Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1563: Latest Insights and Therapeutic Advances in Myelodysplastic Neoplasms
e Fabritiis
Myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDSs) encompass a range of hematopoietic malignancies, commonly affecting elderly individuals. Molecular alterations in the hematopoietic stem cell compartment drive disease pathogenesis. Recent advancements in genomic profiling have provided valuable insights into the biological underpinnings of MDSs and have expanded therapeutic options, particularly for specific molecularly defined subgroups. This review highlights the diagnostic principles, classification updates, prognostic stratification systems, and novel treatments, which could inform future clinical trials and e...
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pasquale Niscola Valentina Gianfelici Marco Giovannini Daniela Piccioni Carla Mazzone Paolo de Fabritiis Tags: Review Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1564: Enhancements in Radiological Detection of Metastatic Lymph Nodes Utilizing AI-Assisted Ultrasound Imaging Data and the Lymph Node Reporting and Data System Scale
Kurek
The paper presents a novel approach for the automatic detection of neoplastic lesions in lymph nodes (LNs). It leverages the latest advances in machine learning (ML) with the LN Reporting and Data System (LN-RADS) scale. By integrating diverse datasets and network structures, the research investigates the effectiveness of ML algorithms in improving diagnostic accuracy and automation potential. Both Multinominal Logistic Regression (MLR)-integrated and fully connected neuron layers are included in the analysis. The methods were trained using three variants of combinations of histopathological data and LN-RADS scal...
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cezary Chudobi ński Bartosz Świderski Izabella Antoniuk Jaros ław Kurek Tags: Article Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1566: Advancements in Image-Based Models for High-Grade Gliomas Might Be Accelerated
a
The first half of 2022 saw the publication of several major research advances in image-based models and artificial intelligence applications to optimize treatment strategies for high-grade gliomas, the deadliest brain tumors. We review them and discuss the barriers that delay their entry into clinical practice; particularly, the small sample size and the heterogeneity of the study designs and methodologies used. We will also write about the poor and late palliation that patients suffering from high-grade glioma can count on at the end of life, as well as the current legislative instruments, with particular reference ...
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Guido Frosina Tags: Review Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1567: Discovery of Novel Potential Prognostic Markers and Targeted Therapy to Overcome Chemotherapy Resistance in an Advanced-Stage Wilms Tumor
In this study, we aimed to discover potential mutation markers and drug targets associated with chemotherapy resistance in advanced-stage WT. We performed exome sequencing to detect somatic mutations and molecular targets in 43 WT samples, comprising 26 advanced-stage WTs, of which 7 cases were chemotherapy-resistant. Our analysis revealed four genes (ALPK2, C16orf96, PRKDC, and SVIL) that correlated with chemotherapy resistance and reduced disease-free survival in advanced-stage WT. Additionally, we identified driver mutations in 55 genes within the chemotherapy-resistant group, including 14 druggable cancer driver genes....
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pongsakorn Choochuen Natakorn Nokchan Natthapon Khongcharoen Wison Laochareonsuk Komwit Surachat Thirachit Chotsampancharoen Thanit Sila Sangkhathat Tags: Article Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1568: Coagulation Protease-Driven Cancer Immune Evasion: Potential Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy
k Das
Blood coagulation and cancer are intrinsically connected, hypercoagulation-associated thrombotic complications are commonly observed in certain types of cancer, often leading to decreased survival in cancer patients. Apart from the common role in coagulation, coagulation proteases often trigger intracellular signaling in various cancers via the activation of a G protein-coupled receptor superfamily protease: protease-activated receptors (PARs). Although the role of PARs is well-established in the development and progression of certain types of cancer, their impact on cancer immune response is only just emerging. ...
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Subhojit Paul Tanmoy Mukherjee Kaushik Das Tags: Review Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1569: CD44: A New Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer?
Pusceddu
Massimo Castagnola
Mario Scartozzi
Gavino Faa
Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) is a non-kinase cell surface glycoprotein. It is overexpressed in several cell types, including cancer stem cells (CSCs). Cells overexpressing CD44 exhibit several CSC traits, such as self-renewal, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) capability, and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. The role of CD44 in maintaining stemness and the CSC function in tumor progression is accomplished by binding to its main ligand, hyaluronan (HA). The HA-CD44 complex activates several signaling pathways that lead to cel...
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pina Ziranu Andrea Pretta Valentina Aimola Flaviana Cau Stefano Mariani Alessandra Pia D ’Agata Claudia Codipietro Daiana Rizzo Veronica Dell ’Utri Giorgia Sanna Giusy Moledda Andrea Cadoni Eleonora Lai Marco Puzzoni Valeria Pusceddu Massimo Castagnol Tags: Review Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1570: Machine Learning Applied to Pre-Operative Computed-Tomography-Based Radiomic Features Can Accurately Differentiate Uterine Leiomyoma from Leiomyosarcoma: A Pilot Study
Conclusions: CECT images integrated with radiomics have great potential in differentiating uterine leiomyomas from leiomyosarcomas. Such a tool can be used to mitigate the risks of eventual surgical spread in the case of leiomyosarcoma and allow for safer fertility-sparing treatment in patients with benign uterine lesions. (Source: Cancers)
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Miriam Santoro Vladislav Zybin Camelia Alexandra Coada Giulia Mantovani Giulia Paolani Marco Di Stanislao Cecilia Modolon Stella Di Costanzo Andrei Lebovici Gloria Ravegnini Antonio De Leo Marco Tesei Pietro Pasquini Luigi Lovato Alessio Giuseppe Morganti Tags: Article Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1571: Current State of Melanoma Therapy and Next Steps: Battling Therapeutic Resistance
Chen
Melanoma is the most aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer due to its high propensity to metastasize to distant organs. Significant progress has been made in the last few decades in melanoma therapeutics, most notably in targeted therapy and immunotherapy. These approaches have greatly improved treatment response outcomes; however, they remain limited in their abilities to hinder disease progression due, in part, to the onset of acquired resistance. In parallel, intrinsic resistance to therapy remains an issue to be resolved. In this review, we summarize currently available therapeutic options for melanoma t...
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Fateeva Eddy Chen Tags: Review Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1572: The Genomic, Transcriptomic, and Immunologic Landscape of HRAS Mutations in Solid Tumors
In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the unique molecular profiles of HRASmt tumors that may help to identify new targets and guide future clinical trial design. (Source: Cancers)
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Samuel A. Kareff Asaad Trabolsi Harris B. Krause Timothy Samec Andrew Elliott Estelamari Rodriguez Coral Olazagasti Dionysios C. Watson Matias A. Bustos Dave S. B. Hoon Stephanie L. Graff Emmanuel S. Antonarakis Sanjay Goel George Sledge Gilberto Lopes Tags: Article Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1573: DNA Damage Responses in Tumors Are Not Proliferative Stimuli, but Rather They Are DNA Repair Actions Requiring Supportive Medical Care
Conclusions: Understanding the real character and behavior of human tumors at the molecular level suggests that we should learn the genome repairing methods of tumors and follow them by supportive therapy, rather than provoking additional genomic damages. (Source: Cancers)
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zsuzsanna Suba Tags: Review Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1574: The Impact of Lateral Ventricular Opening in the Resection of Newly Diagnosed High-Grade Gliomas: A Single Center Experience
io Melcarne
Diego Garbossa
Given the importance of maximizing resection for prognosis in patients with HGG and the potential risks associated with ventricle opening, this study aimed to assess the actual increase in post-surgical complications related to lateral ventricle opening and its influence on OS and PFS. A retrospective study was conducted on newly diagnosed HGG, dividing the patients into two groups according to whether the lateral ventricle was opened (69 patients) or not opened (311 patients). PFS, OS, subependymal dissemination, distant parenchymal recurrences, the development of hydrocephalus and CSF lea...
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Fabio Cofano Andrea Bianconi Raffaele De Marco Elena Consoli Pietro Zeppa Francesco Bruno Alessia Pellerino Flavio Panico Luca Francesco Salvati Francesca Rizzo Alberto Morello Roberta Rud à Giovanni Morana Antonio Melcarne Diego Garbossa Tags: Article Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1575: The Role of Estrogen and Estrogen Receptors in Head and Neck Tumors
etić
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common histological form of head and neck tumors (HNTs), which originate from the epithelium of the lips and oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, salivary glands, nasal cavity, and sinuses. The main risk factors include consumption of tobacco in all forms and alcohol, as well as infections with high-risk human papillomaviruses or the Epstein–Barr virus. Regardless of the etiological agent, the risk of developing different types of HNTs is from two to more than six times higher in males than in females. The reason for such disparities probably lies i...
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kranj čević Čonkaš Ozreti ć Tags: Review Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1565: Genetic Diagnosis of Retinoblastoma Using Aqueous Humour & mdash;Findings from an Extended Cohort
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1565: Genetic Diagnosis of Retinoblastoma Using Aqueous Humour—Findings from an Extended Cohort
Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers16081565
Authors:
Amy Gerrish
Chipo Mashayamombe-Wolfgarten
Edward Stone
Claudia Román-Montañana
Joseph Abbott
Helen Jenkinson
Gerard Millen
Sam Gurney
Maureen McCalla
Sarah-Jane Staveley
Anu Kainth
Maria Kirk
Claire Bowen
Susan Cavanagh
Sancha Bunstone
Megan Carney
Ajay Mohite
Samuel Clokie
M. Ashwin Reddy
Alison Foster
Stephanie Allen
Manoj Parulekar
Trevor Cole
The identification of somatic RB1 variation is cruc...
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Amy Gerrish Chipo Mashayamombe-Wolfgarten Edward Stone Claudia Rom án-Montañana Joseph Abbott Helen Jenkinson Gerard Millen Sam Gurney Maureen McCalla Sarah-Jane Staveley Anu Kainth Maria Kirk Claire Bowen Susan Cavanagh Sancha Bunstone Megan Carney Aja Tags: Article Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1576: Focused Ultrasound-Enhanced Liquid Biopsy: A Promising Diagnostic Tool for Brain Tumor Patients
In conclusion, FUS-BBBO-enhanced liquid biopsy using stable cavitation shows diagnostic potential for primary brain tumors. Further research is imperative before integrating FUS-BBBO for liquid biopsy enhancement into clinical practice. (Source: Cancers)
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Akke Bakker Anna E. Ixkes Hema Venugopal Mario G. Ries Nathalie S. M. Lak Filip Y. F. L. de Vos Dannis G. van Vuurden Tom J. Snijders Tags: Systematic Review Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 1555: CDK Inhibitors and FDA: Approved and Orphan
kus
The protein kinases are a large family of enzymes which catalyze protein phosphorylation at certain amino acids [...] (Source: Cancers)
Source: Cancers - April 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jonas Cicenas Jokubas Simkus Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
