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IPEC-1 variable immune response to different serovars of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica
Publication date: Available online 2 December 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Mustapha Berri, Daniel Hogan, Georges Saade, Sylvie Roche, Philippe Velge, Isabelle Virlogeux-Payant, François MeurensAbstractSalmonella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the Enterobacteriaceae family causing various illnesses. The ability of the different serovars of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica to infect a host and to induce pathology relies in part on their cellular and molecular interactions with the intestinal epithelium. In the current study, an in vitro approach using non-polarized or polarized...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - December 3, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Biomarkers of Cell-Mediated Immunity to Bovine Tuberculosis
Publication date: Available online 30 November 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Mitchell V. Palmer, Tyler C. Thacker, Meaghan M. Rabideau, Gareth J. Jones, Carly Kanipe, H. Martin Vordermeier, W. Ray WatersAbstractWhole blood based assays, particularly interferon gamma (IFN-γ) release assays (IGRAs), are used for the diagnosis of both bovine and human tuberculosis (TB). The aim of the current study was to evaluate a panel of cytokines and chemokines for potential use as diagnostic readouts indicative of Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) infection in cattle. A gene expression assay was used to d...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - December 1, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Functional characterization of partial recombinant goat conglutinin: its role as innate immunity marker and use as antigen in sandwich ELISA
Publication date: Available online 23 November 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Sasmita Barik, Mohini Saini, S Chandra Mohan, D Ramesh, Praveen K. GuptaAbstractConglutinin, a liver synthesized versatile innate immune marker consisting C-type lectin domain belongs to collectin superfamily of proteins. The protein, first detected in bovine serum as soluble pattern recognition receptor (PRR) has wide range of antimicrobial activities. In the present study, open reading frame (ORF) encoding neck and carbohydrate recognition domain (NCRD) of goat conglutinin gene ligated to the vector pRSET-A was ...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - November 24, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytokine, cytology and IgE allergen in horses with equine asthma
The objective of this descriptive study was to evaluate the correlation between four subgroups of EA (mastocytic mild equine asthma [MEA], neutrophilic MEA, mixed MEA, and severe equine asthma [SEA]), allergen specific IgE (measured in both serum and BALF) and mRNA expression of selected genes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Serum and BALF were collected from 64 horses with a history of lower airway problems with or without poor performance. Differential cell counts from BALF were used to assign horses to one of four groups (mastocytic MEA; neutrophilic MEA, mixed MEA, and SEA). The expression of messenger RNA (mRN...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - November 21, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

The immunostimulator Victrio activates chicken toll-like receptor 21
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Thomas IlgAbstractThe immunostimulator Victrio consists of bacterial plasmid DNA encased in cationic liposomes and protects embryonated chicken eggs and newly hatched chickens against Escherichia coli induced mortality. It is demonstrated that Victrio specifically and potently activates recombinant chicken toll-like receptor 21 (TLR21) in a nuclear factor kappa B reporter gene assay. This TLR21 stimulatory activity is dependent on the presence of nonmethylated CpG and requires liposomal formulation of the DNA, as ...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - November 16, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Phenotypic characterization of encephalitis in the brains of goats experimentally infected with Spanish Goat Encephalitis Virus
Publication date: Available online 15 November 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Ileana Z. Martínez, Claudia Pérez-Martínez, Luis M. Salinas, Juan F. García-Marín, Ramón A. Juste, Ana BalseiroABSTRACTSpanish goat encephalitis virus (SGEV) is a novel tick-borne flavivirus subtype, closely related to the flavivirus louping ill virus (LIV). SGEV caused a severe, acute and mortal neurological disease outbreak in northern Spain in a goat herd. In order to characterize the cell population in lesions and to determine the distribution of the inflammatory cells, central nervous system (CNS) sampl...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - November 16, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

A canine vaccine against Leptospira serovars Icterohaemorrhagiae, Canicola and Grippotyphosa provides cross protection against Leptospira serovar Copenhageni
In this study we demonstrate that this vaccine provides, two weeks after vaccination, an additional protection (prevention of mortality, clinical signs, renal infection, bacterial excretion, renal carriage and renal lesions) against fatal leptospirosis due to Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni (serovar of major medical importance). (Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology)
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - November 16, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: December 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Volume 218Author(s): (Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology)
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - November 16, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Equine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells inhibit reactive oxygen species production by neutrophils
ConclusionsThese results suggest a modulatory effect of equine BM-derived MSCs on PMN respiratory burst, without impairing other important microbicidal functions. This supports the potential use of equine MSCs in excessive or persistent inflammatory conditions in which neutrophils are the main effector cells. (Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology)
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - November 14, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Genomic organization of the chicken TCRβ locus originated by duplication of a Vβ segment combined with a trypsinogen gene
Publication date: Available online 10 November 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Tongtong Zhang, Gen Liu, Zhiguo Wei, Yanchao Wang, Li Kang, Yunliang Jiang, Yi SunAbstractBased on the latest assembly of the red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus) genome sequence, we characterized the detailed genomic organization of the T cell receptor beta (TCRβ) locus of chicken. The chicken TCRβ locus spans approximately 210 kb, and is organized in a typical translocon organization as previously reported. Within this locus, a total of 16 germline Vβ gene segments were classified into three subgroups, containin...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - November 11, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Preconditioning of canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells with deferoxamine potentiates anti-inflammatory effects by directing/reprogramming M2 macrophage polarization
Publication date: Available online 10 November 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Su-Min Park, Qiang Li, Min-Ok Ryu, Aryung Nam, Ju-Hyun An, Ji-In Yang, Sang-Min Kim, Woo-Jin Song, Hwa-Young YounAbstractPreconditioning with hypoxia or hypoxia-mimetic agents has been tried with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to improve the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors. These preconditioning procedures upregulate hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 1-alpha leading to the transcription of HIF-dependent tissue protective and anti-inflammatory genes. Due to the limited number of studies exploring the activity of...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - November 10, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Effects of cyclosporine on feline lymphocytes activated in vitro
Publication date: January 2020Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Volume 219Author(s): Harry Cridge, Adef Kordon, Leysa M. Pinchuk, Robert W. Wills, John M. Thomason, Andrew J. Mackin, Todd M. ArcherAbstractCyclosporine A (CsA) is a calcineurin inhibitor that is known to decrease lymphocyte expression of NFAT-regulated cytokines in humans, dogs and cats, and thereby depress lymphocyte function. Less is known about the effects of CsA on lymphocytes in cats than in other species.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from 6 healthy cats. PBMCs were exposed to i) no treatment, ii) 5 μg/ml c...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - November 9, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Effects of intrauterine infusion of bacterial lipopolysaccharides on the mammary gland inflammatory response in goats
This study aimed to determine if intrauterine-infused lipopolysaccharides (LPS) can be translocated to the mammary glands and induce an inflammatory response. Thirty-seven goats were divided into two experiments. Nineteen goats (control group, n = 9; LPS group, n = 10) were subjected to intravenous injection of LPS, and eighteen goats (control group, n = 8; LPS group, n = 10) were subjected to intrauterine infusion of LPS. Milk and blood samples were collected before and after the LPS challenge, to measure the blood leukocyte count (BLC), plasma LPS-binding protein (LBP), milk yield, milk somatic cell count...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - November 4, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

The effect of equine herpesvirus type 4 on type-I interferon signaling molecules
Publication date: Available online 2 November 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Fatai S. Oladunni, Stephanie Reedy, Udeni B.R. Balasuriya, David W. Horohov, Thomas M. ChambersAbstractEquine herpesvirus type 4 (EHV-4) is mildly pathogenic but is a common cause of respiratory disease in horses worldwide. We previously demonstrated that unlike EHV-1, EHV-4 is not a potent inducer of type-I IFN and does not suppress that IFN response, especially during late infection, when compared to EHV-1 infection in equine endothelial cells (EECs). Here, we investigated the impact of EHV-4 infection in EECs on...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - November 3, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

PD-1 regulates leishmanicidal activity and IL-17 in dogs with leishmaniasis
Publication date: Available online 31 October 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Gabriela Torres Rebech, Gabriela Lovizutto Venturin, Lucas Takeshi Siqueira Ito, Jaqueline Poleto Bragato, Bianca Stefanini de Carvalho Fonseca, Larrissa Martins Melo, Sidnei Ferro Costa, Flávia de Rezende Eugênio, Paulo Sérgio Patto dos Santos, Valéria Marçal Felix de LimaAbstractLeishmaniasis is an immunosuppressive disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, for which dogs are the domestic reservoir. The programmed cell death-1 molecule (PD-1) is highly expressed in leukocyte cells of dogs with leis...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - November 1, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research