Ecological Sex Ratios and Human Mating
Publication date: Available online 28 December 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive SciencesAuthor(s): Jon K. Maner, Joshua M. AckermanThe ratio of men to women in a given ecology can have profound influences on a range of interpersonal processes, from marriage and divorce rates to risk-taking and violent crime. Here, we organize such processes into two categories – intersexual choice and intrasexual competition – representing focal effects of imbalanced sex ratios. (Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences)
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - December 29, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Research Culture and Reproducibility
Publication date: Available online 28 December 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive SciencesAuthor(s): Marcus R. Munafò, Christopher D. Chambers, Alexandra M. Collins, Laura Fortunato, Malcolm R. MacleodThere is ongoing debate regarding the robustness and credibility of published scientific research. We argue that these issues stem from two broad causal mechanisms: the cognitive biases of researchers and the incentive structures within which researchers operate. The UK Reproducibility Network (UKRN) is working with researchers, institutions, funders, publishers, and other stakeholders to address these issues. (Source: Trends i...
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - December 29, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Temporal Junctures in the Mind
Publication date: Available online 20 December 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive SciencesAuthor(s): Jonathan Redshaw, Thomas SuddendorfHumans can imagine what happened in the past and what will happen in the future, but also what did not happen and what might happen. We reflect on envisioned events from alternative timelines, while knowing that we only ever live on one timeline. Considering alternative timelines rests on representations of temporal junctures, or points in time at which possible versions of reality diverge. These representations become increasingly sophisticated over childhood, first enabling preparation for ...
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - December 21, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The Acquisition of Modal Concepts
Publication date: Available online 20 December 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive SciencesAuthor(s): Brian P. Leahy, Susan E. CareySometimes we accept propositions, sometimes we reject them, and sometimes we take propositions to be worth considering but not yet established, as merely possible. The result is a complex representation with logical structure. Is the ability to mark propositions as merely possible part of our innate representational toolbox or does it await development, perhaps relying on language acquisition? Several lines of inquiry show that preverbal infants manage possibilities in complex ways, while others f...
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - December 21, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Could It Be So? The Cognitive Science of Possibility
Publication date: Available online 20 December 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive SciencesAuthor(s): Susan Carey, Brian Leahy, Jonathan Redshaw, Thomas Suddendorf (Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences)
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - December 21, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Oscillatory Control over Representational States in Working Memory
Publication date: Available online 29 November 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive SciencesAuthor(s): Ingmar E.J. de Vries, Heleen A. Slagter, Christian N.L. OliversIn the visual world, attention is guided by perceptual goals activated in visual working memory (VWM). However, planning multiple-task sequences also requires VWM to store representations for future goals. These future goals need to be prevented from interfering with the current perceptual task. Recent findings have implicated neural oscillations as a control mechanism serving the implementation and switching of different states of prioritization of VWM representat...
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - November 30, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Developing an Understanding of Emotion Categories: Lessons from Objects
Publication date: Available online 29 November 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive SciencesAuthor(s): Katie Hoemann, Rachel Wu, Vanessa LoBue, Lisa M. Oakes, Fei Xu, Lisa Feldman BarrettHow and when infants and young children begin to develop emotion categories is not yet well understood. Research has largely treated the learning problem as one of identifying perceptual similarities among exemplars (typically posed, stereotyped facial configurations). However, recent meta-analyses and reviews converge to suggest that emotion categories are abstract, involving high-dimensional and situationally variable instances. In this paper...
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - November 29, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The Perceptual Prediction Paradox
Publication date: Available online 29 November 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive SciencesAuthor(s): Clare Press, Peter Kok, Daniel YonFrom the noisy information bombarding our senses, our brains must construct percepts that are veridical – reflecting the true state of the world – and informative – conveying what we did not already know. Influential theories suggest that both challenges are met through mechanisms that use expectations about the likely state of the world to shape perception. However, current models explaining how expectations render perception either veridical or informative are mutually incompatible. Wh...
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - November 29, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The Need for Sleep in the Adolescent Brain
Publication date: Available online 25 November 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive SciencesAuthor(s): Adriana GalvánSleep is a basic need. Mounting evidence suggests this is particularly true during adolescence, a developmental period involving substantial changes in the brain regions supporting cognition, learning, and emotion. Although sleep loss is a normative psychosocially and biologically driven developmental process, it occurs alongside behaviors that characterize adolescence, including deepening cognitive sophistication, improved emotion regulation, and intensifying social cognition, calling into question how sleep ma...
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - November 26, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Bridging Motor and Cognitive Control: It’s About Time!
Publication date: Available online 25 November 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive SciencesAuthor(s): Harrison Ritz, Romy Frömer, Amitai ShenhavIs how we control our thoughts similar to how we control our movements? Egger et al. show that the neural dynamics underlying the control of internal states exhibit similar algorithmic properties as those that control movements. This experiment reveals a promising connection between how we control our brain and our body. (Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences)
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - November 26, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Human Decision-Making beyond the Rational Decision Theory
Publication date: Available online 22 November 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive SciencesAuthor(s): Etienne KoechlinTwo recent studies (Farashahi et al. and Rouault et al.) provide compelling evidence refuting the Subjective Expected Utility (SEU) hypothesis as a ground model describing human decision-making. Together, these studies pave the way towards a new model that subsumes the notion of decision-making and adaptive behavior into a single account. (Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences)
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - November 23, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Editorial Board and Contents
Publication date: December 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Volume 23, Issue 12Author(s): (Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences)
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - November 20, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Subscription and Copyright Information
Publication date: December 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Volume 23, Issue 12Author(s): (Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences)
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - November 20, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Fast Lane to Slow Science
Publication date: Available online 16 November 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive SciencesAuthor(s): Uta FrithFast Science is bad for scientists and bad for science. Slow Science may actually help us to make faster progress, but how can we slow down? Here, I offer preliminary suggestions for how we can transition to a healthier and more sustainable research culture. (Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences)
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - November 17, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Combinatorial Oxytocin Neuropharmacology in Social Cognition
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2019Source: Trends in Cognitive SciencesAuthor(s): Siqi Fan, Hannah Weinberg-Wolf, Matthew Piva, Olga Dal Monte, Steve W.C. ChangThe efficacy and reliability of using intranasal oxytocin (OT) to clinically enhance social functions remains undependable. We discuss the potential benefit of concurrent administration of OT and naloxone (NAL) to robustly modulate social behavior. We further suggest that combinatorial neuropharmacology approaches should exploit the interactions between OT and serotonin to regulate social functions. (Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences)
Source: Trends in Cognitive Sciences - November 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
