Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1093: Effects and Mechanisms of Luteolin, a Plant-Based Flavonoid, in the Prevention of Cancers via Modulation of Inflammation and Cell Signaling Molecules
n Rahmani Luteolin, a flavonoid, is mainly found in various vegetables and fruits, including carrots, cabbages, onions, parsley, apples, broccoli, and peppers. Extensive research in vivo and in vitro has been performed to explore its role in disease prevention and treatment. Moreover, this compound possesses the ability to combat cancer by modulating cell-signaling pathways across various types of cancer. The studies have confirmed that luteolin can inhibit cancer-cell survival and proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, mTOR/PI3K/Akt, STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin, and cell-cycle arrest, and induce apop...
Source: Molecules - February 29, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Saleh A. Almatroodi Ahmad Almatroudi Hajed Obaid A. Alharbi Amjad Ali Khan Arshad Husain Rahmani Tags: Review Source Type: research

Ni3+ ‐Rich Ni/NiOx@C Nanocapsules Below 4 nm Constructed by Low‐Temperature Graphitization of Self‐Assembled Few‐Layer Coordination Polymers toward Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis
This work provides a facile strategy for preparing ultrasmall Ni/NiOx@C nanocapsules based on the mechanism of autocatalysis and self-reduction during one-step thermal decomposition of four-layer Ni-based coordination polymers. And the Ni/NiOx@C nanocapsules exhibit excellent catalytic activity toward alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction affording lower overpotential of 80 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm−2. AbstractLow-cost and eco-friendly Ni/NiO heterojunctions have been theoretically proven to be the ideal candidate for stepwise electrocatalysis of alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction, attributed to the preferre...
Source: Small - February 22, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Jiajia Zhang, Fang Cui, Qinghai Ma, Tieyu Cui Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Correction: Heparanase inhibition as a systemic approach to protect the endothelial glycocalyx and prevent microvascular complications in diabetes
(Source: Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Source: Cardiovascular Diabetology - February 20, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Monica Gamez, Hesham E. Elhegni, Sarah Fawaz, Kwan Ho Ho, Neill W. Campbell, David A. Copland, Karen L. Onions, Matthew J. Butler, Elizabeth J. Wasson, Michael Crompton, Raina D. Ramnath, Yan Qiu, Yu Yamaguchi, Kenton P. Arkill, David O. Bates, Jeremy E. Tags: Correction Source Type: research

The successor representation subserves hierarchical abstraction for goal-directed behavior
by Sven Wientjes, Clay B. Holroyd Humans have the ability to craft abstract, temporally extended and hierarchically organized plans. For instance, when considering how to make spaghetti for dinner, we typically concern ourselves with useful “subgoals” in the task, such as cutting onions, boiling pasta, and cooking a sauce, rather than particulars such as how many cuts to make to the onion, or exactly which muscles to contract. A core question is how such decomposition of a more abstract task into logical subtasks happens in the fir st place. Previous research has shown that humans are sensitive to a form of higher-ord...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - February 20, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Sven Wientjes Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 928: Investigating the Potential of Ghee Precursor-Derived Carbon Nano Onions for Enhancing Interfacial Bonding in Thermoplastic Composites
In this study, we employed a straightforward flame synthesis process to produce carbon soot containing carbon nano onions (CNOs) using easily accessible ghee oil as a precursor. The ghee oil, with a molecular composition rich in more than 50 carbon atoms, served as an effective source for generating CNOs. The synthesized CNO particles underwent comprehensive characterization through high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, providing a detailed account of their physicochemical pr...
Source: Molecules - February 20, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Kailashbalan Periasamy Maryam Darouie Raj Das Akbar A. Khatibi Tags: Article Source Type: research

Synergistic bactericidal effect and mechanism of ultrasound combined with Lauroyl Arginate Ethyl against Salmonella Typhimurium and its application in the preservation of onions
This study elucidated the synergistic antibacterial mechanism of US+LAE and verified the feasibility of bactericidal effect on the surface of onions, providing a theoretical basis for improving the safety of fresh produce in the food industry and to propose a new way to achieve the desired results.PMID:38308880 | DOI:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110611 (Source: International Journal of Food Microbiology)
Source: International Journal of Food Microbiology - February 3, 2024 Category: Food Science Authors: Yajing Kong Xiaolin Cai Yimeng Li Runyang Sun Hui Yang Tongyu Jiang Shuai Cheng Luyi Song Baowei Yang Chunling Zhang Chao Shi Source Type: research

Heparanase inhibition as a systemic approach to protect the endothelial glycocalyx and prevent microvascular complications in diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease which is detrimental to cardiovascular health, often leading to secondary microvascular complications, with huge global health implications. Therapeutic interventions tha... (Source: Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Source: Cardiovascular Diabetology - February 1, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Monica Gamez, Hesham E. Elhegni, Sarah Fawaz, Kwan Ho Ho, Neill W. Campbell, David A. Copland, Karen L. Onions, Matthew J. Butler, Elizabeth J. Wasson, Michael Crompton, Raina D. Ramnath, Yan Qiu, Yu Yamaguchi, Kenton P. Arkill, David O. Bates, Jeremy E. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Changes in the expression of COI1, TIR1, and ERF1 genes and respective MiRNAs in Fusarium basal Rot-Stressed onion
In this study, we first determined FOC tolerance in seven Iranian onion cultivars, two known international onions (Texas Early Grano and Sweet Yellow Spanish), and an Allium species related to the onion (Allium asarence) based on the infection severity. Then, a transcriptional screen was performed by comparing the transcript levels of some pathogen-responsive genes (ERF1, COI1, and TIR1) and their predicted miRNAs in the sensitive (Ghermeze Azarshahr Cv.) and the resistant (A. asarence) onions to determine key genes and their miRNAs involved in the defense responses of onions to FOC. From our results, a difference was foun...
Source: Gene - January 28, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Bita Khansarinejad Farshad Dashti Emanuele Buratti Asghar Mirzaie-Asl Doustmorad Zafari Maurizio Romano Source Type: research

A diet-wide association study for liver cancer risk: findings from a prospective cohort study in Chinese men
AbstractDietary factors have been extensively investigated as possible risk factors for liver cancer, but the evidence is inconclusive. Our study systematically assessed the association between 142 foods and nutrients and liver cancer risk in a Chinese population using a diet-wide association study. Based on data from 59,844 men in the Shanghai Men ’s Health Study (SMHS), we assessed the diet intake by dietary questionnaires. Cox regression was used to quantify the association between each food and nutrient and liver cancer risk. A false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05 was used to select the foods and nutrients for validati...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 10, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Pathogenicity chromosome of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae
Fungal Genet Biol. 2023 Dec 17;170:103860. doi: 10.1016/j.fgb.2023.103860. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (Foc) is the causative agent of Fusarium basal rot disease in onions, which leads to catastrophic global crop production losses. Therefore, the interaction of Foc with its host has been actively investigated, and the pathogen-specific (PS) regions of the British strain Foc_FUS2 have been identified. However, it has not been experimentally determined whether the identified PS region plays a role in pathogenicity. To identify the pathogenicity chromosome in the Japanese strain Foc_TA, we in...
Source: Fungal Genetics and Biology - December 19, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Kosei Sakane Mitsunori Akiyama Sudisha Jogaiah Shin-Ichi Ito Kazunori Sasaki Source Type: research

Pathogenicity chromosome of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae
Fungal Genet Biol. 2023 Dec 17;170:103860. doi: 10.1016/j.fgb.2023.103860. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (Foc) is the causative agent of Fusarium basal rot disease in onions, which leads to catastrophic global crop production losses. Therefore, the interaction of Foc with its host has been actively investigated, and the pathogen-specific (PS) regions of the British strain Foc_FUS2 have been identified. However, it has not been experimentally determined whether the identified PS region plays a role in pathogenicity. To identify the pathogenicity chromosome in the Japanese strain Foc_TA, we in...
Source: Fungal Genetics and Biology - December 19, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Kosei Sakane Mitsunori Akiyama Sudisha Jogaiah Shin-Ichi Ito Kazunori Sasaki Source Type: research

Effects of different levels of dried onion powder on nutrient digestibility, biochemical parameters, and nitrogen balance in Wistar albino rats with induced hyperuricemia
Conclusion: In conclusion, a significantly lower uric acid level was observed in rats fed with HOT2 diet. Based on the ratio of the surface area (human/rat), the best recommended dose of onion for the incidence and prevention of hyperuricemia is 189.95 g, corresponding to the dose of 204 mg/day of quercetin in humans. (Source: Frontiers in Physiology)
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 4, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Production of polyhydroxybutyrate by coupled saccharification-fermentation of inulin
Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. 2023 Nov 25. doi: 10.1007/s00449-023-02953-7. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInulin is a fructose-based polysaccharide that can be found in several plant species, from grass and onions to chicory roots; thus, it has the potential to be an excellent renewable source of fructose for several industrial applications. Among them, inulin hydrolysis can be coupled to a fermentation operation to produce polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) using Cupriavidus necator H16. This work reports the PHB production process involving chicory root inulin hydrolysis using inulinase Novozym 960 followed by a C. necator fermentation...
Source: Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - November 25, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Fernando Guzm án-Lagunes Lorena Mart ínez-dlCruz Phavit Wongsirichot James Winterburn Carmina Montiel Source Type: research

Production of polyhydroxybutyrate by coupled saccharification-fermentation of inulin
Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. 2023 Nov 25. doi: 10.1007/s00449-023-02953-7. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInulin is a fructose-based polysaccharide that can be found in several plant species, from grass and onions to chicory roots; thus, it has the potential to be an excellent renewable source of fructose for several industrial applications. Among them, inulin hydrolysis can be coupled to a fermentation operation to produce polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) using Cupriavidus necator H16. This work reports the PHB production process involving chicory root inulin hydrolysis using inulinase Novozym 960 followed by a C. necator fermentation...
Source: Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - November 25, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Fernando Guzm án-Lagunes Lorena Mart ínez-dlCruz Phavit Wongsirichot James Winterburn Carmina Montiel Source Type: research