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Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 801: Cholangiocarcinoma: Recent Advances in Molecular Pathobiology and Therapeutic Approaches
Sarinya Kongpetch Apinya Jusakul Bin Tean Teh Jason Yongsheng Chan Jing Han Hong Cholangiocarcinomas (CCA) pose a complex challenge in oncology due to diverse etiologies, necessitating tailored therapeutic approaches. This review discusses the risk factors, molecular pathology, and current therapeutic options for CCA and explores the emerging strategies encompassing targeted therapies, immunotherapy, novel compounds from natural sources, and modulation of gut microbiota. CCA are driven by an intricate landscape of genetic mutations, epigenetic dysregulation, and post-transcriptional modification, which differ...
Source: Cancers - February 16, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Divya Khosla Shagun Misra Pek Lim Chu Peiyong Guan Ritambhra Nada Rajesh Gupta Khwanta Kaewnarin Tun Kiat Ko Hong Lee Heng Vijay Kumar Srinivasalu Rakesh Kapoor Deepika Singh Poramate Klanrit Somponnat Sampattavanich Jing Tan Sarinya Kongpetch Apinya Jusa Tags: Review Source Type: research

Prehabilitation for Patients with Cancer Undergoing Radiation Therapy: a Scoping Review
CONCLUSION: Prehabilitation is adaptive and tailored to specific patient and site needs; thus it is applied across a wide range of cancer sites. More interventions by which radiation therapy is the definitive treatment modality and larger sample sizes within these studies are warranted to increase prehabilitation utilisation for patients undergoing radiation therapy.PMID:38350785 | DOI:10.1016/j.clon.2024.02.002 (Source: Clinical Lung Cancer)
Source: Clinical Lung Cancer - February 13, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: E Harris L Marignol Source Type: research

Patterns of Failure Following Preoperative Chemotherapy and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy and Resection for Patients with Borderline Resectable or Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
ConclusionsFollowing preoperative chemotherapy and SBRT, locoregional failure outside of the target volume occurred in 3 of 5 recurrences; ENI was associated with improved LRC and LRRFS. Further studies are necessary to define the optimal techniques for preoperative radiation therapy. (Source: Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer)
Source: Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer - February 13, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Total Neoadjuvant Therapy for Rectal Cancer
The treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer has traditionally included sequenced multimodal therapy including radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery. The relative contribution of each and the order of treatments have evolved over the years. By the early twenty-first century, there was widespread use of the German Rectal Cancer Trial approach: preoperative chemoradiation, followed by standardized surgery including total mesorectal excision, and finally adjuvant chemotherapy. Recent advances have defined the superiority of moving the chemotherapy into the preoperative setting. This approach, termed total neoadjuvant ther...
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - February 12, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Arthur G. Affleck, Daniel Herzig Source Type: research

Inetetamab combined with pyrotinib and chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer brain metastasis: A case report
CONCLUSION: Inetetamab combined with small molecule TKI drugs, chemotherapy and radiation may be an effective regimen for maintaining stable disease in patients with BCBM.PMID:38322469 | PMC:PMC10841958 | DOI:10.12998/wjcc.v12.i3.575 (Source: Clinical Breast Cancer)
Source: Clinical Breast Cancer - February 7, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Qing-Qing Dou Ting-Ting Sun Guo-Qiang Wang Wei-Bing Tong Source Type: research

Inetetamab combined with pyrotinib and chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer brain metastasis: A case report
CONCLUSION: Inetetamab combined with small molecule TKI drugs, chemotherapy and radiation may be an effective regimen for maintaining stable disease in patients with BCBM.PMID:38322469 | PMC:PMC10841958 | DOI:10.12998/wjcc.v12.i3.575 (Source: Clinical Genitourinary Cancer)
Source: Clinical Genitourinary Cancer - February 7, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Qing-Qing Dou Ting-Ting Sun Guo-Qiang Wang Wei-Bing Tong Source Type: research

Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy for Initially Resectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Queen's Gambit or CheckMate?
A 72-year-old man was found to have a 4.3-cm mass in the left upper lobe on computed tomography. He is a current smoker with a smoking history of 25 pack-years. Positron emission tomography revealed the avid lung mass and mild uptake in the ipsilateral hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes. Biopsy of the mass revealed adenocarcinoma. Biopsies of stations 4, 7, 10, and 11 via endobronchial ultrasound were negative. Station 5 lymph node was biopsied via mediastinoscopy and was positive for adenocarcinoma. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - February 7, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Alyssa Farley, Bailey Nelson Tags: Gray Zone Source Type: research

Don't Wait, Consolidate!
This case presents a clinical dilemma that will become more prevalent as the use of neoadjuvant treatment strategies increases.1 Responses to chemoimmunotherapy can be dramatic; however, it should be noted from CheckMate 816 that radiologic complete response (CR) is rare ( ∼1%-2% of patients), and the overall rate of true pathologic CR is low (23% of patients with stage IIIA disease).2 (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - February 7, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Niema B. Razavian, Michael Farris Tags: Gray Zone Source Type: research

A Pawn's Sacrifice: Go for the Win
Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy with immunotherapy (IO) before surgery is a standard,12 there is no standard at this time to recommend systemic therapy alone for local disease. Thus, local consolidation with radiation therapy (RT) should be offered with no further role for chemotherapy. Ideally, RT would start after an adequate recovery period from what seems to be grade 2 pneumonitis. In the PACIFIC-6 trial,3 primarily older patients (>65) received sequential chemotherapy then RT (followed by adjuvant durvalumab), which portended a favorable toxicity profile and favorable efficacy. (Source: International Journal of Radi...
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - February 7, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Andrew J. Hunt, Neil B. Newman Tags: Gray Zone Source Type: research

The recovery of intestinal barrier function and changes in oral microbiota after radiation therapy injury
This study aims to analyze the levels of immunoglobulin SIgA, inflammatory factors, lymphocyte subsets quantity, and proportion in surgical specimens of intestinal mucosa at different time intervals after radiotherapy, in order to seek investigation for the optimal surgical time after radiotherapy and to provide evidence for finding probiotics or immunomodulators through high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16s rRNA in patients' saliva microbiota. Ultimately, this may provide new ideas for reducing perioperative complications caused by radiotherapy-induced intestinal damage.MethodsWe selected intestinal mucosal tissue a...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 7, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Surgical and non-surgical interventions for primary and salvage treatment of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas in adults
CONCLUSIONS: Within the context of GH-secreting pituitary adenomas, patient-relevant outcomes, such as disease-related complications, adverse events and disease recurrence were not, or only sparsely, reported. When reported, we found that surgery may have little or no effect on the outcomes compared to the comparator treatment. The current evidence is limited by the small number of included studies, as well as the unclear risk of bias in most studies. The high uncertainty of evidence significantly limits the applicability of our findings to clinical practice. Detailed reporting on the burden of recurrent disease is an impo...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - February 6, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Lisa Caulley Jason G Quinn Mary-Anne Doyle Fahad Alkherayf Maria-Inti Metzendorf Shaun Kilty M G Myriam Hunink Source Type: research

Dosimetric advantages for cardiac substructures in radiotherapy of esophageal cancer in deep-inspiration breath hold
ConclusionRadiotherapy in DIBH could provide a method to reduce the radiation dose to the left ventricle and coronaries, which could reduce the cardiac toxicity of the modality. (Source: Strahlentherapie und Onkologie)
Source: Strahlentherapie und Onkologie - February 5, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Platelet-to-albumin ratio and radiation-induced lymphopenia-prognostic biomarker for carcinoma esophagus
CONCLUSION: Present analysis found a trend toward an inverse association between PAR and OS. PAR, in the not-so-distant future, may evolve as a novel, convenient, and inexpensive prognostic indicator in esophageal cancer.PMID:38311646 | DOI:10.1186/s43046-024-00208-4 (Source: J Egypt Natl Canc In...)
Source: J Egypt Natl Canc In... - February 4, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Adrija Ghosh Abhilash Dagar Ram Pukar Bharat Jaswin Raj Dyuti Shah Jyoti Sharma Akash Kumar Pritee A Patil Aman Sharma Dayanand Sharma Supriya Mallick Source Type: research

Early change in apparent diffusion coefficient as a predictor of response to neoadjuvant androgen deprivation and external beam radiation therapy for intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer
CONCLUSION: This pilot study demonstrates the potential for early ADC metrics as a biomarker of response to nADT and EBRT in intermediate to high-risk PCA.PMID:38302377 | DOI:10.1016/j.crad.2023.12.022 (Source: Clinical Prostate Cancer)
Source: Clinical Prostate Cancer - February 1, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: F B Franco J E Leeman A Fedorov M Vangel F M Fennessy Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 586: Anatomical Quantitative Volumetric Evaluation of Liver Segments in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated with Selective Internal Radiation Therapy: Key Parameters Influencing Untreated Liver Hypertrophy
Conclusion: Liver function (preserved baseline and stable post-SIRT) favored uLV hypertrophy. Younger patients, smaller baseline spleen volume, higher administered 90Y activity, and a larger amount of treated liver were associated with a higher degree of untreated liver hypertrophy. These factors should be considered in surgical candidates undergoing neoadjuvant SIRT. (Source: Cancers)
Source: Cancers - January 30, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Rapha ël Girardet Jean-Fran çois Knebel Clarisse Dromain Naik Vietti Violi Georgia Tsoumakidou Nicolas Villard Alban Denys Nermin Halkic Nicolas Demartines Kosuke Kobayashi Antonia Digklia Niklaus Schaefer John O. Prior Sarah Boughdad Rafael Duran Tags: Article Source Type: research