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Advances in Imaging Techniques to Guide Therapies and Monitor Response to the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Injuries
Continual advancements in diagnostic imaging have allowed for more accurate and complete diagnoses of injuries in the performance horse. The use of several different imaging tools has further allowed the equine sports medicine clinician to more carefully direct treatment options, monitor response to therapy and guide rehabilitation recommendations. The advancements in diagnostic imaging and novel treatment options have led to the improvement in the overall prognosis of many injuries that affect the horse and their performance. The purpose of this section is to review the advancements made in diagnostic imaging of the horse...
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - July 21, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Caitlyn R. Horne, Sara Tufts Source Type: research

Equine Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate
Bone marrow concentrate is generated by centrifugation of bone marrow aspirate. It contains mesenchymal stromal cells, anabolic chemokines/cytokines, and supraphysiological concentrations of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein (IL-1RA). It is an effective treatment for osteoarthritis or desmitis, or as an adjunct in surgery to enhance bone or cartilage repair. (Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice)
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - July 11, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Lisa A. Fortier Source Type: research

Interactions Between Biologic Therapies and Other Treatment Modalities
Biologic therapies are becoming increasingly utilized by veterinarians. The literature regarding the interaction of biologic therapies with other therapeutics is still in its infancy. Initial studies have examined the effects of exercise, stress, various pharmaceutical interventions, extracorporeal shockwave, therapeutic laser, and hyperbaric oxygen on biologic therapies. Continued research is imperative as owners and veterinarians increasingly choose a multimodal approach to injury and illness. Further, understanding the effects of concurrently administered treatments and pharmaceuticals as well as the health status of th...
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - July 11, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Aimee C. Colbath, Christopher W. Frye Source Type: research

Use of Biologics and Stem Cells for Wound Healing in the Horse
Treatment of skin wounds is a high priority in veterinary medicine because healthy uncompromised skin is essential for the well-being of horses. Stem cells and other biologic therapies offer benefits by reducing the need for surgical procedures and conventional antibiotics. Evidence from in  vitro studies and small in vivo trials supports the use of equine stem cells and biologics for the treatment of acute and chronic cutaneous wounds. Larger clinical trials are warranted to better evaluate the regenerative and immunological responses to these treatments. Additionally, delivery meth ods and treatment schedules should be...
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - July 11, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Rebecca M. Harman, Aarthi Rajesh, Gerlinde R. Van de Walle Source Type: research

Use of Biologics and Stem Cells in Equine Ophthalmology
Regenerative therapy and biologics have the promise to treat equine ocular surface diseases, including corneal ulceration or immune-mediated keratitis, or intraocular diseases such as uveitis. The use of blood-derived products such as serum or platelet-rich plasma, mesenchymal stem cells, or amniotic membrane grafts may be beneficial for the treatment of ulcerative and chronic keratitis in horses. Furthermore, the use of stem cells or gene therapy has promise for the treatment of Intraocular diseases such as equine recurrent uveitis by providing efficacious, practical, and long-term therapy for these blinding diseases. (So...
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - July 11, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Brian Christopher Gilger Source Type: research

Antimicrobial Properties of Equine Stromal Cells and Platelets and Future Directions
Increasing antimicrobial resistance in veterinary practice has driven the investigation of novel therapeutic strategies including regenerative and biologic therapies to treat bacterial infection. Integration of biological approaches such as platelet lysate and mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy may represent adjunctive treatment strategies for bacterial infections that minimize systemic side effects and local tissue toxicity associated with traditional antibiotics and that are not subject to antibiotic resistance. In this review, we will discuss mechanisms by which biological therapies exert antimicrobial effects, as w...
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - July 11, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Lynn M. Pezzanite, Lyndah Chow, Steven W. Dow, Laurie R. Goodrich, Jessica M. Gilbertie, Lauren V. Schnabel Source Type: research

Equine Colic
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA: EQUINE PRACTICE (Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice)
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - June 30, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Louise L. Southwood Source Type: research

Copyright
Elsevier (Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice)
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - June 30, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Contributors
RAMIRO E. TORIBIO, DVM, MS, PhD (Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice)
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - June 30, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Contents
Louise L. Southwood (Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice)
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - June 30, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Forthcoming Issues
Use of Biologic and Regenerative Therapies in Equine Practice (Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice)
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - June 30, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Epidemiology of Colic
Epidemiologic studies are essential for the generation of evidence-based, preventive health care strategies. This includes ways to minimize colic risk and assist informed decision making concerning diagnosis, treatment, and likely outcomes. It is important to consider that colic is not a simple “disease” but is a syndrome of abdominal pain that encompasses multiple different disease processes, and which is multifactorial in nature. This review focuses on prevention and diagnosis of colic, including specific forms of colic, communications with owners/carers concerning colic risk and man agement, and areas of future rese...
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - May 31, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Alexandra Gillen, Debra Catherine Archer Source Type: research

Neonates and Periparturient Mares
This article reviews the most commonly encountered types of colic events in neonatal foals and periparturient mares, how to correctly diagnose these conditions, as well as details concerning appropriate medical management and/or surgical intervention. (Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice)
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - May 29, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Nathan Slovis, Leci Irvin Source Type: research

Equine Colic: Can We Do Better?
Colic is often described in the lay literature as the “number one killer of horses.” Successful outcome for horses with colic is dependent on a team approach between owners, caregivers, primary care veterinarians, specialists, and clinical researchers. This issue focuses on gastrointestinal causes of colic, covering a wide array of diagnostic, ther apeutic, and research updates. The focus throughout is on early referral (“Updates on diagnosis and management of colic in the field and criteria for referral” by Bookbinder and Prisk), early recognition of intestinal strangulation (“Early identification of intestinal ...
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - May 22, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Louise L. Southwood Tags: Preface Source Type: research

Role of Laparoscopy in Diagnosis and Management of Equine Colic
Laparoscopy can be valuable in the diagnosis and treatment of specific types of colic in horses. Most commonly, it is used for horses with chronic recurrent colic for further diagnosis, such as by taking biopsies or to perform treatment. Laparoscopy is also often used for prevention of colic, for example, by closing the nephrosplenic space or epiploic foramen. There are fewer indications for laparoscopy in acute colic, though in some cases the technique can be useful for diagnosis, after which the procedure is converted to a hand-assisted laparoscopy. However, manipulation of the intestine is limited compared with an open ...
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice - May 16, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Ann Martens, Hanna Haardt Source Type: research