Image denoising and model-independent parameterization for IVIM MRI
Phys Med Biol. 2024 Apr 11. doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad3db8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTObjective: To improve intravoxel incoherent motion imaging (IVIM) magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI) quality using a new image denoising technique and model-independent parameterization of the signal versus b-value curve.Approach: IVIM images were acquired for 13 head-and-neck patients prior to radiotherapy. Post-radiotherapy scans were also acquired for five patients. Images were denoised prior to parameter fitting using neural blind deconvolution, a method of solving the mathematical problem of blind deconvolution using neural networks...
Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology - April 11, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Caleb Sample Jonn Wu Haley Clark Source Type: research
Hybrid U-Net and Swin-transformer network for limited-angle cardiac computed tomography
Phys Med Biol. 2024 Apr 11. doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad3db9. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCardiac computed tomography is widely used for diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Diagnostic performance depends strongly on the temporal resolution of the CT images. To image the beating heart, one can reduce the scanning time by acquiring limited-angle projections. However, this leads to increased image noise and limited-angle-related artifacts. The ability to reconstruct high quality images from limited-angle projections is highly desirable and remains a major challenge. W...
Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology - April 11, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Yongshun Xu Shuo Han Dayang Wang Ge Wang Jonathan S Maltz Hengyong Yu Source Type: research
Patient-derived PixelPrint phantoms for evaluating clinical imaging performance of a deep learning CT reconstruction algorithm
Conclusion
DLR has the capability of producing diagnostic image quality at up to 83% lower radiation dose, which can improve the clinical utility and viability of lower dose CT scans. Furthermore, the PixelPrint phantom used in this study offers an improved testing environment with more realistic tissue structures compared to traditional CT phantoms, allowing for structure-based image quality evaluation beyond noise and contrast-based assessments.PMID:38604190 | DOI:10.1088/1361-6560/ad3dba (Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology)
Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology - April 11, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Jessica Yunyun Im Sandra Halliburton Kai Mei Amy E Perkins Eddy Wong Leonid Roshkovan Olivia F Sandvold Leening P Liu Grace J Gang Peter B No ël Source Type: research
Unsupervised machine learning for flaw detection in automated ultrasonic testing of carbon fibre reinforced plastic composites
Ultrasonics. 2024 Apr 6;140:107313. doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107313. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe use of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) composite materials for critical components has significantly surged within the energy and aerospace industry. With this rapid increase in deployment, reliable post-manufacturing Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) is critical for verifying the mechanical integrity of manufactured components. To this end, an automated Ultrasonic Testing (UT) NDE process delivered by an industrial manipulator was developed, greatly increasing the measurement speed, repeatability, and locational ...
Source: Ultrasonics - April 11, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Vedran Tunukovic Shaun McKnight Richard Pyle Zhiming Wang Ehsan Mohseni S Gareth Pierce Randika K W Vithanage Gordon Dobie Charles N MacLeod Sandy Cochran Tom O'Hare Source Type: research
Comment on ''study on the predictive value of pretreatment peripheral blood inflammatory markers regarding immunotherapy in patients with inoperable advanced or locally advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma''
Scand J Gastroenterol. 2024 Apr 11:1-2. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2337840. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38602415 | DOI:10.1080/00365521.2024.2337840 (Source: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology - April 11, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Wenting Pan Li Qin Source Type: research
A highly sensitive, long-time stable Ag/AgCl ultra-micro sensor for in situ monitoring chloride ions inside the crevice using SECM
Talanta. 2024 Apr 4;274:126026. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126026. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTracking the variation of Cl- timely within the crevice is of great significance for comprehending the dynamic mechanism of crevice corrosion. The reported chloride ion selective electrodes are difficult to realize the long-time Cl- detection inside the confined crevice, due to their millimeter size or a relative limited lifespan. For this purpose, an Ag/AgCl ultra-micro sensor (UMS) with a radius of 12.5 μm was fabricated and optimized using laser drawing and electrodeposition techniques. Results show the AgCl film's structu...
Source: Talanta - April 11, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Hang Zhang Hao-Ran Yuan Ze-Jie Zhu Qin-Hao Zhang Yi-Han Bai Jiang-Ying Wang Fa-He Cao Source Type: research
Determination of low concentrations of glucose through colorimetric analysis using CoFe < sub > 2 < /sub > O < sub > 4 < /sub > magnetic catalyst and SAT-3
In this study, magnetic CoFe2O4 was prepared using a precipitation method as a natural enzyme mimetic. CoFe2O4 showed excellent peroxidase-like activity, as demonstrated by the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and the maximum velocity (Vmax). The linear ranges of the calibration curves for H2O2 and glucose were in the range of 0-500 µM, and the detection limits were 1.83 and 5.91 µM, respectively. This analytical method was applied for the determination of glucose in human serum, and the results were satisfactory and consistent with certified values. The performance of this sensor was comparable to or superior to those of ...
Source: Anal Sci - April 11, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Kurumi Matsui Hideyuki Katsumata Mai Furukawa Ikki Tateishi Satoshi Kaneco Source Type: research
Determination of low concentrations of glucose through colorimetric analysis using CoFe < sub > 2 < /sub > O < sub > 4 < /sub > magnetic catalyst and SAT-3
In this study, magnetic CoFe2O4 was prepared using a precipitation method as a natural enzyme mimetic. CoFe2O4 showed excellent peroxidase-like activity, as demonstrated by the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and the maximum velocity (Vmax). The linear ranges of the calibration curves for H2O2 and glucose were in the range of 0-500 µM, and the detection limits were 1.83 and 5.91 µM, respectively. This analytical method was applied for the determination of glucose in human serum, and the results were satisfactory and consistent with certified values. The performance of this sensor was comparable to or superior to those of ...
Source: Analytical Sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry - April 11, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Kurumi Matsui Hideyuki Katsumata Mai Furukawa Ikki Tateishi Satoshi Kaneco Source Type: research
Worldwide forest surveys reveal forty-three new species in < em > Phytophthora < /em > major Clade 2 with fundamental implications for the evolution and biogeography of the genus and global plant biosecurity
Stud Mycol. 2024 Mar;107:251-388. doi: 10.3114/sim.2024.107.04. Epub 2024 Feb 27.ABSTRACTDuring 25 surveys of global Phytophthora diversity, conducted between 1998 and 2020, 43 new species were detected in natural ecosystems and, occasionally, in nurseries and outplantings in Europe, Southeast and East Asia and the Americas. Based on a multigene phylogeny of nine nuclear and four mitochondrial gene regions they were assigned to five of the six known subclades, 2a-c, e and f, of Phytophthora major Clade 2 and the new subclade 2g. The evolutionary history of the Clade appears to have involved the pre-Gondwanan divergence of ...
Source: Studies in Mycology - April 11, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: T Jung I Milenkovi ć Y Balci J Janou šek T Kudl áček Z Á Nagy B Baharuddin J Bakonyi K D Broders S O Cacciola T-T Chang N M Chi T Corcobado A Cravador B Đorđević A Dur án M Ferreira C-H Fu L Garcia A Hieno H-H Ho C Hong M Junaid K Kageyama T Kusw Source Type: research
Structure-dependent CO < sub > 2 < /sub > reduction on molybdenite (MoS < sub > 2 < /sub > ) electrocatalysts
Chem Commun (Camb). 2024 Apr 11. doi: 10.1039/d4cc00496e. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTScanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) is employed to directly identify the structure-dependent electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) activity of molybdenite (MoS2) electrocatalysts in an aqueous imidazolium-based aprotic ionic liquid electrolyte. Nanoscale defects, where the edge plane (EP) is exposed, are directly targeted, revealing heightened overall activity (eCO2RR + the competing hydrogen evolution reaction, HER) over the relatively inactive basal plane (BP). In addition, certain types of defects (e.g., step e...
Source: Chemical Communications - April 11, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jake Limb Lachlan F Gaudin Cameron L Bentley Source Type: research
Modification of pea dietary fibre by superfine grinding assisted enzymatic modification: Structural, physicochemical, and functional properties
This study showed that superfine grinding combined with enzymatic modification can effectively improve the SDF content and the physicochemical and functional properties of pea dietary fibre, which gives pea dietary fibre great application potential in functional foods.PMID:38604426 | DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131408 (Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules)
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - April 11, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Renhui Yang Ying Ye Weiting Liu Bin Liang Hongjun He Xiulian Li Changjian Ji Chanchan Sun Source Type: research
Stratified control of chemical crystallization in a pellet fluidized bed for pH-Adjusted fluoride and phosphate reduction: An experimental study
This study investigates the impact of stratified pH control in a crystallization granulation fluidized bed for the removal of fluoride and phosphate on a pilot scale. The results indicate that using dolomite as a seed crystal, employing sodium dihydrogen phosphate (SDP) and calcium chloride as crystallizing agents, and controlling the molar ratio n(F):n(P):n(Ca) = 1:5:10 with an upflow velocity of 7.52 m/h, effectively removes fluoride and phosphate. Stratified pH control-maintaining weakly acidic conditions (pH = 6-7) at the bottom and weakly alkaline conditions (pH = 7-8) at the top-facilitates the induction of fluoroapa...
Source: Environmental Research - April 11, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ruizhu Hu Shichang Li Kaihong Li Tinglin Huang Zenan Liu Gang Wen Source Type: research
Mitral annular disjunction in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients-a retrospective cardiac MRI study
CONCLUSIONS: MAD is rather common in OHCA patients without definitive aetiology undergoing CMR. The presence of MAD was independently associated to OHCA without an identifiable trigger. Further research is needed to understand the exact role of MAD in OHCA patients.PMID:38602567 | DOI:10.1007/s00392-024-02440-3 (Source: Clin Med Res)
Source: Clin Med Res - April 11, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Felix Troger Gert Klug Paulina Poskaite Christina Tiller Ivan Lechner Martin Reindl Magdalena Holzknecht Priscilla Fink Eva-Maria Brunnauer Elke R Gizewski Bernhard Metzler Sebastian Reinstadler Agnes Mayr Source Type: research
Development of Mucoadhesive Microspheres for Intranasal Delivery of Fluconazole as an Alternative Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis Infection in Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency
This study aimed to develop a mucoadhesive microsphere delivery system for fluconazole for the intranasal route. Microspheres of mucoadhesive fluconazole formulation variables, such as different amounts of drug concentration and polymer concentration, were prepared by a simple emulsion-crosslinking method. The prepared microspheres' surface was characterised by SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) and evaluated for particle size, entrapment efficiency, production yield, infrared spectroscopic study, in-vitro mucoadhesion, and in-vitro drug release. The results showed that formula 1 is the optimal mucoadhesive microsphere pre...
Source: Annales Pharmaceutiques Francaises - April 11, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Amriani Sapra H M Hendrawan Sayyid M Amin None Syahrani Filia Ananda Kelsi Syamsu Nur Andi Dian Permana Source Type: research
Tuning spatially fractionated radiotherapy dose profiles using the moir é effect
Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 11;14(1):8468. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-55104-7.ABSTRACTSpatially Fractionated Radiotherapy (SFRT) has demonstrated promising potential in cancer treatment, combining the advantages of reduced post-radiation effects and enhanced local control rates. Within this paradigm, proton minibeam radiotherapy (pMBRT) was suggested as a new treatment modality, possibly producing superior normal tissue sparing to conventional proton therapy, leading to improvements in patient outcomes. However, an effective and convenient beam generation method for pMBRT, capable of implementing various optimum dose profiles, is essen...
Source: Cancer Control - April 11, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Fardous Reaz Erik Traneus Niels Bassler Source Type: research
