Evaluating olfactory function and quality of life in patients with traumatic brain injury
Key points
Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) had worse olfactory quality of life (QoL) and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 scores compared to a normal cohort.
A worse olfactory QoL correlated with concussion symptom burden.
Olfactory dysfunction among TBI patients should be addressed to improve overall outcomes. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - April 15, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Amelia S. Lawrence,
Rahul Alapati,
Sarah F. Wagoner,
Antonio Bon Nieves,
Cole Bird,
Robert Wright,
Shah Jafri,
Michael Rippee,
Jennifer A. Villwock Tags: RESEARCH NOTE Source Type: research
Impact assessment of mandatory safety device installation for gas stoves
AbstractNumerous fire accidents have occurred in Japan owing to food overheating when cooking on gas stoves because users left the cooking area unattended. In response, authorities enacted a legal revision mandating temperature sensor installation on gas stove burners. Nevertheless, the actual effectiveness of this measure remains uncertain. Furthermore, prior studies have raised concerns about the efficacy of specific safety standards for consumer products owing to insufficient evidence of reduction in accidents. Consequently, this study seeks to assess the impact of the standards revision implemented in 2008, requiring t...
Source: Risk Analysis - April 15, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Shunsuke Saito,
Hironobu Kawamura Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Bayesian modeling of spatially differentiated multivariate enamel defects of the children ’s primary maxillary central incisor teeth
The analysis of dental caries has been a major focus of recent work on modeling dental defect data. While a dental caries focus is of major importance in dental research, the examination of developmental defec... (Source: BMC Medical Research Methodology)
Source: BMC Medical Research Methodology - April 15, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Everette P. Keller, Andrew B. Lawson, Carol L. Wagner and Susan G. Reed Tags: Research Source Type: research
The impact of scaffolded and non-scaffolded suicidal virtual human interaction training on clinician emotional self-awareness, empathic communication, and clinical efficacy
Clinicians working with patients at risk of suicide often experience high stress, which can result in negative emotional responses (NERs). Such negative emotional responses may lead to less empathic communicat... (Source: BMC Medical Education)
Source: BMC Medical Education - April 15, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Heng Yao, Alexandre Gomes de Siqueira, Megan L. Rogers, Sarah Bloch-Elkouby, Olivia Lawrence, Giuseppe Sarli, Adriana Foster, Serge A. Mitelman, Igor Galynker and Benjamin Lok Tags: Research Source Type: research
Using an ecological model of health behaviour to identify factors associated with smoking behaviour among Buddhist novices in Thailand: a cross-sectional digital survey
Conclusion
The findings of this study support the development of comprehensive intervention programmes that address the multiple factors to prevent Buddhist novices from smoking. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 15, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Benjakul, S., Nakju, S., Thitavisiddho (Wongsai), W., Junjula, T. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research
Systematic RADaR analysis of responses to the open-ended question in the Culture of Care Barometer survey of a Dutch hospital
Conclusions
Analysing responses to the open-ended question in the CoCB-NL led to new insights into relevant elements of the work environment and missing themes in the COCB-NL. Moreover, the analysis revealed important themes that not only require attention from healthcare organisations to ensure adequate improvements in their employees’ work environment but should also be considered to further develop the CoCB-NL. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 15, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Maassen, S. M., Spruit-van Bentvelzen, L., Weggelaar-Jansen, A. M. J. W. M., Vermeulen, H., Oostveen, C. J. v. Tags: Open access, Qualitative research Source Type: research
The utility of direct questions about actions with the hands in child forensic interviews.
This study evaluated the utility of asking direct hands questions (“what did he do with his hands” and “what did you do with your hands”) during forensic interviews with 197 five- to 17-year-old children disclosing sexual abuse. Interviewers had been previously trained to engage children in narrative practice, maximize their use of invitations and directives, and minimize their use of option-posing questions. We examined the extent to which direct hands questions elicited novel information about force, duress, resistance, and the nature of touch and body mechanics. Fifty-nine percent of children’s responses to th...
Source: Psychology, Public Policy, and Law - April 15, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Evaluating the effectiveness of a 5-day training on science-based methods of interrogation with U.S. federal, state, and local law enforcement investigators.
Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, Vol 30(2), May 2024, 105-120; doi:10.1037/law0000422As accusatorial approaches to interrogation in the United States have increasingly come under scrutiny, interest in science-based methods of interviewing and interrogation has risen. The purpose of the current study was to assess the effectiveness of a 5-day science-based interrogation course delivered by the High-Value Detainee Interrogation Group to U.S. federal, local, and state law enforcement investigators. Core aspects of the training included the use of productive questions, developing interrogator–suspect rapport, and conducti...
Source: Psychology, Public Policy, and Law - April 15, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
The limited value of machine learning approach to improving predictive performance: The Ministry of Justice Case Assessment Tool.
This study aims to improve the predictive performance of existing risk assessment tools and the predictive validity of the original Ministry of Justice Case Assessment Tool (MJCA) concerning recidivism rates using machine learning (ML) and examine whether the tool’s predictive performance can be improved. With follow-up data on 5,942 individuals in Japanese Juvenile Assessment Centers, the study uses ML methods, such as the K-nearest neighbor algorithm, support vector machine, random forest, gradient boosting tree, and multilayer perceptron, to improve the MJCA’s prediction power. The results show that the predictive v...
Source: Psychology, Public Policy, and Law - April 15, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Ethical and Legal Aspects in the Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder
FOCUS,Volume 22, Issue 2, Page 184-188, Spring 2024. (Source: FOCUS)
Source: FOCUS - April 15, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jacob M. Appel Source Type: research
Implementing a Holistic Review Process for Psychiatry Residency Screening and Interviewing
FOCUS,Volume 22, Issue 2, Page 175-179, Spring 2024. (Source: FOCUS)
Source: FOCUS - April 15, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Anaheed Shirazi Allison Cabrera Sahana Malik Lawrence Malak Kristin Cadenhead Source Type: research
An Update on Brain Death/Death by Neurologic Criteria since the World Brain Death Project
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786020The World Brain Death Project (WBDP) is a 2020 international consensus statement that provides historical background and recommendations on brain death/death by neurologic criteria (BD/DNC) determination. It addresses 13 topics including: (1) worldwide variance in BD/DNC, (2) the science of BD/DNC, (3) the concept of BD/DNC, (4) minimum clinical criteria for BD/DNC determination, (5) beyond minimum clinical BD/DNC determination, (6) pediatric and neonatal BD/DNC determination, (7) BD/DNC determination in patients on ECMO, (8) BD/DNC determination after treatment with targeted tempera...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - April 15, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Lewis, Ariane Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Forensic Psychiatry Education in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (CAP) Fellowship: Results from a Multi-site Survey
ConclusionsChild and adolescent psychiatrists must gain a clear understanding of the essential components of CAP forensic psychiatry during CAP fellowship, to mitigate discomfort when interacting with the legal system and meet the rising need for forensic CAP expertise across systems and structures impacting youth populations. (Source: Academic Psychiatry)
Source: Academic Psychiatry - April 15, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Recreational Cannabis Legalization and Adolescents
This cross-sectional study using survey datasets evaluates recreational cannabis legalization and retail sales policies and adolescent substance use through 2021. (Source: JAMA Pediatrics)
Source: JAMA Pediatrics - April 15, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Ophthalmic features of Lamb-Shaffer syndrome: a case series
We present a case series of 6 pediatric patients with LSS and describe its ophthalmic manifestations. Strabismus was present in 5 patients, with exotropia being most common. All subjects had significant refractive errors; 5 had astigmatism of at least 2 D. All patients had optic nerve abnormalities, including pallor (4), hypoplasia (2), and anomalous appearance (1), with retinal nerve fiber layer thinning demonstrated in a single subject. (Source: Journal of AAPOS)
Source: Journal of AAPOS - April 15, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Yoav Glidai, Moe H. Aung, Jane Edmond, Linda Lawrence, G. Vike Vicente, Sylvia R. Kodsi Tags: Short Report Source Type: research
