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Biologic Augmentation of Isolated Meniscal Repair
This article provides a comprehensive review of recent findings and conclusions regarding biologic augmentation techniques.Recent FindingsStudies on PRP reveal mixed outcomes, with some suggesting benefits in reducing failure rates of isolated meniscal repair, while others question its efficacy. Fibrin clots and PRF (Platelet-rich fibrin), although promising, show inconsistent results and lack sufficient evidence for definitive conclusions. MSCs demonstrate potential in preclinical studies, but clinical trials have been limited and inconclusive. Bone marrow stimulation appears effective in certain contexts, but its broader...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 23, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Management of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears in Skeletally Immature Patients
This article reviews considerations of skeletal maturity in patients with ACL tears, then discusses surgical techniques, with a focus on their unique indications and outcomes. Additional surgical adjuncts and components of postoperative rehabilitation, which may reduce retear rates, are also considered.Recent FindingsCurrent research shows favorable patient-reported outcomes and high return-to-sport rates after ACL reconstruction in skeletally immature patients. Graft rupture (ACL retear) rates are low, but notably higher than in most adult populations. Historically, there has been insufficient research to comprehensively ...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 19, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

The Role of Ultrasound in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Meniscal Injuries
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review evaluates the current understanding of the role of ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of meniscal disorders.Recent FindingsUltrasound (US) demonstrates similar sensitivity and specificity when compared to magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of meniscal injuries when compared to arthroscopy. Meniscal extrusion (ME) under US can be a reliable metric to evaluate for meniscal root tears in knees with and without osteoarthritis (OA). Sonographic ME is associated with development of OA in knees without OA. US following allograft meniscal transplant may be useful in predicting ...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 19, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Surgical Treatment and Outcomes for Gluteal Tendon Tears
AbstractPurpose of ReviewGluteus medius and minimus tears, or hip abductor tendon tears, are increasingly identified as a source of lateral hip pain. Once underappreciated and undertreated, they are now recognized as a cause of greater trochanteric pain syndrome and a pathology amenable to both nonoperative and operative modalities. This review summarizes relevant anatomy, clinical presentation, and treatment options for gluteus medius tears, focusing on surgical options.Recent FindingsWhen surgical intervention is indicated, repair, reconstruction, or tendon transfer may be considered. Open and endoscopic repair technique...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 15, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Feasibility and Usability of Augmented Reality Technology in the Orthopaedic Operating Room
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAugmented reality (AR)  has gained popularity in various sectors, including gaming, entertainment, and healthcare. The desire for improved surgical navigation within orthopaedic surgery has led to the evaluation of the feasibility and usability of AR in the operating room (OR). However, the safe and effective use of AR  technology in the OR necessitates a proper understanding of its capabilities and limitations. This review aims to describe the fundamental elements of AR, highlight limitations for use within the field of orthopaedic surgery, and discuss potential areas for development.Recent Fi...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 12, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Radiographic and Advanced Imaging Evaluation of Posterior Shoulder Instability
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPosterior shoulder instability is an uncommon but important cause of shoulder dysfunction and pain which may occur as the result of seizure, high energy trauma, or repetitive stress related to occupational or sport-specific activities. This current review details the imaging approach to the patient with posterior shoulder instability and describes commonly associated soft tissue and bony pathologies identified by radiographs, CT, and MR imaging.Recent FindingsAdvances in MR imaging technology and techniques allow for more accurate evaluation of bone and soft tissue pathology associated with posteri...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 12, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Artificial Intelligence for Clinically Meaningful Outcome Prediction in Orthopedic Research: Current Applications and Limitations
This article provides a contemporary review of current applications of AI developed to predict clinically significant outcome (CSO) achievement after musculoskeletal treatment interventions.Recent FindingsThe highest volume of literature exists in the subspecialties of total joint arthroplasty, spine, and sports medicine, with only three studies identified in the remaining orthopedic subspecialties combined. Performance is widely variable across models, with most studies only reporting discrimination as a performance metric. Given the complexity inherent in predictive modeling for this task, including data availability, da...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 8, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Sutures, Screws, Buttons, and Anchors: A Review of Current Bone Graft Fixation Devices for Glenoid Bone Loss in the Unstable Shoulder
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAnterior shoulder instability is associated with concomitant injury to several stabilizing structures of the shoulder, including glenoid bone loss. While instability is most common in young athletes and patients with predisposing conditions of hyperlaxity, recurrent shoulder instability can occur throughout various age ranges and may lead to longer term effects including pain and shoulder arthritis. Glenoid bone loss exceeding certain thresholds is generally treated by glenoid reconstruction via bone block augmentation to adequately stabilize the glenohumeral joint. These procedures increase the wi...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 8, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Disparities Exist in the Experience of Financial Burden Among Orthopedic Trauma Patients: A Systematic Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThere are substantial costs associated with orthopedic injury and management. These costs are likely not experienced equally among patients. At the level of the healthcare and hospital systems, disparities in financial burden and patient demographics have already been identified among orthopedic trauma patients. Accordingly, disparities may also arise at the level of the patient and how they experience the cost of their care. We sought to determine (1) how patient demographics are associated with financial burden/toxicity and (2) if patients experience disproportionate financial burden/toxicity and...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - March 16, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Correction: Lower Trapezius Transfer for Irreparable Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears
(Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine)
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - March 16, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Current Trends and Outcomes for Open vs. Arthroscopic Latarjet
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper aims to analyze and compare the existing research on open and arthroscopic Latarjet procedures for treating anterior shoulder instability. The review will assess different factors such as graft positioning, functional outcomes, complications, and return-to-play rates for both approaches. The study ’s primary goal is to establish which technique yields superior outcomes.Recent FindingsRecent studies have suggested that arthroscopic Latarjet surgery can produce outcomes similar to open surgery regarding functional scores and patient satisfaction. Some research indicates that arthroscopy ...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - March 11, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Fastpitch Softball Injuries: Epidemiology, Biomechanics, and Injury Prevention
AbstractPurpose of ReviewFastpitch softball is one of the most popular sports among youth and high school female athletes. Despite some similarities to baseball, key differences between the two sports result in different injury patterns, and there is comparatively less literature describing injury epidemiology in fastpitch softball. The purpose of this review is to describe the epidemiology, biomechanics, and injury prevention efforts in regards to fastpitch softball injury with a particular focus on underhand pitching.Recent FindingsThe injury rate in softball is relatively low and extended time loss injuries in particula...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - February 12, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Surgical Management of Massive Irreparable Cuff Tears: Superior Capsule Reconstruction and Rotator Cable Reconstruction
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMassive irreparable rotator cuff tears (MIRCTs) present treatment challenges. Recently, superior capsule reconstruction (SCR) and anterior cable reconstruction have emerged as surgical options, but no single approach is superior. This review provides an overview of SCR and cable reconstruction techniques, including biomechanical studies, clinical outcomes, and surgical considerations.Recent FindingsBiomechanical studies show SCR with autografts or allografts improves glenohumeral stability and mechanics. Clinical outcomes of SCR demonstrate improved range of motion, function scores, and pain relief...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - February 10, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Return to Play Criteria After Adult Lumbar Spinal Fractures: A Review of Current Literature and Expert Recommendations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewUnderstanding the management of lumbar spinal fractures and return to play (RTP) criteria is an essential component of care for adult athletes. Appropriate management of lumbar spinal fractures must balance minimizing time away from physical activity while also minimizing risk of reinjury. The purpose of this review is to summarize current recommendations on lumbar spinal fracture management and RTP guidelines and to provide expert opinion on areas of discrepancy in the field.Recent FindingsThere is a paucity of high-level evidence on the management and return to play criteria for adult lumbar spin...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - February 1, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Lower Trapezius Transfer for Irreparable Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears
AbstractPurpose of ReviewFunctionally irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears (FIRCT) represent a substantial source of morbidity for many patients. Several surgical options can be considered for the salvage of FICRTs. Transfer of the tendon of the lower trapezius to the greater tuberosity, originally described for surgical management of the paralytic shoulder, has emerged as an attractive option, particularly for patients with external rotation lag and those looking for strength restoration. The purpose of this publication is to review the indications, surgical technique, and reported outcomes of this procedure.Rec...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - January 31, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research