Report Finds VA ’s Prescribing of Benzodiazepines to Homeless ‘Risky,’ ‘Inappropriate’
Homeless veterans with mental illness who use Veterans Affairs (VA) health services are less likely to receive prescriptions for benzodiazepines than those with mental illness who are not homeless, according to areport published this week inPsychiatric Services. When homeless veterans are prescribed benzodiazepines, however, they appear more likely than their peers to receive prescriptions that put them at risk for substance use disorder, overdose, and death, the study found.Drug overdose is a leading cause of death among homeless people, and benzodiazepines are often implicated in such overdose deaths, wrote Katherine Koh...
Source: Psychiatr News - November 2, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Tags: alcohol use benzodiazepines death drug use homeless overdose prescribing substance use disorder VA veterans Source Type: research
Postoperative quality of recovery with erector spinae plane block or thoracolumbar interfascial plane block after major spinal surgery: a randomized controlled trial
ConclusionsBoth blocks resulted in similar quality of recovery in the postoperative 24-h period in major spinal surgery and were effective in terms of analgesia. (Source: European Spine Journal)
Source: European Spine Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Contingent administration of typical and biased kappa opioid agonists reduces cocaine and oxycodone choice in a drug vs. food choice procedure in male rhesus monkeys
ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that salvinorin A and triazole 1.1, but not nalfurafine, selectively reduce cocaine and oxycodone self-administration independent of nonspecific effects on behavior, suggesting that G-protein bias does not appear to be a moderating factor in this outcome. Triazole 1.1 represents an important prototypical compound for developing novel KOR agonists as deterrents for prescription opioid abuse. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - October 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Oxycodone withdrawal is associated with increased cocaine self-administration and aberrant accumbens glutamate plasticity in rats
In this study, NAcore GLT-1 protein and glutamate plasticity were measured (via AMPA/NMDA ratio) following SA. Rats acquired SA of both oxycodone and cocaine regardless of sex, and acute oxycodone-induced increase in somatic signs at 22h was positively correlated with cocaine consumption during the cocaine testing phase. Cocaine use following oxycodone SA downregulated GLT-1 and reduced AMPA/NMDA ratios compared to cocaine use following food SA. Further, oxycodone SA alone was associated with reduced AMPA/NMDA ratio. Together, behavioral signs of oxycodone withdrawal may drive cocaine use and further dysregulate NAcore glu...
Source: Neuropharmacology - October 21, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shailesh N Khatri Hanaa Ulangkaya Erin E Maher Safiyah Sadek Mei Hong Andrea M Woodcox William W Stoops Cassandra D Gipson Source Type: research
Oxycodone withdrawal is associated with increased cocaine self-administration and aberrant accumbens glutamate plasticity in rats
In this study, NAcore GLT-1 protein and glutamate plasticity were measured (via AMPA/NMDA ratio) following SA. Rats acquired SA of both oxycodone and cocaine regardless of sex, and acute oxycodone-induced increase in somatic signs at 22h was positively correlated with cocaine consumption during the cocaine testing phase. Cocaine use following oxycodone SA downregulated GLT-1 and reduced AMPA/NMDA ratios compared to cocaine use following food SA. Further, oxycodone SA alone was associated with reduced AMPA/NMDA ratio. Together, behavioral signs of oxycodone withdrawal may drive cocaine use and further dysregulate NAcore glu...
Source: Neuropharmacology - October 21, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shailesh N Khatri Hanaa Ulangkaya Erin E Maher Safiyah Sadek Mei Hong Andrea M Woodcox William W Stoops Cassandra D Gipson Source Type: research
Importance of cytochrome 3A4 and 2D6-mediated drug-drug interactions in oxycodone consumption among older adults hospitalized for hip fracture: a cross-sectional study
This study sought to identify patient characteristics that influence oxycodone administration. A single-center observational study included 355 patients with a hip fracture hospitalized in a geriatric postoperative unit. Composite endpoint based on form, duration, and timing to intake separated patients into three groups: "no oxycodone", "low oxycodone ", and "high oxycodone ". CYP450 interactions were studied based on a composite variable defining the most involved CYP450 pathways between CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. CYP450 interactions with CYP2D6 pathway involved were associated with the risk of "high oxycodone" [odds ratio adjus...
Source: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research - October 20, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Th éodore Decaix Sylvain Gautier Luca Royer Olivier Lapr évote Thomas Tritz Virginie Siguret Laurent Teillet Cyril Sellier Marion P épin Source Type: research
Importance of cytochrome 3A4 and 2D6-mediated drug-drug interactions in oxycodone consumption among older adults hospitalized for hip fracture: a cross-sectional study
This study sought to identify patient characteristics that influence oxycodone administration. A single-center observational study included 355 patients with a hip fracture hospitalized in a geriatric postoperative unit. Composite endpoint based on form, duration, and timing to intake separated patients into three groups: "no oxycodone", "low oxycodone ", and "high oxycodone ". CYP450 interactions were studied based on a composite variable defining the most involved CYP450 pathways between CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. CYP450 interactions with CYP2D6 pathway involved were associated with the risk of "high oxycodone" [odds ratio adjus...
Source: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research - October 20, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Th éodore Decaix Sylvain Gautier Luca Royer Olivier Lapr évote Thomas Tritz Virginie Siguret Laurent Teillet Cyril Sellier Marion P épin Source Type: research
Prevalence of opioid-induced adverse events across opioids commonly used for analgesic treatment in Japan: a multicenter prospective longitudinal study
ConclusionThere was no significant difference in the prevalence of AEs among oxycodone, fentanyl, hydromorphone, and tramadol, which are commonly used for analgesic treatment in Japan. (Source: Supportive Care in Cancer)
Source: Supportive Care in Cancer - October 16, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Effect of oxycodone combined with ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral nerve block on postoperative analgesia in patients with lung cancer undergoing thoracoscopic surgery: protocol for a randomised controlled study
The objective is to investigate the optimal dose of oxycodone for PCIA combined with paravertebral nerve block, to achieve effective multimodal analgesia management in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung cancer lobectomy.
Methods and analysis
This prospective, double-blind, single-centre, parallel-group, superiority study from 7 April 2023 to 31 December 2024 will include 160 participants scheduled for thoracoscopic lobectomy for lung cancer. Participants will be randomly assigned to four groups in a 1:1:1:1 ratio: OCA group (oxycodone: 0.5 mg/kg), OCB group (oxycodone: 1.0 mg/kg), OCC group (oxycodone: 1.5 mg/kg) and ...
Source: BMJ Open - October 16, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Wang, Y., Wu, G., Liu, Z., Wei, X., Feng, H., Su, J., Shi, P. Tags: Open access, Anaesthesia Source Type: research
Adverse Drug Reactions to Opioids: A Study in a National Pharmacovigilance Database
ConclusionPatients treated with opioids experienced ADRs, primarily nausea, dizziness, and vomiting. For those groups of drugs, no significant differences were found between the sexes, except for the vomiting associated with tramadol. In general, ADRs related to opioids presented higher RORs when uncorrected and corrected for sexes and expenditure than other drugs. There was more disproportionate reporting for ADRs concerning abuse, misuse, and medication errors for opioids than other drugs in the Dutch SRS. (Source: Drug Safety)
Source: Drug Safety - October 12, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Comparison of Analgesic Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Transdermal Fentanyl and Oral Oxycodone in Opioid-Na ïve Patients with Cancer Pain
Biol Pharm Bull. 2023;46(10):1444-1450. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00331.ABSTRACTIn Japan, a low-dose transdermal fentanyl (TDF; 0.5 mg) has been approved to address pain in opioid-naïve patients with cancer; however, efficacy and safety data are lacking. To determine the efficacy and safety of TDF, patients with opioid-naïve cancer pain prescribed TDF (0.5 mg/d) and oral oxycodone sustained-release formulation (OXY) 10 mg/d were extracted from electronic medical and nursing records. Overall, 40 and 101 subjects were analyzed in the TDF and OXY groups, respectively. Compared with baseline (median [minimum, maximum]) values, ch...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - October 1, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mariko Kawana Akime Miyasato Miyui Funato Keigo Nagatani Norifumi Suzuki Chiharu Onoda Hidenori Fujimoto Rintaro Ohno Ayuko Kusakabe Mio Kiribayashi Kazuyo Nakamura Masayoshi Kondo Ayumi Ozeki Kousuke Okamoto Hideya Kokubun Source Type: research
Comparison of Analgesic Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Transdermal Fentanyl and Oral Oxycodone in Opioid-Na ïve Patients with Cancer Pain
Biol Pharm Bull. 2023;46(10):1444-1450. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00331.ABSTRACTIn Japan, a low-dose transdermal fentanyl (TDF; 0.5 mg) has been approved to address pain in opioid-naïve patients with cancer; however, efficacy and safety data are lacking. To determine the efficacy and safety of TDF, patients with opioid-naïve cancer pain prescribed TDF (0.5 mg/d) and oral oxycodone sustained-release formulation (OXY) 10 mg/d were extracted from electronic medical and nursing records. Overall, 40 and 101 subjects were analyzed in the TDF and OXY groups, respectively. Compared with baseline (median [minimum, maximum]) values, ch...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - October 1, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mariko Kawana Akime Miyasato Miyui Funato Keigo Nagatani Norifumi Suzuki Chiharu Onoda Hidenori Fujimoto Rintaro Ohno Ayuko Kusakabe Mio Kiribayashi Kazuyo Nakamura Masayoshi Kondo Ayumi Ozeki Kousuke Okamoto Hideya Kokubun Source Type: research
Comparison of Analgesic Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Transdermal Fentanyl and Oral Oxycodone in Opioid-Na ïve Patients with Cancer Pain
Biol Pharm Bull. 2023;46(10):1444-1450. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00331.ABSTRACTIn Japan, a low-dose transdermal fentanyl (TDF; 0.5 mg) has been approved to address pain in opioid-naïve patients with cancer; however, efficacy and safety data are lacking. To determine the efficacy and safety of TDF, patients with opioid-naïve cancer pain prescribed TDF (0.5 mg/d) and oral oxycodone sustained-release formulation (OXY) 10 mg/d were extracted from electronic medical and nursing records. Overall, 40 and 101 subjects were analyzed in the TDF and OXY groups, respectively. Compared with baseline (median [minimum, maximum]) values, ch...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - October 1, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mariko Kawana Akime Miyasato Miyui Funato Keigo Nagatani Norifumi Suzuki Chiharu Onoda Hidenori Fujimoto Rintaro Ohno Ayuko Kusakabe Mio Kiribayashi Kazuyo Nakamura Masayoshi Kondo Ayumi Ozeki Kousuke Okamoto Hideya Kokubun Source Type: research
