Hepatocellular carcinoma immune microenvironment and check point inhibitors-current status
World J Hepatol. 2024 Mar 27;16(3):353-365. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.353.ABSTRACTHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary tumor of the liver and has a high mortality rate. The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system in addition to tumor staging also links the modality of treatment available to a particular stage. The recent description of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in HCC has provided a new concept of immunogenicity within the HCC. Virus-related HCC has been shown to be more immunogenic with higher expression of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and decreased elements for immunosuppression such as regulato...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Tarana Gupta Nikhil Sai Jarpula Source Type: research
Palliative long-term abdominal drains < em > vs < /em > large volume paracenteses for the management of refractory ascites in end-stage liver disease
CONCLUSION: The use of LTAD in the management of refractory ascites in palliated end-stage liver disease is effective, safe, and may reduce hospital admissions and utilisation of healthcare resources compared to LVP.PMID:38577536 | PMC:PMC10989306 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.428 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Senamjit Kaur Rodrigo V Motta Bryony Chapman Victoria Wharton Jane D Collier Francesca Saffioti Source Type: research
Advances in discovery of novel investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B: A comprehensive review of phases II and III therapeutic agents
World J Hepatol. 2024 Mar 27;16(3):331-343. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.331.ABSTRACTChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects over 295 million people globally and an estimated 1.6 million people in the United States. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer. Antiviral therapy with oral nucleos(t)ide analogues is associated with high rates of virologic suppression, which in turn has been associated with a decreased risk of liver complications. However, current antiviral regimens are limited by concerns with adverse effects, adherence, resistance, long-te...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Robert Lam Joseph K Lim Source Type: research
Comparison of fungal < em > vs < /em > bacterial infections in the medical intensive liver unit: Cause or corollary for high mortality?
CONCLUSION: Mortality was worse among patients with fungal infections, likely attributable to severe ACLF development. Prospective studies examining empiric antifungals in severe ACLF and associations between fungal infections and transplant outcomes are critical.PMID:38577538 | PMC:PMC10989308 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.379 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Sarah Khan Hanna Hong Stephanie Bass Yifan Wang Xiao-Feng Wang Omar T Sims Christine E Koval Aanchal Kapoor Christina C Lindenmeyer Source Type: research
Update in lean metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
CONCLUSION: MASLD is a complex disease comprising epigenetic, genetic, and metabolic factors in its pathogenesis. Results vary across populations, gender, and age. Limited data exists on clinical practice guidelines for lean patients. Future studies employing this new nomenclature can contribute to standardizing and generalizing results among lean patients with steatotic liver disease.PMID:38577539 | PMC:PMC10989317 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.452 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Karina Sato-Espinoza Perapa Chotiprasidhi Mariella R Huaman Javier D íaz-Ferrer Source Type: research
Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in end-stage liver disease: A meta-analysis
CONCLUSION: Increased NLR in patients with ESLD is associated with a higher risk of mortality, particularly in Asian patients. NLR is a useful prognostic biomarker in patients with ESLD.PMID:38577540 | PMC:PMC10989309 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.477 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Xiang-Hao Cai Yun-Ming Tang Shu-Ru Chen Jia-Hui Pang Yu-Tian Chong Hong Cao Xin-Hua Li Source Type: research
Retrospective study of the incidence, risk factors, treatment outcomes of bacterial infections at uncommon sites in cirrhotic patients
CONCLUSION: Atypical BIs in cirrhosis patients exhibit a distinct spectrum and are associated with more advanced stages of the disease. Hence, the work-up of cirrhosis patients with suspected BI requires detailed work-up to elucidate whether typical BI can be identified.PMID:38577541 | PMC:PMC10989312 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.418 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Sophie Schneitler Christina Schneider Markus Casper Frank Lammert Marcin Krawczyk S ören L Becker Matthias Christian Reichert Source Type: research
Influence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on response to antiviral treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B: A meta-analysis
CONCLUSION: Hepatic steatosis lowers the biochemical response to antiviral treatment in patients with CHB.PMID:38577526 | PMC:PMC10989305 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.465 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Shi-Yi Liu Dian Wang Jing Liu Lu-Ping Yang Gong-Ying Chen Source Type: research
Protein succinylation, hepatic metabolism, and liver diseases
World J Hepatol. 2024 Mar 27;16(3):344-352. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.344.ABSTRACTSuccinylation is a highly conserved post-translational modification that is processed via enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms. Succinylation exhibits strong effects on protein stability, enzyme activity, and transcriptional regulation. Protein succinylation is extensively present in the liver, and increasing evidence has demonstrated that succinylation is closely related to hepatic metabolism. For instance, histone acetyltransferase 1 promotes liver glycolysis, and the sirtuin 5-induced desuccinylation is involved in the regulation of the h...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Shuang Liu Rui Li Ya-Wen Sun Hai Lin Hai-Fang Li Source Type: research
Amebic liver abscess: An update
World J Hepatol. 2024 Mar 27;16(3):316-330. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.316.ABSTRACTAmebic liver abscess (ALA) is still a common problem in the tropical world, where it affects over three-quarters of patients with liver abscess. It is caused by an anaerobic protozoan Entamoeba hystolytica, which primarily colonises the cecum. It is a non-suppurative infection of the liver consisting primarily of dead hepatocytes and cellular debris. People of the male gender, during their reproductive years, are most prone to ALA, and this appears to be due to a poorly mounted immune response linked to serum testosterone levels. ALA is more co...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ramesh Kumar Rishabh Patel Rajeev Nayan Priyadarshi Ruchika Narayan Tanmoy Maji Utpal Anand Jinit R Soni Source Type: research
Comprehensive prognostic and immune analysis of sterol O-acyltransferase 1 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate that SOAT1 may serve as a novel target for HCC treatment, which is helpful for the development of new strategies for immunotherapy and metabolic therapy.PMID:38577529 | PMC:PMC10989313 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.439 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Chang-Jiao Gan Yue Zheng Bin Yang Li-Min Cao Source Type: research
Prediction model for hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B with peginterferon-alfa treated based on a response-guided therapy strategy
CONCLUSION: We successfully established a predictive model and diagnosis-treatment process using the RGT strategy to predict HBeAg and HBsAg seroconversion in patients with HBeAg-positive CHB undergoing PEG-IFNα therapy.PMID:38577530 | PMC:PMC10989310 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.405 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Pei-Xin Zhang Xiao-Wei Zheng Ya-Fei Zhang Jun Ye Wei Li Qian-Qian Tang Jie Zhu Gui-Zhou Zou Zhen-Hua Zhang Source Type: research
Associations of < em > PNPLA3 < /em > and < em > LEP < /em > genetic polymorphisms with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease in Thai people living with human immunodeficiency virus
CONCLUSION: The current study shows an association between PNPLA3 rs738409 and LEP rs7799039 with MAFLD in PLWH.PMID:38577531 | PMC:PMC10989307 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.366 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Kanuengnit Choochuay Punna Kunhapan Apichaya Puangpetch Sissades Tongsima Pornpen Srisawasdi Abhasnee Sobhonslidsuk Somnuek Sungkanuparph Mohitosh Biswas Chonlaphat Sukasem Source Type: research
Is there a need for universal double reflex testing of HBsAg-positive individuals for hepatitis D infection?
World J Hepatol. 2024 Mar 27;16(3):300-303. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.300.ABSTRACTHepatitis D virus (HDV) can infect HBsAg-positive individuals, causing rapid fibrosis progression, early decompensation, increased hepatocellular carcinoma risk, and higher mortality than hepatitis B virus (HBV) mono-infection. Most countries lack high-quality HDV prevalence data, and the collection techniques employed often bias published data. In recent meta-analyses, HDV prevalence in HBsAg-positive patients reaches 5%-15% and is even significantly higher in endemic areas. Since HBV vaccination programs were implemented, HDV prevalence has d...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Zaigham Abbas Minaam Abbas Source Type: research
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and sleep disorders
World J Hepatol. 2024 Mar 27;16(3):304-315. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.304.ABSTRACTStudies have shown that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may be associated with sleep disorders. In order to explore the explicit relationship between the two, we systematically reviewed the effects of sleep disorders, especially obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), on the incidence of NAFLD, and analyzed the possible mechanisms after adjusting for confounding factors. NAFLD is independently associated with sleep disorders. Different sleep disorders may be the cause of the onset and aggravation of NAFLD. An excessive or insufficient sleep du...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Lu-Fang Bu Chong-Yu Xiong Jie-Yi Zhong Yan Xiong Dong-Ming Li Fen-Fang Hong Shu-Long Yang Source Type: research
