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Performance, feed efficiency, feeding behavior, and cortisol concentration of lambs ranked for Residual Feed Intake and Residual Intake and Gain
This study aimed to evaluate the performance, feed efficiency, feeding behavior, and cortisol concentrations of lambs ranked into different groups of Residual Feed Intake (RFI) and Residual Intake and Gain (RIG). Forty Santa In ês lambs with a mean initial age of 120 ± 30 days and mean initial (IBW) and final body weight (FBW) of 28.9 ± 3.2 and 43.7 ± 3.9 kg, respectively, were used. The animals were fed at an automatic feed and water station (Intergado®) for 60 days and classified at the end of the experiment as low- RFI/RIG, medium-RFI/RIG, and high-RFI/RIG according to RFI and RIG. Performance, feed efficiency meas...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 18, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Histopathological changes and oxidative stress associated with Fascioliasis in bovines
In this study, our objective was to gain insight into the pathophysiological consequences of Fascioliasis in cattle through the evaluation of metabolic, oxidative stress, and histological parameters. A thorough investigation was carried out on the liver of 197 bovines after their slaughter, which unveiled the occurrence of Fascioliasis, with a prevalence rate of 13.2% observed. The bovine that were infected exhibited notable increase in serum transaminases (ALT, AST, and ALP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) while the decrease in glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. The lipid profile analysi...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 18, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Deciphering climate resilience in Indian cattle breeds by selection signature analyses
In this study, we utilized Bovine 50  K chip data and four genome scan techniques to assess the genetic regions of positive selection for high-temperature adaptation. We have also performed a genome-wide investigation of genetic diversity, inbreeding, and effective population size in our target dataset. We identified potential regions for selection that are likely to be caused by adverse climatic conditions. We observed many adaptation genes in several potential selection signature areas. These include genes likeHSPB2,HSPB3,HSP20,HSP90AB1,HSF4,HSPA1B,CLPB,GAP43,MITF, and MCHR1 which have been reported in the cattle popula...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 17, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Dairy farmers ’ knowledge, awareness and practices regarding bovine lameness in Malaysian dairy farms
AbstractGiven the data paucity on dairy farmers ’ perspectives regarding bovine lameness and hoof diseases, particularly in South East Asian countries, this study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices toward lameness and hoof health among dairy cattle farmers in Malaysia. An online-based and face-to-face survey was condu cted among 114 dairy farmers from four states in Peninsular Malaysia. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, principal component analysis and an independent samplet-test. Overall, farmers demonstrated satisfactory knowledge and attitude regarding lameness and its impact ...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 17, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Estimation of genetic parameters of Holstein calf survival
This study is helpful to understand the survival status of Holstein calves and provide a theoretical basis for improving the survival rate of calves. (Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production)
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 15, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

The effect of Froriepia subpinnata on the performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, immune system, microbial population, intestinal morphology, and breast meat fatty acid content of broiler chickens
AbstractThe present experiment was conducted to investigate the effects ofF. subpinnata powder (FSP) on the performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, immune system, microbial population, intestinal morphology, and percentage of fatty acids in the breast meat of broiler chickens. A total of 300  day-old male chickens from the ROSS 308 strain were used in the form of a completely random design with four treatments of five replicates (15 birds each). The experimental treatments were, respectively, (1) control with base diet (without additives), (2) base diet + 1% FSP, (3) base diet +  2% FSP, and (4) ba...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 13, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Effect of pregnancy and feeding level on voluntary intake, digestion, and microbial nitrogen synthesis in Zebu beef cows
The objective of this research was to evaluate how pregnancy and feeding regimens affect the feed intake, digestibility, and efficiency of microbial nitrogen (N) synthesis in beef cows. Forty-four multiparous Nellore cows, comprising 32 gestating and 12 non-gestating cows, with an average weight of 451  ± 10 kg, were assigned to either a HIGH (ad libitum) or LOW (limited feeding at 1.2 times maintenance based on the NRC) feeding regimen during the gestational period. The dry matter intake (DMI) in kg/d was significantly greater (P <  0.01) in HIGH-fed cows. The DMI reduced (P <  0.05) in proportion to t...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 12, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Prediction of body weight of Curraleiro P é-Duro cattle based on morphometric measurements
AbstractCattle weight development is highly correlated with some body measurements. Based on the relationship between morphometric measurements and body mass, our aim was to develop regression equations to estimate the body weight of Curraleiro P é-Duro (CPD) cattle to be used in farms that lack access to weighting scales. Data from 1023 animals from four farms on withers height (WH), body length (BL), body score (BS), heart girth (HG), permanent teeth (PT), scrotal perimeter (SP), and live weight were used. The animals were classified into five categories depending on age and/or sex: newborns (NB), calves, weaned animals...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 12, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Effect of ambient lead on progesterone and pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 1 and their relationship with abortion in Zaraibi goats: a field study
In conclusion, pollution-induced increases in Pb bioavailability resulted in dramatic decreases in P4 and PAG1 levels, leading to abortions. PAG1 and P4 levels are also key factors in determining whether Zaraibi goats will give birth to twins. (Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production)
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 12, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Spatio-temporal dynamics and distributional trend analysis of African swine fever outbreaks (2020 –2021) in North-East India
AbstractAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious, notifiable, and fatal hemorrhagic viral disease affecting domestic and wild pigs. The disease was reported for the first time in India during 2020, resulted in serious outbreaks and economic loss in North-Eastern  (NE) parts, since 47% of the Indian pig population is distributed in the NE region. The present study focused on analyzing the spatial autocorrelation, spatio-temporal patterns, and directional trend of the disease in NE India during 2020–2021. The ASF outbreak data (2020–2021) were collected from the offices of the Department of Animal Husbandry and...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 11, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Low dietary oyster mushroom spent substrate limitedly ameliorates detrimental effects of feeding combined marula seed cake and mucuna seed meal as soya bean replacements in broiler chickens
In conclusion, dietary replacement of SBM with combined MSC plus MSM induced deleterious effects in broiler chickens that were limitedly abrogated by low (1.25%) inclusion level of OMSS. (Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production)
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 9, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Discriminant analysis reveals differences in breed structure in river buffaloes of Maharashtra (India)
We report the most suitable discriminate function which can discriminate with maximum between-group variation in four studied populations. Mahalanobis distances were calculated between populations and they ranged from 0.786 to 1.227. Purnathadi has revealed a distinct phenotypic structure, and these buffaloes have a distinct native breeding region comprising Akola, Amravati, and Buldhana districts of Maharashtra state. On the other hand, Elachpuri animals failed to depict physical and biometric discriminations from Nagpuri, Marathwadi, and Purnathadi buffalo populations, and Elachpuri can be considered as a strain of Nagpu...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 9, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Seasonal variations in botanical and nutritive composition, forage availability and ingestive behavior of grazing goats in the semiarid region
AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess how the different seasons of the year impact the botanical composition, availability, and quality of forage in the caatinga, as well as the frequency of ingestion and ingestive behavior of goats in a semi-arid region. The experiment used four crossbred castrated males, with an average weight of 30.2  ± 4.76 kg and an average age of 20 months. The experimental period lasted for 12 months, encompassing two rainy seasons and one dry season within this timeframe, with three replications (data collection) per season. All collected forage was categorized based on its stratum (h...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 9, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Participatory investigation of goat farmers ’ breeding practices, trait preference, and selection criteria in Burkina Faso
This study aimed to identify the selection criteria of goat farmers in rural areas of Burkina Faso and their potential implications in establishing CBBP. Following focus group discussions, a well-structured questionnaire was designed and administered to 372 randomly selected go at farmers in two different agro-ecological zones. A list of traits obtained during focus group discussions was provided to farmers individually, and they were asked to rank the ones they preferentially use to select breeding animals. Statistical tests were conducted to compare data between the two agro-ecological zones. The results showed that the ...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 8, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Genetic parameters of sheep growth curve traits reared within rangelands under uncertain paternity
AbstractThis work aims to improve the selection program of the Timahdit breed through the use of the parameters of the Von Bertalanffy model as selection criteria and the treatment of uncertain paternity found in pastoral systems. A database containing 12,029 animals and a pedigree file integrating the probabilities of the parents with a total of 48,292 animals were used in the analysis. An individual estimation of the parameters of the model studied by the nonlinear regression procedure Proc NLIN of SAS was carried out, followed by the determination of the fixed effects which influence these parameters by means of a gener...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 8, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research