Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Neuroethics: the pursuit of transforming medical ethics in scientific ethics
Ethical problems resulting from brain research have given rise to a new discipline termed neuroethics, representing a new kind of knowledge capable of discovering the neural basis for universal ethics. The article (1) tries to evaluate the contributions of neuroethics to medical ethics and its suitability to outline the foundations of universal ethics, (2) critically analyses the process of founding this universal ethic. The potential benefits of applying neuroimaging, psychopharmacology and neurotechnology have to be carefully weighed against their potential harm. In view of these questions, an intensive dialogue between ...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 20, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Gustavo Figueroa Source Type: research
Living conditions and quality of care in residential units for people with long-term mental illness in Portugal – a cross-sectional study
Conclusions:
Investing in better quality, community based mental health facilities is associated with better outcomes for service users who require longer term support. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 20, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Graça CardosoAna PapoilaGina ToméHelen KillaspyMichael KingJosé Miguel Caldas-de-Almeida Source Type: research
Physical properties and hydration behavior of a fast-setting bioceramic endodontic material
Background:
To investigate the physical properties and the hydration behaviour of the fast-setting bioceramic iRoot FS Fast Set Root Repair Material (iRoot FS) and three other endodontic cements.
Methods:
iRoot FS, Endosequence Root Repair Material Putty (ERRM Putty), gray and white mineral trioxide aggregate (G-MTA & W-MTA), and intermediate restorative material (IRM) were evaluated. The setting time was measured using ANSI/ADA standards. Microhardness was evaluated using the Vickers indentation test. Compressive strength and porosity were investigated at 7 and 28 days. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was employe...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 20, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Ya-juan GuoTian-feng DuHong-bo LiYa ShenChristophe MobuchonAhmed HieawyZhe-jun WangYan YangJingzhi MaMarkus Haapasalo Source Type: research
Pre-clinical evaluation of eight DOTA coupled gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRP-R) ligands for in vivo targeting of receptor-expressing tumors
Conclusions:
Our results indicate that the NMeGly for Gly substitution and the Sta-Leu substitution at the C-terminus confer high serum stability while maintaining high receptor affinity, resulting in biodistribution properties that outperform those of the other peptides. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 20, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Antonella AccardoFilippo GalliRosalba MansiLuigi Del PozzoMichela AurilioAnna MoriscoPaola RinghieriAlberto SignoreGiancarlo MorelliLuigi Aloj Source Type: research
On cognitive ecology and the environmental factors that promote Alzheimer disease: lessons from Octodon degus (Rodentia: Octodontidae)
Cognitive ecologist posits that the more efficiently an animal uses information from the biotic and abiotic environment, the more adaptive are its cognitive abilities. Nevertheless, this approach does not test for natural neurodegenerative processes under field or experimental conditions, which may recover animals information processing and decision making and may explain, mechanistically, maladaptive behaviors. Here, we call for integrative approaches to explain the relationship between ultimate and proximate mechanisms behind social behavior. We highlight the importance of using the endemic caviomorph rodent Octodon degu...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 20, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Daniela RiveraNibaldo InestrosaFrancisco Bozinovic Source Type: research
Readiness to change is a predictor of reduced substance use involvement: findings from a randomized controlled trial of patients attending South African emergency departments
Conclusion:
Findings suggest that brief interventions for this population should include a strong focus on building readiness to change substance use through motivational enhancement strategies. Findings also suggest that providing additional support to individuals with depression may enhance intervention outcomes.Trial registrationThis trial registered with the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR201308000591418) on 14/07/2013. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 20, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Bronwyn MyersClaire van der WesthuizenTracey NalediDan SteinKatherine Sorsdahl Source Type: research
CHARM, a gender equity and family planning intervention for men and couples in rural India: protocol for the cluster randomized controlled trial evaluation
DiscussionAll study procedures were completed in February 2015. Findings from this work offer important contributions to the growing field of male engagement in family planning, globally.Trial registrationClinicalTrial.gov, NCT01593943 (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 20, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Jennifer YoreAnindita DasguptaMohan GhuleMadhusadana BattalaSaritha NairJay SilvermanNiranjan SaggurtiDonta BalaiahAnita Raj Source Type: research
What does quality of care mean for maternal health providers from two vulnerable states of India? Case study of Bihar and Jharkhand
Conclusions:
Against the backdrop of quality initiatives in the country to foster United Health Care (UHC), frontline health providers’ perspectives about quality and safety need to be considered and utilized. The provision of adequate health infrastructure, strong health management information system, introduction of evidence-based education and training with supportive supervision must constitute parallel efforts. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 20, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Shilpa KarvandeDevendra SonawaneSandeep ChavanNerges Mistry Source Type: research
Genome-wide association mapping of partial resistance to Aphanomyces euteiches in pea
Conclusion:
This study provides valuable markers, marker haplotypes and germplasm lines to increase levels of partial resistance to A. euteiches in pea breeding. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 20, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Aurore DesgrouxVirginie L’AnthoëneMartine Roux-DuparqueJean-Philippe RivièreGrégoire AubertNadim TayehAnne MoussartPierre ManginPierrick VetelChristophe PiriouRebecca McGeeClarice CoyneJudith BurstinAlain BarangerMaria Manzanares-DauleuxVirginie Bour Source Type: research
Nonlinear estimation of BOLD signals with the aid of cerebral blood volume imaging
Conclusion:
Incorporating regional venous information in the analysis of the hemodynamic model can provide more reliable and accurate parameter estimations and model predictions, and improve the inference about brain connectivity based on fMRI data. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 20, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Yan ZhangZuli WangZhongzhou CaiQiang LinZhenghui Hu Source Type: research
Skin tissue engineering advances in severe burns: review and therapeutic applications
Current advances in basic stem cell research and tissue engineering augur well for the development of improved cultured skin tissue substitutes: a class of products that is still fraught with limitations for clinical use. Although the ability to grow autologous keratinocytes in-vitro from a small skin biopsy into sheets of stratified epithelium (within 3 to 4 weeks) helped alleviate the problem of insufficient donor site for extensive burn, many burn units still have to grapple with insufficient skin allografts which are used as intermediate wound coverage after burn excision. Alternatives offered by tissue-engineered ski...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 19, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Alvin ChuaYik KhooBien TanKok TanChee FooSi Chong Source Type: research
Integrated decoys and effector traps: how to catch a plant pathogen
Plant immune receptors involved in disease resistance and crop protection are related to the animal Nod-like receptor (NLR) class, and recognise the virulence effectors of plant pathogens, whereby they arm the plant’s defensive response. Although plant NLRs mainly contain three protein domains, about 10 % of these receptors identified by extensive cross-plant species data base searches have now been shown to include novel and highly variable integrated domains, some of which have been shown to detect pathogen effectors by direct interaction. Sarris et al. have identified a large number of integrated domains that can be ...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 19, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Jeffrey Ellis Source Type: research
The landscape epidemiology of echinococcoses
Echinococcosis endemicity is geographically heterogeneous and over time it may be affected by global environmental change. This paper reviewed the most relevant environmental sources of spatial variation in human echinococcosis risk, and described the potential applications of landscape epidemiology to characterise the current patterns of parasite transmission across natural and human-altered landscapes.
Image Description: Human-altered landscape in a hyperendemic area for echinococcosis in China. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 19, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Angela Cadavid RestrepoYu YangDonald McManusDarren GrayPatrick GiraudouxTamsin BarnesGail WilliamsRicardo Soares MagalhãesNicholas HammArchie Clements Source Type: research
Functional performance, nutritional status, and body composition in ambulant community-dwelling individuals 1–3 years after suffering from a cerebral infarction or intracerebral bleeding
Conclusions:
Nutritional disorders, i.e., obesity, sarcopenia, or risk for malnutrition, were observed in about one-third of individuals 1 year after stroke. Risk for malnutrition, self-reported physical activity, and age were related to mobility (SPPB), whereas fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) were not. Nutrition and exercise treatment could be further evaluated as rehabilitation opportunities after stroke. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 19, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Birgit VahlbergLena ZetterbergBirgitta LindmarkKarin HellströmTommy Cederholm Source Type: research
Within- and across-breed genomic prediction using whole-genome sequence and single nucleotide polymorphism panels
Conclusions:
Our results show that, genomic predictions in numerically small cattle populations would benefit from a combination of WGS data, a multi-breed reference population, and a variable selection method. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 19, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Oscar IheshiulorJohn WoolliamsXijiang YuRobin WellmannTheo Meuwissen Source Type: research
