Delayed Chronic Acidic Postconditioning Improves Poststroke Motor Functional Recovery and Brain Tissue Repair by Activating Proton-Sensing TDAG8
AbstractAcidic postconditioning by transient CO2 inhalation applied within minutes after reperfusion has neuroprotective effects in the acute phase of stroke. However, the effects of delayed chronic acidic postconditioning (DCAPC) initiated during the subacute phase of stroke or other acute brain injuries are unknown. Mice received daily DCAPC by inhaling 5%/10%/20% CO2 for various durations (three cycles of 10- or 20-min CO2 inhalation/10-min break) at days 3 –7, 7–21, or 3–21 after photothrombotic stroke. Grid-walk, cylinder, and gait tests were used to assess motor function. DCAPC with all CO2 concentrations signi...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
MYPT1SMKO Mice Function as a Novel Spontaneous Age- and Hypertension-Dependent Animal Model of CSVD
AbstractCerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is the most common progressive vascular disease that causes vascular dementia. Aging and hypertension are major contributors to CSVD, but the pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear, mainly due to the lack of an ideal animal model. Our previous study revealed that vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)-specific myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1) knockout (MYPT1SMKO) leads to constant hypertension, prompting us to explore whether hypertensive MYPT1SMKO mice can be considered a novel CSVD animal model. Here, we found that MYPT1SMKO mice displayed age-dependent CSVD-like ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 27, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Changes in Adhesion and the Expression of Adhesion Molecules in PBMCs after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Relation to Cerebral Vasospasm
In conclusion, our results confirm that after aSAH, monocyte count and adhesion of PBMCs increase, especially in patients with VSP, and that the expression of several adhesion molecules is altered. These observations can help predict VSP and to improve the treatment of this pathology. (Source: Translational Stroke Research)
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 23, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Real-time Elastography and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Evaluating Adventitia in the Early Diagnosis of Vulnerable Plaques: an Exploratory Study Based on Histopathology
AbstractVulnerable plaque is closely related to the occurrence of ischemic stroke. Therefore, early accurate identification of plaque vulnerability is crucial in risk stratification. In the development of vulnerable plaques, the change of the adventitia is earlier than that of the intima. Currently, researchers focused on the ultrasound detection of intraplaque and intima, but adventitia was often ignored in the examination. Real-time elastography technology (RTE) provides an estimation of adventitia stiffness, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) provides the quantification of adventitial VV. Therefore, we aimed to eva...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 20, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Serum Interleukin-1 Levels Are Associated with Intracranial Aneurysm Instability
This study aimed to investigate whether IL-1 could discriminate the unstable IAs (ruptured intracranial aneurysms (RIAs) and symptomatic unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs)) from stable, asymptomatic UIAs. IA tissues and blood samples from 35 RIA patients and 35 UIA patients were collected between January 2017 and June 2020 as the derivation cohort. Blood samples from 211 patients with UIAs were collected between January 2021 and June 2022 as the validation cohort (including 63 symptomatic UIAs). Blood samples from 35 non-cerebral-edema meningioma patients (non-inflammatory control) and 19 patients with unknown-cause ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Alpha-Asarone Ameliorates Neurological Dysfunction of Subarachnoid Hemorrhagic Rats in Both Acute and Recovery Phases via Regulating the CaMKII-Dependent Pathways
AbstractEarly brain injury (EBI) is the leading cause of poor prognosis for patients suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), particularly learning and memory deficits in the repair phase. A recent report has involved calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the pathophysiological process underlying SAH-induced EBI. Alpha-asarone (ASA), a major compound isolated from the Chinese medicinal herbAcorus tatarinowii Schott, was proven to reduce secondary brain injury by decreasing CaMKII over-phosphorylation in rats ’ model of intracerebral hemorrhage in our previous report. However, the effect of ASA o...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Targeted Metabolomic Biomarkers for Stroke Subtyping
ConclusionsWe observed significant differences in metabolite profiles in LAA and CE strokes. Targeted metabolomics may provide enhanced diagnostic yield for stroke subtypes. The pathophysiological pathways of the identified metabolites should be explored in future studies. (Source: Translational Stroke Research)
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
A Pilot Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Neuroprotective Studies in Female Rodent Models of Ischemic Stroke
AbstractMost ischemic stroke (IS) patients go untreated due to limited treatment windows, restrictive eligibility criteria, and poor availability of current clinical therapies. Neuroprotective treatments targeting protracted neurodegeneration are needed yet keep failing in clinical trials. Over half of IS patients are female, and the scarcity of neuroprotective studies using female animals hinders translational success. This pilot review and meta-analysis assessed the relationship between the risk of bias and efficacy of studies testing post-ischemic neuroprotective therapies using female rodent models of IS. We carried ou...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 10, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Anti-Apoptotic Effects of AMPA Receptor Antagonist Perampanel in Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice
This study was aimed to investigate if acute neuronal apoptosis is induced by activation of AMPA ( α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate) receptors (AMPARs) and inhibited by a clinically available selective AMPAR antagonist and antiepileptic drug perampanel (PER) in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and if the mechanisms include upregulation of an inflammation-related matricellular prot ein periostin. Sham-operated and endovascular perforation SAH mice randomly received an administration of 3 mg/kg PER or the vehicle intraperitoneally. Post-SAH neurological impairments and increased caspase-dependent neuronal ap...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 9, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Sphingosine-1-phosphate Signalling in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: Basic Science to Clinical Translation
AbstractSphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is generated intracellularly and, when transported to the extracellular compartment, predominantly signals through S1P receptors. The S1P signalling pathway has been implicated in the pathophysiology of neurological injury following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH). In this review, we bring together all the available data regarding the role of S1P in neurological injury following aSAH. There is agreement in the literature that S1P increases in the cerebrospinal fluid following aSAH and leads to cerebral artery vasospasm. On the other hand, the role of S1P in the parenchyma is...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 7, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Comprehensive Profiling of Secreted Factors in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Moyamoya Disease Patients
AbstractMoyamoya disease (MMD) is characterized by progressive occlusion of the intracranial internal carotid arteries, leading to ischemic and hemorrhagic events. Significant clinical differences exist between ischemic and hemorrhagic MMD. To understand the molecular profiles in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of MMD patients, we investigated 62 secreted factors in both MMD subtypes (ischemic and hemorrhagic) and examined their relationship with preoperative perfusion status, the extent of postoperative angiographic revascularization, and functional outcomes. Intraoperative CSF was collected from 32 control and 71 MMD patie...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 6, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
New Drug Developments for Stroke: from Basics to Clinics
(Source: Translational Stroke Research)
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 6, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Intracranial Pressure Monitoring: an Effective Technique to Balance Cerebral Perfusion and Blood Pressure Reduction in ICH Patients
(Source: Translational Stroke Research)
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 2, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Comprehensive CCM3 Mutational Analysis in Two Patients with Syndromic Cerebral Cavernous Malformation
AbstractCerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a vascular disease that affects the central nervous system, which familial form is due to autosomal dominant mutations in the genesKRIT1(CCM1),MGC4607(CCM2), andPDCD10(CCM3). Patients affected by thePDCD10 mutations usually have the onset of symptoms at an early age and a more aggressive phenotype. The aim of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanism involved with CCM3 disease pathogenesis. Herein, we report two typical cases of CCM3 phenotype and compare the clinical and neuroradiological findings with five patients with a familial form ofKRIT1 orCCM2 mutations a...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 1, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Environmental Enrichment in Stroke Research: an Update
AbstractEnvironmental enrichment (EE) refers to different forms of stimulation, where the environment is designed to improve the levels of sensory, cognitive, and motor stimuli, inducing stroke recovery in animal models. Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and neurological disability among older adults, hence the importance of developing strategies to improve recovery for such patients. This review provides an update on recent findings, compiling information regarding the parameters affected by EE exposure in both preclinical and clinical studies. During stroke recovery, EE exposure has been shown to improve both the co...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 31, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
