Editorial Board
Publication date: May 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Volume 211Author(s): (Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology)
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - May 11, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Mucosal expression of S100A12 (calgranulin C) and S100A8/A9 (calprotectin) and correlation with serum and fecal concentrations in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy
Publication date: May 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Volume 211Author(s): Romy M. Heilmann, Jasmin Nestler, Jutta Schwarz, Niels Grützner, Andy Ambrus, Johannes Seeger, Jan S. Suchodolski, Jörg M. Steiner, Corinne GurtnerAbstractS100A12 and S100A8/A9 (calprotectin) are released from activated mononuclear cells and belong to the group of damage associated molecular patterns. Fecal S100A12 and S100A8/A9 concentrations have been suggested as biomarkers of intestinal inflammation in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathies (CIE). However, the mucosal cellular infiltrate in dogs with CIE is primari...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - May 7, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Construction and expression of a single-chain variable fragment antibody against chicken DEC 205 for targeting the bacterial expressed hemagglutinin-neuraminidase of Newcastle disease virus
The objective of the current study was the construction and bacterial expression of a recombinant antibody single-chain fragment variable (ScFv) directed against chicken DEC 205, an endocytic receptor, for use in the genetic fusion of antigens. In particular, we use as antigen the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) of Newcastle disease virus. Our results show that inoculation of chickens with HN genetically fused to the ScFv anti-DEC 205 induced an evidently higher immune response against HN, in contrast to inoculation with unconjugated HN. In addition, neutralizing antibodies against Newcastle disease virus were detected on...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - May 7, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Liposomal and CpG-ODN formulation elicits strong humoral immune responses to recombinant Staphylococcus aureus antigens in heifer calves
The objective of this work was to assess the humoral immune response of heifer calves against two recombinant S. aureus antigens: Clumping factor A (ClfA) and Fibronectin Binding Protein A (FnBPA), formulated with a novel adjuvant based on cationic liposomes (Lip) and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN). Six groups of 6-8 months old heifer calves received three doses biweekly of antigens, formulated with Al(OH)3, liposomes, CpG-ODN or Lip + CpG-ODN. Animals also received a fourth dose after a year (day 410) and a booster before calving. The administration of Al(OH)3+FnBPA/ClfA and Lip + FnBPA/ClfA + CpG-ODN ind...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - May 2, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Differential expression of type I interferon mRNA and protein levels induced by virulent Marek's disease virus infection in chickens
In conclusion, our study demonstrated that MDV mostly inhibited the expression of type I IFNs in infected hosts, which may be associated to its pathogenesis. (Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology)
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - May 2, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Alpha-enolase staining patterns in the renal tissues of cats with and without chronic kidney disease
Publication date: Available online 1 May 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Shannon McLeland, Jessica Quimby, Michael R. LappinAbstractRenal α-enolase has variable expression in inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. Therefore, in order to define the distribution of α-enolase in renal tissues of cats, an immunohistochemistry assay was validated and described here. Tissues from 29 cats with IRIS Stage 2 – 4 CKD, 8 control cats < 2 years of age, and 4 control cats> 10 years of age were assessed. Interstitial nephritis was the predominant histopathological finding in the CKD group. The cont...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - May 2, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Toll-Like receptor agonists as adjuvants for inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine
In this study, the adjuvant potential of three different TLR-agonists were compared with an oil-in-water (O/W) adjuvant in combination with inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (iPRRSV) applied by different administration routes: intramuscular (i.m.) or into the skin using dissolving microneedle (DMN) patches. Pigs received a prime vaccination followed by a booster vaccination four weeks later. TLR1/2 (Pam3Cys), TLR7/8 (R848) or TLR9 (CpG ODN) agonists were used as adjuvant in combination with iPRRSV strain 07V063. O/W adjuvant (Montanide™) was used as reference control adjuvant and one group r...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - May 1, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Blood lymphocyte subpopulations in healthy water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis, Mediterranean lineage): reference intervals and influence of age and reproductive history
Publication date: Available online 29 April 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Valeria Martini, Serena Bernardi, Valeria Russo, Jacopo Guccione, Stefano Comazzi, Sante RopertoAbstractThere is an increasing interest toward infectious diseases and mechanisms of immune response of water buffaloes, mainly because of the growing economic impact of this species and of its high-quality milk. However, little is known about the immune system of these animals in physiological conditions.Recently, a wide number of antibodies cross reacting with buffalo antigens has been validated for use in flow cytometry...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - April 29, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Production and active transport of immunoglobulins within the ruminant mammary gland
Publication date: Available online 26 April 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Brad C Hine, Peter W Hunt, Ian G ColditzAbstractThe primary function of the mammary gland is to produce milk to feed the suckling young. In ruminants, ingestion of maternal antibodies in mammary secretions facilitates the transfer of passive immunity from mother to young, providing antibody-mediated immunity to protect the neonate against disease while their own immune system develops. Antibodies in mammary secretions also play a role in protecting the gland itself against infection. Here we provide a brief history o...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - April 28, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Natural and inducible regulatory b cells are widely distributed in ovine lymphoid tissues
Publication date: Available online 19 April 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): S. Jimbo, P.J. Griebel, K. Lai, L.A. Babiuk, G. MutwiriAbstractRegulatory B cells that produce IL-10 are now recognized as an important component of the immune system. We previously confirmed that IL-10 secreting CD21+ regulatory B cells (Breg cells) were present in ovine jejunal Peyer’s patches (JPP) and this IL-10 production suppressed IL-12 and IFN-γ secretion. It is not known, however, whether ovine Breg cells are restricted to JPP or are present in other lymphoid tissues. Therefore, CD21+ B cells were purifie...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - April 20, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Natural antibodies and their relationship with total immunoglobulins and acquired antibody response in goat kid (Capra hircus, L. 1758) serum
Publication date: Available online 19 April 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): S. Cecchini, D. Rufrano, A.R. CaputoAbstractNatural antibodies (NAb) are antibodies that can bind to a particular antigen without any apparent antigenic stimulation. In this paper, a careful analysis has been carried out on NAb levels in goat kid serum; possible correlations with the total immunoglobulin (tot-Ig) levels and specific antibody (SpAb) response were considered. Twenty randomly chosen kids were submitted to a first blood sampling (day 0). After 60 and 100 days, new blood samplings were carried out in the ...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - April 20, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Shifts in Porcine PBMC Populations from Adolescence to Adulthood
Publication date: Available online 15 April 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Wolfgang SiposAbstractIn mammals, the immune system is undergoing significant changes during development, which has many impacts on the individual’s capacity to cope with infectious diseases or other pathologic conditions, where the immune system is involved. Especially in livestock, it is important to know in detail about these changes, including shifts in the composition of systemic leukocyte populations, as this knowledge may help to focus on relevant cell populations when developing novel vaccines for use in ju...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - April 16, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Development of a monoclonal antibody against swine leukocyte antigen (SLA)-DR α chain and evaluation of SLA-DR expression in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells after PRRSV infection
In conclusion, we successfully developed a MAb reactive with endogenous SLA-DR in western blotting, and this MAb could be a useful tool for further research and analysis. Moreover, the inconsistency of SLA-DR expression between protein and mRNA levels may suggest a novel role of DC played during the immune response after PRRSV infection. (Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology)
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - April 11, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: April 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Volume 210Author(s): (Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology)
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - April 2, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Effects of Ascaris and Trichuris antigens on cytokine production in porcine blood mononuclear and epithelial cells
Publication date: Available online 1 April 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Simon R. Jakobsen, Laura J. Myhill, Andrew R. WilliamsAbstractHelminth parasites are highly prevalent in swine production, causing chronic infections and considerable morbidity due to growth retardation. Moreover, helminths actively modulate host immune responses to other pathogens and/or vaccines. Here, we investigated the modulatory effects of Ascaris suum adult body fluid (ABF) and Trichuris suis Soluble Products (TsSP) on the cytokine response in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the intestina...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - April 1, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research