Nonparametric estimation for random effects models driven by fractional Brownian motion using Hermite polynomials
AbstractWe propose a nonparametric estimation of random effects from the following fractional diffusions\(dX^{j}(t) = \psi _{j}X^{j}(t)d t+X^{j}(t)d W^{H,j}(t), \)\(~X^j(0)=x^j_0,~t\ge 0, \)\( j=1,\ldots ,n,\) where\(\psi _j\) are random variables and\( W^{j,H}\) are fractional Brownian motions with a common known Hurst index\(H\in (0,1)\). We are concerned with the study of Hermite projection and kernel density estimators for the\(\psi _j\)’s common density, when the horizon time of observation is fixed or sufficiently large. We corroborate these theoretical results through simulations. An empirical application is made ...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - April 13, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
The distribution of the maximum likelihood estimates of the change point and their relation to random walks
AbstractThe problem of estimating the change point in a sequence of independent observations is considered. Hinkley (1970) demonstrated that the maximum likelihood estimate of the change point is associated with a two-sided random walk in which the ascending and descending epochs and heights are the key elements for its evaluation. The aim here is to expand the information generated from the random walks and from fluctuation theory and applied to the change point formulation. This permits us to obtain computable expressions for the asymptotic distribution of the change point with respect to convolutions and Laplace transfo...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - April 13, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
A pseudo-likelihood estimator of the Ornstein –Uhlenbeck parameters from suprema observations
AbstractIn this paper, we propose an estimator for the Ornstein –Uhlenbeck parameters based on observations of its supremum. We derive an analytic expression for the supremum density. Making use of the pseudo-likelihood method based on the supremum density, our estimator is constructed as the maximal argument of this function. Using weak-dependency results, we prove some statistical properties on the estimator such as consistency and asymptotic normality. Finally, we apply our estimator to simulated and real data. (Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - April 13, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Statistical inference for discretely sampled stochastic functional differential equations with small noise
AbstractEstimating parameters of drift and diffusion coefficients for multidimensional stochastic delay equations with small noise are considered. The delay structure is written as an integral form with respect to a delay measure. Our contrast function is based on a local-Gauss approximation to the transition probability density of the process. We show consistency and asymptotic normality of the minimum-contrast estimator when a small dispersion coefficient\(\varepsilon \rightarrow 0\) and sample size\(n\rightarrow \infty \) simultaneously. (Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - April 13, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Membrane potential dynamics of C5a-stimulated neutrophil granulocytes
Pflugers Arch. 2024 Apr 13. doi: 10.1007/s00424-024-02947-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNeutrophil granulocytes play a crucial role in host defense against invading pathogens and in inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to elucidate membrane potential dynamics during the initial phase of neutrophil activation and its relation to migration and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We performed ROS production measurements of neutrophils from healthy C57BL/6J mice after TNFα-priming and/or C5a stimulation. The actin cytoskeleton was visualized with fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, we combined migrat...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - April 13, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Stina Becker Aljoscha Swoboda Henrik Siemer Sandra Schimmelpfennig Sarah Sargin Victor Shahin Albrecht Schwab Karolina Najder Source Type: research
Disrupted autonomic pathways in spinal cord injury: Implications for the immune regulation
Neurobiol Dis. 2024 Apr 11:106500. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106500. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSpinal Cord Injury (SCI) disrupts critical autonomic pathways responsible for the regulation of the immune function. Consequently, individuals with SCI often exhibit a spectrum of immune dysfunctions ranging from the development of damaging pro-inflammatory responses to severe immunosuppression. Thus, it is imperative to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the extent and mechanisms through which SCI-induced autonomic dysfunction influences the immune response. In this review, we provide an overview of the anatomical orga...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - April 13, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Maria M Moura Andreia Monteiro Ant ónio J Salgado Nuno A Silva Susana Monteiro Source Type: research
Disrupted autonomic pathways in spinal cord injury: Implications for the immune regulation
Neurobiol Dis. 2024 Apr 11:106500. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106500. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSpinal Cord Injury (SCI) disrupts critical autonomic pathways responsible for the regulation of the immune function. Consequently, individuals with SCI often exhibit a spectrum of immune dysfunctions ranging from the development of damaging pro-inflammatory responses to severe immunosuppression. Thus, it is imperative to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the extent and mechanisms through which SCI-induced autonomic dysfunction influences the immune response. In this review, we provide an overview of the anatomical orga...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - April 13, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Maria M Moura Andreia Monteiro Ant ónio J Salgado Nuno A Silva Susana Monteiro Source Type: research
Eight weeks of treatment with mineralocorticoid receptor blockade does not alter vascular function in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes
In conclusion, we found no effect of MR blockade endothelial function in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. As the individuals with type 2 diabetes did not have vascular dysfunction, these results might not apply to individuals with vascular dysfunction. (Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - April 13, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Stine H. Finsen,
Mie R. Hansen,
Pernille B. L. Hansen,
Stefan P. Mortensen Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
GSE246304 A brain-enriched circular RNA controls excitatory neurotransmission and restricts sensitivity to aversive stimuli
This study provides compelling evidence that circRNAs can regulate biologically relevant functions in neurons, with modulatory effects at multiple levels of the phenotype, establishing a proof-of-principle for the regulatory role of circRNAs in neural processes. (Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus)
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - April 13, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing Mus musculus Source Type: research
Non ‐canonical IKB kinases regulate YAP/TAZ and pathological vascular remodeling behaviors in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells
AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) causes pulmonary vascular remodeling, increasing pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and leading to right heart failure and death. Matrix stiffening early in the disease promotes remodeling in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), contributing to PAH pathogenesis. Our research identified YAP and TAZ as key drivers of the mechanobiological feedback loop in PASMCs, suggesting targeting them could mitigate remodeling. However, YAP/TAZ are ubiquitously expressed and carry out diverse functions, necessitating a cell-specific approach. Our previous work demonstrated that tar...
Source: Physiological Reports - April 13, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Aja Aravamudhan,
Paul B. Dieffenbach,
Kyoung Moo Choi,
Patrick A. Link,
Jeffrey A. Meridew,
Andrew J. Haak,
Laura E. Fredenburgh,
Daniel J. Tschumperlin Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Surgical outcomes of the systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt: risk factors of post-operative acute events and effectiveness of regulation of pulmonary blood flow with metal clips
ConclusionSurgical outcomes after SPS were acceptable and metal clip regulation of pulmonary blood flow appears to be safe and effective. PA/IVS was still a significant risk factor for acute events. (Source: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)
Source: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - April 13, 2024 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Source Type: research
Exploration of postural effects on the external jugular and diploic venous system using upright computed tomography scanning
ConclusionCompared to the supine position, the contribution of external jugular tributaries to head venous drainage decreased in the sitting position, whilst most diploic veins maintained their contribution. These results could enhance our understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of the head region in upright and sitting positions. (Source: Neuroradiology)
Source: Neuroradiology - April 13, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Effect of repeated post-resistance exercise cold or hot water immersion on in-season inflammatory responses in academy rugby players: a randomised controlled cross-over design
ConclusionPost-resistance exercise CWI or HWI resulted in trivial and moderate reductions in CK, respectively, which may be partly due to hydrostatic effects of water immersion. Post-resistance exercise HWI moderately decreased IL-1ra, which may be associated with post-resistance exercise skeletal muscle inflammation influencing chronic resistance exercise adaptive responses. Following post-resistance exercise water immersion, CWI increased HSP-72 suggesting a thermoregulatory response indicating improved adaptive inflammatory responses to temperature changes, while HWI increased growth factors (PDGF-BB, IGF-1) indicating ...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - April 13, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Active intervals between sets and exercise of resistance exercises potentiate the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension in middle-aged hypertensive women
ConclusionsPassive or active intervals in resistance exercise promote PEH in hypertensive women. Active intervals shorten the PEH onset time as additional benefit. (Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - April 13, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
The Physiologically Difficult Airway and Management Considerations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper evaluates the recent literature regarding the physiologically difficult airway.Recent FindingsAdverse events mainly desaturation, cardiovascular collapse, and cardiac arrest remain common complications. This risk is greatly increased in patients with altered physiology prior to intubation. Studies published over the last 5 years have explored many aspects surrounding the epidemiology, risks, and approach to managing the physiologically difficult airway.SummaryImportant work has been done to identify directly modifiable risks of complications related to the physiologically difficult air...
Source: Current Anesthesiology Reports - April 13, 2024 Category: Anesthesiology Source Type: research
