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Comparative evaluation of nutrient composition, in vitro nutritional value, and antioxidant activity of de-oiled meals from walnut, hazelnut, almond, and sesame
This study aimed to establish a comparative database on the chemical composition, in vitro nutritional value, and antioxidant activity of the de-oiled meals produced from walnut, hazelnut, almond, and sesame seeds from the ruminant nutrition perspective. The meals were provided in dried form after their oil harvest using the cold-pressing oil extraction method. Crude protein (CP) constituted the major component of the meals and was the greatest in walnut and almond (average of 45.6% of dry matter (DM)], intermediate in hazelnut meal (41.4%), and least in sesame meal (33.3%)). Potassium was the most abundant mineral in waln...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 28, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in different pig breeds fed raw, sprouted, or roasted (Vigna unguiculata) diets
AbstractThe study examined effects of feeding iso-nutrient (150  g CP, 17.3 MJ ME kg−1) raw (RCP), sprouted (SPC), or roasted (RSCP) cowpea diets to Windsnyer (W), Large White (LW)  × Landrace (LR), and the 3-way crossbred (W × LW × LR) growing pigs. Diet dry matter (DM) digestibility was estimated using standard, 3-step (gastric, small intestines, colon) in vitro digestion. Dietary in vivo nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance were evaluated using 3 weane d pigs of each genotype. Pigs were housed in individual metabolic cages. The diets were assigned to pigs in a 3 × 3 change-over factorial e...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 28, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Growth performance and nutrient digestibility of growing rabbits fed diets containing pawpaw (Carica papaya L.) leaf protein concentrate
AbstractThis experiment was carried out to evaluate the growth performance and nutrient digestibility of growing rabbits fed diets containing pawpaw (Carica papaya L.) leaf protein concentrate as partial replacement for soybean meal (SBM). Five dietary treatments were formulated such that SBM was replaced with pawpaw leaf protein concentrate (PLPC) at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60% weight-for-weight. Twenty-five composite growing rabbits of mixed sex and approximately seven weeks of age (736 ±90 g) were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments of five replicates in a completely randomized design. The rabbits had access to wa...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 28, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Modelling and predicting fat deposition rates in various South African sheep crosses using ultrasound technology
AbstractProducers require an accurate predictive tool that can determine the optimal point of slaughter based on fat depth. The modelling of fat deposition with a simple mathematical model could supply in this need. Dohne Merino and Merino ewes were crossed with Dorper, Dormer and Ile de France rams or rams of their own breeds to create two purebred (Dohne Merino and Merino) and six crossbred groups (Dohne x Dorper, Dohne x Dormer, Dohne x Ile de France, Merino x Dorper, Merino x Dormer and Merino x Ile de France) of offspring. Fat deposition of four lambs of each sex per genotypic group was monitored from 80 to 360  days...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Seromolecular surveillance of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus in Nigeria
This study indicated that RHDV 2/GI.2 strain was the cause of 2020 RHD outbreak in Nigeria. Thus, while continuous public sensitization about RHD especially among rabbit farmers in Nigeria is important, efforts aimed at design and implementation of RHD vaccination policy, preferably using indigenous seed, should be expedited. (Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production)
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Lipids in the reproduction of sires
AbstractThe main class of nutritional interest for lipids are fatty acids (FA), which correspond to 90% of triglycerides, the main form of lipid storage in both plants and animals. FAs serve as a source of energy in the diet of cattle; however, they also have an important non-caloric effect on animal organisms as they are important components of the physical and functional structures of cells and participate in the composition of steroid hormones. As such, research has studied the improvement of semen quality through the provision of polyunsaturated FAs in bull diets, as well as the use of FAs in semen extenders in order t...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Reproductive performance of Horro and Horro-crossbred dairy cows in Ethiopia ’s subhumid tropical environments
AbstractEstrus detection, timing of insemination, feeding, and health care practices are all factors that can significantly affect cattle breeding efficiency and lifetime production. In Ethiopia ’s subhumid environment, the age at first calving, number of days open, duration from calving to first heat, and number of services per conception are economic traits that affect reproductive performance of Horro and Horro-crossbred dairy cows. Data collected at Ethiopia's Bako Agricultural Resear ch Center between 1980–2019 was used to study the reproductive performance of Horro and Horro-crosses with Holstein Friesian and Jer...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Levels of leucaena hay associated with cactus pear in diets for crossbred steers
The objective was to evaluate the effects of inclusion of these feeds on the nutritional parameters and nitrogen metabolism of cattle. Eight steers, average age of 12 months, weight of 267.5 ± 15 kg, were distributed into two simultaneous 4 × 4 Latin squares according to a 2 × 2 factorial scheme, in which the first factor evaluated was different proportions of inclusion of LH (50 or 70% DM basis), and the second factor was the total replacement of GCG with CP. There was lower DM inta ke in animals fed with 70% LH. There was an interaction between the factors for DM digestibility, in which the animals fed CP did not diff...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Genomic selection pressure discovery using site-frequency spectrum and reduced local variability statistics in Pakistani Dera-Din-Panah goat
ConclusionCurrent perception of genomic architecture of DDP goat provides a better understanding to improve its genetic potential and other economically important traits of medium to large body size, milk, and fiber production by updating the genomic insight driven breeding strategies to boost the livestock and agriculture-based economy of the country. (Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production)
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Africanized honeybee (Apis mellifera) semen freezing using Tris-based and Collins extenders
This study is aimed at evaluating the effect of different extenders on the cryopreservation of semen from Africanized honeybees (A. mellifera). Semen from honeybee drones from 10 different colonies was obtained by endophallus exposure technique and immediately evaluated for motility, viability using fluorescent probes, functional membrane integrity using the water test, and morphology. Samples from each colony were divided in three aliquots and subjected to a dilution ratio of 12:1 (diluent: semen) using Tris, Tris + egg yolk (Tris+EY), and Collins extender. Samples were cryopreserved and stored in liquid nitrogen for one ...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Mathematical models to predict the lamb weight at birth and at weaning reared in the tropical warm-climate pasture
AbstractOur objective was to evaluate the productive parameters of ewes and their lambs in relation to ewe age and to develop models for predicting lamb weight at birth and weaning in a tropical warm-climate pasture. Individual data were collected from 273 ewes and 273 lambs, between 2013 and 2021. During this period all animals were kept on pastures ofBrachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu All lambs in the experiments were supplemented in creep-feeding. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed using the PROC SUMMARY procedure in SAS (SAS University Edition, SAS Institute Inc. Cary, CA, USA). Pearson correlation coeffici...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Comparative therapeutic efficacy of oral administration of gluconeogenic precursors with nicotinamide and intravenous hypertonic dextrose solution for management of subclinical ketosis in Chilika buffaloes
AbstractKetosis in dairy animals originates from negative energy status, associated increased absorption, and production of ketone bodies exceeding their use by the ruminants as an energy source. The present therapeutic experiment was carried out in 29 herds of Chilika buffaloes in 16 villages of three adjoining districts of Chilika Lake, Puri, Khurda, and Ganjam. Twenty Chilika buffaloes, detected positive for subclinical ketosis, were randomly selected for the study and divided into 2 groups, groups II and III, and were treated with hypertonic dextrose solution intravenously or gluconeogenic precursors along with nicotin...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Review: genetic background of milk fatty acid synthesis in bovines
AbstractMilk fat composition is an important trait for the dairy industry as it directly influences the nutritional and technological properties of milk and other dairy products. The synthesis of milk fat is a complex process regulated by a network of genes. Thus, understanding the genetic variation and molecular mechanisms regulating milk fat synthesis will help to improve the nutritional quality of dairy products. In this review, we provide an overview of milk fat synthesis in bovines along with the candidate genes involved in the pathway. We also discuss de novo synthesis of fatty acids (ACSS, ACACA, FASN), uptake of FA...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Identification of local camel populations in Turkiye using morphological, genetic, and breeding info
In this study, local camel populations in Aydin, Denizli, and Antalya cities of Turkiye were examined in three dimensions as demographic, morphological, and genetic. A face-to-face survey of 117 breeders was used to determine demographic definitions. While the region where local camels were detected the most was determined as Antalya Region with 78.6%, it was determined that 82.6% of the breeders participating in the survey preferred to breed camels due to their docile temperament. Body measurements were made on 45 camels for morphological identification. Moreover, DNA were sampled with oral swabs from 57 camels for phylog...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 26, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emission from the dairy production system — review
AbstractClimate change is altering ecological systems and poses a serious threat to human life. Climate change also seriously influences on livestock production by interfering with growth, reproduction, and production. Livestock, on the other hand, is blamed for being a significant contributor to climate change, emitting 8.1 gigatonnes of CO2-eq per year and accounting for two-thirds of global ammonia emissions. Methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2) are three major greenhouse gases (GHG) that are primarily produced by enteric fermentation, feed production, diet management, and total product output. R...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - September 25, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research