Is there a need for universal double reflex testing of HBsAg-positive individuals for hepatitis D infection?
World J Hepatol. 2024 Mar 27;16(3):300-303. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.300.ABSTRACTHepatitis D virus (HDV) can infect HBsAg-positive individuals, causing rapid fibrosis progression, early decompensation, increased hepatocellular carcinoma risk, and higher mortality than hepatitis B virus (HBV) mono-infection. Most countries lack high-quality HDV prevalence data, and the collection techniques employed often bias published data. In recent meta-analyses, HDV prevalence in HBsAg-positive patients reaches 5%-15% and is even significantly higher in endemic areas. Since HBV vaccination programs were implemented, HDV prevalence has d...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Zaigham Abbas Minaam Abbas Source Type: research
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and sleep disorders
World J Hepatol. 2024 Mar 27;16(3):304-315. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.304.ABSTRACTStudies have shown that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may be associated with sleep disorders. In order to explore the explicit relationship between the two, we systematically reviewed the effects of sleep disorders, especially obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), on the incidence of NAFLD, and analyzed the possible mechanisms after adjusting for confounding factors. NAFLD is independently associated with sleep disorders. Different sleep disorders may be the cause of the onset and aggravation of NAFLD. An excessive or insufficient sleep du...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Lu-Fang Bu Chong-Yu Xiong Jie-Yi Zhong Yan Xiong Dong-Ming Li Fen-Fang Hong Shu-Long Yang Source Type: research
Lean body mass index is a marker of advanced tumor features in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
CONCLUSION: Lean patients with cirrhosis and HCC present with larger tumors and are more often outside Milan criteria, reflecting cancer related cachexia from delayed diagnosis. Access to care for hepatitis C virus therapy and liver transplantation confer a survival benefit, but not overweight or obese BMI classifications.PMID:38577534 | PMC:PMC10989303 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.393 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Andrew Scott deLemos Jing Zhao Milin Patel Banks Kooken Karan Mathur Hieu Minh Nguyen Areej Mazhar Maggie McCarter Heather Burney Carla Kettler Naga Chalasani Samer Gawrieh Source Type: research
Hepatocellular carcinoma immune microenvironment and check point inhibitors-current status
World J Hepatol. 2024 Mar 27;16(3):353-365. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.353.ABSTRACTHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary tumor of the liver and has a high mortality rate. The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system in addition to tumor staging also links the modality of treatment available to a particular stage. The recent description of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in HCC has provided a new concept of immunogenicity within the HCC. Virus-related HCC has been shown to be more immunogenic with higher expression of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and decreased elements for immunosuppression such as regulato...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Tarana Gupta Nikhil Sai Jarpula Source Type: research
Palliative long-term abdominal drains < em > vs < /em > large volume paracenteses for the management of refractory ascites in end-stage liver disease
CONCLUSION: The use of LTAD in the management of refractory ascites in palliated end-stage liver disease is effective, safe, and may reduce hospital admissions and utilisation of healthcare resources compared to LVP.PMID:38577536 | PMC:PMC10989306 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.428 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Senamjit Kaur Rodrigo V Motta Bryony Chapman Victoria Wharton Jane D Collier Francesca Saffioti Source Type: research
Advances in discovery of novel investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B: A comprehensive review of phases II and III therapeutic agents
World J Hepatol. 2024 Mar 27;16(3):331-343. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.331.ABSTRACTChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects over 295 million people globally and an estimated 1.6 million people in the United States. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer. Antiviral therapy with oral nucleos(t)ide analogues is associated with high rates of virologic suppression, which in turn has been associated with a decreased risk of liver complications. However, current antiviral regimens are limited by concerns with adverse effects, adherence, resistance, long-te...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Robert Lam Joseph K Lim Source Type: research
Comparison of fungal < em > vs < /em > bacterial infections in the medical intensive liver unit: Cause or corollary for high mortality?
CONCLUSION: Mortality was worse among patients with fungal infections, likely attributable to severe ACLF development. Prospective studies examining empiric antifungals in severe ACLF and associations between fungal infections and transplant outcomes are critical.PMID:38577538 | PMC:PMC10989308 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.379 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Sarah Khan Hanna Hong Stephanie Bass Yifan Wang Xiao-Feng Wang Omar T Sims Christine E Koval Aanchal Kapoor Christina C Lindenmeyer Source Type: research
Update in lean metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
CONCLUSION: MASLD is a complex disease comprising epigenetic, genetic, and metabolic factors in its pathogenesis. Results vary across populations, gender, and age. Limited data exists on clinical practice guidelines for lean patients. Future studies employing this new nomenclature can contribute to standardizing and generalizing results among lean patients with steatotic liver disease.PMID:38577539 | PMC:PMC10989317 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.452 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Karina Sato-Espinoza Perapa Chotiprasidhi Mariella R Huaman Javier D íaz-Ferrer Source Type: research
Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in end-stage liver disease: A meta-analysis
CONCLUSION: Increased NLR in patients with ESLD is associated with a higher risk of mortality, particularly in Asian patients. NLR is a useful prognostic biomarker in patients with ESLD.PMID:38577540 | PMC:PMC10989309 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.477 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Xiang-Hao Cai Yun-Ming Tang Shu-Ru Chen Jia-Hui Pang Yu-Tian Chong Hong Cao Xin-Hua Li Source Type: research
Retrospective study of the incidence, risk factors, treatment outcomes of bacterial infections at uncommon sites in cirrhotic patients
CONCLUSION: Atypical BIs in cirrhosis patients exhibit a distinct spectrum and are associated with more advanced stages of the disease. Hence, the work-up of cirrhosis patients with suspected BI requires detailed work-up to elucidate whether typical BI can be identified.PMID:38577541 | PMC:PMC10989312 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.418 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Sophie Schneitler Christina Schneider Markus Casper Frank Lammert Marcin Krawczyk S ören L Becker Matthias Christian Reichert Source Type: research
Non-invasive assessment of esophageal varices: Status of today
World J Hepatol. 2024 Feb 27;16(2):123-125. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i2.123.ABSTRACTWith increasing burden of compensated cirrhosis, we desperately need non-invasive methods for assessment of clinically significant portal hypertension. The use of liver and spleen stiffness measurement helps in deferring unnecessary endoscopies for low risk esophageal varices. This would reduce cost and patient discomfort. However, these special techniques may not be feasible at remote areas where still we need only biochemical parameters. More prospective studies validating the non-invasive risk prediction models are definitely needed.PMID:384...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - March 18, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Tarana Gupta Source Type: research
Epidemiological survey of cystic echinococcosis in southwest China: From the Qinghai-Tibet plateau to the area of Yunnan
CONCLUSION: Cases of echinococcosis were reported throughout the entire Yunnan province, with the majority distributed in Western Yunnan, suggesting that echinococcosis control should be strengthened in this area. We suggest that an epidemiological investigation should be carried out in the future, based on the clues from newly discovered cases in hospitals or from the CISDCP. The newly discovered cases in the hospital provided clues to comprehensively determine the location of cases and where epidemic spot investigation should be conducted.PMID:38495269 | PMC:PMC10941742 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i2.229 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - March 18, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jin-Rong Zi Dan Xiao Jia Peng Fang-Wei Wu Jian-Xiong Li Xin-Liu Yan Zheng-Qing Wang Xuan Cai Qian Xu Ben-Fu Li Ya-Ming Yang Source Type: research
Predictors of portal vein thrombosis after splenectomy in patients with cirrhosis
CONCLUSION: Wider PVD and MELD score > 10 were independent predictors of PVT at 1 months, 3 months, and 12 months after splenectomy in patient with cirrhosis.PMID:38495270 | PMC:PMC10941749 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i2.241 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - March 18, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ting Li Li-Li Wang Ya-Ping Li Jian Gan Xi-Sheng Wei Xiao-Rong Mao Jun-Feng Li Source Type: research
Yinhuang granule alleviates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice and its mechanism
CONCLUSION: YHG effectively attenuates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in mice by inhibiting the activation of HSCs, reducing inflammation, alleviating liver oxidative stress damage through Nrf2 activation, and promoting liver mitochondrial biogenesis.PMID:38495271 | PMC:PMC10941736 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i2.264 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - March 18, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Hao Ouyang Hui Miao Zhen Li Duan Wu Si-Cheng Gao Yao-Yao Dai Xiao-Di Gao Hai-Sheng Chai Wei-Ye Hu Jun-Feng Zhu Source Type: research
Recent advances in the diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury
World J Hepatol. 2024 Feb 27;16(2):186-192. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i2.186.ABSTRACTDrug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major problem in the United States, commonly leading to hospital admission. Diagnosing DILI is difficult as it is a diagnosis of exclusion requiring a temporal relationship between drug exposure and liver injury and a thorough work up for other causes. In addition, DILI has a very variable clinical and histologic presentation that can mimic many different etiologies of liver disease. Objective scoring systems can assess the probability that a drug caused the liver injury but liver biopsy findings are not pa...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - March 18, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Taqwa Ahmed Jawad Ahmad Source Type: research
