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Economic viability of using OvSynch and fixed timed artificial insemination protocol in breeding improvement of pastoral herds in the rangelands
This study assessed economic viability of using OvSynch and fixed Timed Artificial Insemination (TAI) protocol in Sahiwal upgrading breeding program under two hypothetical cases of best and worst in activity-based money allocations when pastoral herds deploy either optimal or low input husbandry practices. From herd owners ’ assessment of milk production, best-case scenarios attain on average 10 L/cow/day with optimal husbandry and 5 L/cow/day with low input husbandry. The worst-case scenarios attain 5 L/cow/day with optimal husbandry and 1 L/cow/day with low input husbandry. Benefit- Cost Analysis (BCA) estimated N et P...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - February 6, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Does parity order or cow antibody level influence the humoral immunity of calves for cattle anaplasmosis?
In conclusion, the calf’s antibody level againstA. marginale appears to be related to the cow ’s parity order and the mother’s antibody level. (Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production)
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - February 5, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Growth performance, carcass, and meat quality traits in broiler chickens reared on plastic-grid flooring, wood shavings, and zeolite-supplemented wood shavings
This study aimed to assess the growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality traits of broiler chickens raised on plastic-grid floors, traditional wood shavings, and wood shavings enriched with zeolite. The experimental design included the allocation of 504-day-old chicks to three different bedding materials, namely wood shavings, plastic-grid floors, and zeolite litter, each with four replications (42 birds per replicate). The chicks were individually weighed at birth and grouped according to their average body weights. An experiment involving 504 chicks was conducted, with each replicate consisting of 42 ...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - February 2, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal improves quail growth performance
AbstractThe aim of the present study was to determine the nutritional value of black soldier fly (BSF) larvae meal for quail (experiment I) and the dose –response effects of BSF levels on growth performance, relative organ weight, and body composition of growing quails (experiment II). In experiment I, 100 35-day-old quail were distributed in a completely randomized design, with two treatments (reference and test diet) and 10 replicates. The exper imental period consisted of 5 days of adaptation, followed by 5 days of total excreta collection. The experimental feed consisted of a reference diet and a test diet formulat...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - February 2, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Evaluation of morphological traits using multivariate techniques in Kotdhar goat native to Shivalik hill region of Himachal Pradesh
The objective of this study was to analyze the diverse morphological attributes of Kotdhar goat native to Shivalik hill region of Himachal Pradesh. A total number of 180 goats, comprising 150 females and 30 males aged between 1 and 3  years, were randomly selected to estimate15 distinct morphological traits and ten body indices. Mean values of 17.66 cm, 11.68 cm, 8.73 cm, 71.94 cm, 69.83 cm, 74.48 cm, 38.10 cm, 73.38 cm, 20.55 cm, 16.48 cm, 14.89 cm, 13.57 cm, 19.20 cm, 7.71 cm and 26.12 kg were estimated for hea d length, head width, face length, body length, wither height, heart girth, chest depth, rump h...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 31, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Infectious sporadic bovine abortions: retrospective analysis
AbstractInfectious sporadic abortions in cattle are mainly caused by opportunistic bacteria and fungi usually present in environmental or gastrointestinal and reproductive microbiota of healthy animals. A retrospective analysis was carried out to evaluate the main opportunistic microorganisms involved in bovine abortions recorded at INTA Balcarce (Argentina) from 1997 to 2023, accounting for 2.2% of the total diagnosed etiologies of bovine abortion. The opportunistic agents identified as the cause of abortion in 29 fetuses were bacteria (90%) and fungi (10%).Escherichia coli (n = 8),Trueperella pyogenes (n = 5), an...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 30, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Interactive effects of dietary protein and nano-chitosan on growth performance, immune response, and histological aspects of lymphoid organs in broiler chickens
AbstractA feeding trial was conducted to assess the effect of partial replacement of dietary soybean meal by three plant protein sources: coconut, rocket seed, and black cumin meals with their combination in the presence or absence of nano-chitosan (NCH) on growth performance and immune response in broiler chickens. Five starter and grower diets were formulated and used from 1 to 42 days of age. The NCH was added to starter and grower diets at 1.0 g/kg. Five-hundred-fifty-day-old Arbor Acres Plus broiler chicks were randomly divided into ten treatments with five equal replications. Final body weight (FBW), body weight gain...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 27, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Teat morphology across five buffalo breeds: a multi-country collaborative study
AbstractThe buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is a species of worldwide importance, raised to produce milk, meat, and hides, and often used as a working animal in rural contexts with low access to hi-tech solutions. In the present study, 100 lactating buffaloes (50 primiparous and 50 pluriparous) of five popular breeds were recruited to characterize and compare teat morphology. In particular, the focus was put on the Nili Ravi, Mediterranean, Egyptian, Bulgarian Murrah, and Azeri buffaloes raised in Pakistan, Italy, Egypt, Bulgaria, and Iran, respectively. In all countries, a longitudinal cross-section ultrasound was obtained befo...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 26, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Camelina sativa (L. Crantz) products; an alternative feed ingredient for poultry diets with its nutritional and physiological consequences
AbstractDue to increased demand for common feedstuffs such as corn, soybean and fish meals for poultry diets, the search for alternative sources of energy and protein for feed production could help to reduce production costs in the commercial poultry industry.Camelina sativa might be considered a new source of protein, energy and n-3 fatty acids (FA) in poultry diets. The oil content of camelina seeds (CS) is about 35 to 40%. Approximately 50% of this oil is composed of polyunsaturated FA. Moreover, camelina meal (CM) has 16% crude fat. The major n-3 FA of CS and CM is α-linolenic acid (about 30%) which is considered to b...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 26, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

The effect of climate index on growth values from birth to breeding in Akkaraman sheep
In this study, a total of 1011 lambs ’ live weights (LW) and average daily weight gains (ADG) in 16 different farms between 2018 and 2020 (birth to 18 months) were determined in Akkaraman herds raised in Çankırı Province of Turkey. Comprehensive Climate Index (CCI) was examined to determine the effect of climate. Thermal comfort l imits in CCI values were classified as CCI-1.cold (≤ 5 ℃), CCI-2.comfort (5–25 ℃), and CCI-3.warm (≥ 25 ℃). The climatic values that all lambs examined were exposed to according to index value groups in periods from birth to 18 months of age were prepared daily. The lambs wer...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 26, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Potentials of single nucleotide polymorphisms and genetic diversity studies at HSP90AB1 gene in Nigerian White Fulani, Muturu, and N ’Dama cattle breeds
This study detected new SNPs (polymorphic sites) atHSP90AB1 locus within the DNAs of Nigerian White Fulani (WF), Muturu (MU), and N ’Dama (ND) breeds of cattle. Within exons 5–6 coding regions, the N’Dama (ND) cattle breed had the highest for number of SNPs (5) and genetic diversity indices while White Fulani (WF) and Muturu (MU) had the least (2) number of SNPs each. Within exons 12–13 coding regions, WF had the highest numbers of SNPs (7) and genetic diversity indices while MU had the least number of SNPs (1) and genetic diversity indices. Some of the detected SNPs atHSP90AB1 locus were shared among the three bre...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 24, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Nutrient intake, productive and metabolic parameters of Nellore bulls feed a forage free diet using cottonseed cake as a fiber source
AbstractWe hypothesized that cottonseed cake in confined Nellore young bulls ’ diet as fiber source, could maintain or improve the nutrient intake, and productive and metabolic parameters. It was evaluated the total replacement of whole plant corn silage (WPCS) by cottonseed cake (CSC) as a source of fiber in the diet. A completely randomized design with two treatments and 12 replications was used. The treatments were two experimental diets containing 300 g/kg of WPCS or CSC as roughage. All animals at 0, 15, 30, 60 and 112 days were weighed to monitor productive performance and nutrient intake. Dry matter intakes, org...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 24, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Performance, body development and ingestive behavior of Nelore and crossbred heifers finished in a grazing system
AbstractThe aim of this experiment was to evaluate growth, body development and ingestive behavior of Nelore and crossbred heifers. Twenty-two contemporary heifers (eight Nelore, seven Nelore  × Angus (½ Angus) and seven Nelore × Pantaneiro (½ Pantaneiro) crosses) were evaluated. The variables evaluated were weight, subcutaneous fat thickness [assessed by ultrasound in thelongissimus dorsi (SFT) andbiceps femoris (SFTP8)] morphometric measures and ingestive behavior (determined between 7 am and 5  pm). The daily gain differed between the breeds (P <  0.05), being greater for the ½ Pantaneiro than Nelor...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 24, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Climatic and calf-related risk factors associated with failure of transfer of passive immunity in Holstein calves in a hot environment
This study raises questions for management practices in Holstein calves undergoing in utero heat stress and around c alving to avoid agammaglobulinemia. (Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production)
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 24, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Ruminal modulator additive effect of Stryphnodendron rotundifolium bark in feedlot lambs
AbstractThe study aimed to evaluate the inclusion effects ofStryphnodendron rotundifolium (barbatim ão) extracts in substitution of the lasalocid sodium on the ingestive behaviour, intake, ruminal parameters, and digestibility of feedlot lambs. Twenty-four pantaneiro lambs were used, with an average age of 150 ± 4.59 days and an initial body weight of 21.2 ± 3.63 kg. The lambs were di stributed in three treatments in an experimental design with randomized blocks. The treatments correspond to the additive supplements: LAS (0.019 g of lasalocid sodium/lamb/d); DGB (1.50 g of barbatimão dried ground bark/lamb/...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - January 23, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research