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Using Mechanical Turk in Study of Individual Innovation
Innovation is typically studied within businesses, but other sectors of the economy, such as governments and the household sector, can also undertake innovation activity. In order to fully understand innovation at the economy and society level, innovation must be understood beyond the business sector. However, there are numerous challenges to understanding non-business innovation. Individual innovation in particular is assumed to be relatively rare in the general population and thus expensive to measure using probability-based samples. At the same time, relatively few studies have examined individual innovation using non-p...
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - March 31, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

Federal Funds Vol. 70 Survey Descriptions
Survey descriptions for the Fed Funds vol. 70 ( FYs 2020& 2021 ) (Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources)
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - March 24, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

Driven by Stimulus Funding, Federal R & D Obligations Increased 18 % in 2020 ; Largest Year-to-Year Change since 1963
Federal obligations for research and experimental development rose nearly 18 % from FY 2019 to FY 2020, reaching $ 167.4 billion. This is the largest annual increase in current dollars since 1963. Obligations for research and experimental development from stimulus funding totaled $ 19.5 billion. These data are from the latest edition of the Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development, sponsored by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the National Science Foundation. (Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources)
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - March 24, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

Baccalaureate Origins of U.S. Research Doctorate Recipients
Baccalaureate education can play a significant role in influencing the higher education of research doctorate recipients. Despite most doctoral students per capita in the United States earning research doctorates from institutions in the Carnegie Classification group R1 : doctoral universities or foreign institutions, more graduates from Carnegie class of baccalaureate colleges : arts and sciences focus than their peers at other Carnegie class of institutions earn a doctoral degree in science and engineering ( S&E ) . Using institutional-yield ratio and doctoral-yield ratio, this InfoBrief examines the top baccalaureate-or...
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - March 14, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

Federal Scientists and Engineers
Visualization from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics presents trends in the federal employment of scientists and engineers by occupation, agency, and age. Data are from the Office of Personnel Management. (Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources)
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - March 9, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation
Governments, academia, and business all contribute to the interrelated system of invention, knowledge transfer, and innovation. Patenting activities — an indicator of invention — are increasingly international, with middle-income countries increasing their share of patents granted worldwide. Trademark registrations, an indicator of innovation, dropped 9 % in 2020 after a decade of growth — a sign of the economic disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Global venture capital investment continued a trend of growth in 2020. The share of this investment to firms headquartered in the United States dropped to 47 % in 2...
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - March 8, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

Annual Business Survey : 2019 ( Data Year 2018 )
The detailed tables in this report present data from the 2019 Annual Business Survey ( ABS ) ( data year 2018 ) . The ABS is the primary source of data on research and development of for profit, nonfarm businesses with one to nine employees operating in the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. The ABS also collects data on innovation, technology, intellectual property, and business owner characteristics of business of all sizes. The survey is conducted annually by the Census Bureau for the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the National Science Foundation. (Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S...
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - March 4, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

Sizable Growth in Federal Budget Authority for R & D Evident for the FYs 2017 – 21 Period ; Further Increase Proposed for FY 2022
New data indicate that the federal budget authority for research and development and R&D plant totaled an estimated $ 165.6 billion in FY 2021, more than $ 4 billion less than the FY 2020 total. In contrast, the president ’ s proposed budget for the federal government in FY 2022 calls for $ 179.4 billion in funding, a $ 13 billion increase from the previous year. This follows the broad trend from FYs 2017 – 21 of sizeable annual increases. Data on the federal budget authority come from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the National Science Foundation. (Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Sc...
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - March 3, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

National Survey of College Graduates : 2019
The National Survey of College Graduates, conducted by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the National Science Foundation, provides data on the characteristics of the nation ' s college graduates, with a focus on those in the science and engineering workforce. This survey is a unique source for examining the relationship between degree field and occupation, as well as examining other characteristics of college-educated individuals, including work activities, salary, and demographic information. (Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources)
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - February 25, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

National Patterns of R & D Resources : 2019-20 Data Update
This report provides current data on the levels of and key trends in the performance and funding of research and development in the United States, with comparisons to the historical record ( back to 1953 ) . Detailed statistical tables present data on U.S. R&D expenditures by performing sector, source of funds, type of R&D, and state. Data are drawn from six surveys from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the National Science Foundation. (Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources)
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - February 22, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

Higher Education in Science and Engineering
examines U.S. trends within a global context. It discusses degree awards, certificates, student demographics, cost, and debt. S&E degrees continue to increase both in numbers and as shares of total degrees. Representation of women among S&E degree recipients varies by field, and several demographic groups remain underrepresented in S&E degree attainment. The United States awards the most S&E doctorates and is the most popular destination for international students, but international enrollment declined sharply in fall 2020 due to COVID-19. (Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources)
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - February 22, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

Master Government List of Federally Funded R & D Centers : FY 2022
Annual update to the Government Master List of FFRDCs. (Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources)
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - February 16, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

One-Fourth of Federal Obligations for R & D Are Directed to Two States : California and Maryland
How do federal obligations across the country differ by region ? Which federal agencies are the largest funders of research and development in the respective states ? How are R&D obligations directed to different types of performers of R&D within a state ? The answers to these and other questions can be found in the statistics from the Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development, conducted by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the National Science Foundation. (Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources)
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - February 16, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

Science and Engineering Degrees Awarded to Women by Citizenship in 2019
Latest visualizations from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics using data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS ) to compare the shares of science and engineering degrees earned by women who are citizens or permanent residents with those who are temporary visa holders. (Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources)
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - February 16, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news

Universities Report Growth in U.S. Citizen and Permanent Resident Enrollment along with Declines in Enrollment of Temporary Visa Holders at Master ’ s and Doctoral Levels Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic
The Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering ( GSS ) , sponsored by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the National Science Foundation and by the National Institutes of Health, collects data on master ’ s and doctoral students, postdoctoral appointees ( postdocs ) , and doctorate-level nonfaculty researchers ( NFRs ) in science, engineering, and health-related fields at U. S. academic institutions. To understand the COVID-19 pandemic ’ s effect on U.S. academic institutions ’ policies, the 2020 GSS included a COVID Impact Module, which asked questions ab...
Source: NSF - Statistics on U.S. Science and Engineering Resources - January 21, 2022 Category: Statistics Source Type: news