Methylated MFGE8 Promotes Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Inhibiting Autophagy of Nerve Cell
ConclusionDNMT1 promotes the methylation of MFGE8 promoter region and downregulates MFGE8 level; restoring MFGE8 downregulates P2X7R, and promotes autophagy by limiting the activation of PI3k/Akt/mTOR, thus exerting a protective effect on brain tissue of SAH mice.Highlights• High expression of DNMT1 and P2X7R and low expression of MFGE8 were observed in SAH mice.• Activation of autophagy reduces EBI after SAH in mice.• DNMT1/MFGE8 reduces autophagy in EBI after SAH in both mouse and cell models.• DNMT1 targets the MFGE8 promoter to upregulate its methylation level.• MFGE8 inhibits P2X7R to activate PI3k/AKT/mTOR ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 14, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Time Dimension Influences Severity of Stroke and Heightened Immune Response in Mice
In this study, we hypothesized that stroke timing differentially affects immune activation in mice. Following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), circadian genes BMAL1, CLOCK, Cry1, and Cry2 elevated at ZT06, with a significant difference between ZT06 and ZT18. Conversely, expression of the negative limb circadian clock gene, Per1, decreased at ZT06 and ZT18 in stroke mice compared to sham. Paralleling these circadian gene expression changes, we observed a significant increase in TNF- α and a decrease in IL-10 expression at 48 h post-MCAO, when the procedure was performed at ZT06 (MCAO-ZT6), which corresponds to a de...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Platelet Analysis in the Thrombus Plus Serum BNP for Detecting Clot-Related Atrial Fibrillation. Results From the ITACAT Multicentric Registry
This study aimed to investigate the utility of surrogate markers within the clot (clot markers), in combination with serum biomarkers, to identify AF-associated clots in patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy. Each retrieved thrombus was analyzed to identify fibrin, red blood cells, platelets — CD61 staining (PLT) and T-CD4 lymphocyte/macrophage/monocyte (CD4) profile. Serum biomarkers such as D-dimer, lipoprotein (A), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were also assessed in the acute phase of the stroke. Patients with stroke-related AF and large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) stroke we re compared by matched case...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Predicting Persistent Aneurysm Filling After Pipeline Embolization Device Treatment in Patients with Intracranial Aneurysm: Development and External Validation of a Nomogram Model
AbstractThe pipeline embolization device (PED) is an effective endovascular treatment modality for intracranial aneurysm (IA), but nearly one-fifth of IAs treated with a PED remain persistently filling at 1-year angiography follow-up. Developing a nomogram to predict persistent aneurysm filling after PED treatment can help neurointerventionalists identify aneurysms with incomplete occlusion and change their treatment strategies. This retrospective study included patients with IA treated with a PED from three institutions between April 2016 and April 2022, assigned to a derivation or validation cohort. Multivariate logistic...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 8, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
NODDI Identifies Cognitive Associations with In Vivo Microstructural Changes in Remote Cortical Regions and Thalamocortical Pathways in Thalamic Stroke
In conclusion, NODDI revealed neurite loss in remote normal-appearing GM regions and ipsilesional thalamic pathways in thalamic stroke. Reduced cortical dendritic density and axonal density of thalamocortical tracts in specific subregions were associated with improved cognitive functions. Subacute microstructural alterations beyond focal thalamic infarcts might reflect beneficial remodeling indicating post-stroke plasticity. (Source: Translational Stroke Research)
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 5, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Multiple Hypointense Vessels are Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Single Subcortical Infarction
AbstractWe aimed to explore the relationship between multiple hypointense vessels and cognitive function in patients with single subcortical infarction (SSI) and the role of SSI with different etiological mechanisms in the above relationship. Multiple hypointense vessels were measured by the number of deep medullary veins (DMVs), DMVs score, and cortical veins (CVs) score. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Shape Trail Test (STT), and the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT) were assessed to evaluate cognitive function. SSI was dichotomized as branch atheromatous disease (BAD) and cerebral small vessel disease (CSV...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 5, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Dysregulation of the Epitranscriptomic Mark m1A in Ischemic Stroke
AbstractMethylation of adenosine at N1 position yieldsN1-methyladenosine (m1A), which is an epitranscriptomic modification that regulates mRNA metabolism. Recent studies showed that altered m1A methylation promotes acute and chronic neurological diseases. We currently evaluated the effect of focal ischemia on cerebral m1A methylome and its machinery. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion, and the peri-infarct cortex was analyzed at 12 h and 24 h of reperfusion. The bulk abundance of m1A was measured by mass spectrometry and dot blot, and transcriptome-wide m1A alterations ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Long-Term Course of Circulating Elastin, Collagen Type I, and Collagen Type III in Patients with Spontaneous Cervical Artery Dissection: a Prospective Multicenter Study
This study aimed to explore the temporal course of circulating elastin, collagen type I, and collagen type III in patients with sCAD and evaluated their eligibility as diagnostic biomarkers. Patients with sCAD were prospectively enrolled in four German stroke centers. Blood samples were collected at baseline (acute phase), at day 10 ± 3 (subacute phase), and after 6 ± 1 months (chronic phase). Patients with acute ischemic stroke not related to sCAD, healthy probands, and patients undergoing thromboendarterectomy of the carotid artery served as control groups. Serum levels of elastin and collagen types I and III...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 10, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Nomogram for Predicting Long-term Outcomes of Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis in Toddlers with Moyamoya Disease: a Longitudinal and Cross-sectional Study
AbstractWe investigated the long-term outcomes of encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) for stroke prevention in toddlers with moyamoya disease (MMD) using nomogram. Between January 2005 and December 2018, 74 toddlers with MMD underwent surgery in the Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 69 were < 4 years of age and included in the analysis. The modified Rankin scale (mRS) during follow-up evaluated clinical outcomes. To measure the effectiveness of EDAS, the annual risk of symptomatic infarction within the operated brain hemispheres was calculated. The event-free survival rate was determ ined usi...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 9, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Inhibition of GPR17/ID2 Axis Improve Remyelination and Cognitive Recovery after SAH by Mediating OPC Differentiation in Rat Model
This study positions GPR17 as a potential therapeutic target for SAH intervention. The interplay between GPR17 and ID2 introduces a novel avenue for ameliorating cognitive deficits post-SAH. (Source: Translational Stroke Research)
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 7, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
New Wine in an Old Bottle: tPA for Ischemic Stroke Management
AbstractAs the only clinical thrombolytic drug approved by the FDA, tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is the good standard acute treatment against ischemic stroke (IS) during the super-early stage. tPA forms the active principle of alteplase, a recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA), which is well known for its intravascular thrombolytic activity. However, the multifaceted functions of tPA in the central nervous system (CNS) hold untapped potential. Currently, increasing studies have explored the neuroprotective function of tPA in neurological diseases, particularly in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). A ser...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 3, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Intracerebral Transplantation of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Functional Recovery in a Rat Model of Chronic Ischemic Stroke
In this study, rats underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to induce stroke followed by bone marrow aspiration and MSC expansion in a closed bioreactor. Four weeks later, brain MRI was obtained and autoMSCs (1 × 106, 2.5 × 106 or 5 × 106;n = 6 each) were stereotactically injected into the peri-infarct and compared to controls (MCAO only; MCAO + PBS;n = 6 –9). Behavior was assessed using the modified neurological severity score (mNSS). For comparison, an additional cohort of MCAO rats were implanted with 2.5 × 106 alloMSCs generated from a healthy rat. All doses of autoMSCs produced significant improvement ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 2, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Blood Oxygenation Level –Dependent Cerebrovascular Reactivity–Derived Steal Phenomenon May Indicate Tissue Reperfusion Failure After Successful Endovascular Thrombectomy
AbstractIn acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion (LVO), the clinical outcome after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is influenced by the extent of autoregulatory hemodynamic impairment, which can be derived from blood oxygenation level –dependent cerebrovascular reactivity (BOLD-CVR). BOLD-CVR imaging identifies brain areas influenced by hemodynamic steal. We sought to investigate the presence of steal phenomenon and its relationship to DWI lesions and clinical deficit in the acute phase of ischemic stroke following successful v essel recanalization.From the prospective longitudinal IMPreST (Interplay of Mic...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 25, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: a Review of the Pathophysiological Mechanisms
AbstractCerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) refers to the age-dependent pathological processes involving the brain small vessels and leading to vascular cognitive impairment, intracerebral hemorrhage, and acute lacunar ischemic stroke. Despite the significant public health burden of cSVD, disease-specific therapeutics remain unavailable due to the incomplete understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Recent advances in neuroimaging acquisition and processing capabilities as well as findings from cSVD animal models have revealed critical roles of several age-dependent processes in cSVD pathogenesis incl...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Propranolol or Beta-Blockers for Cerebral Cavernous Malformation: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Literature in Both Preclinical and Clinical Studies
AbstractCerebral cavernous malformation (CCM), either sporadic or familial, is a devastating vascular malformation affecting the central nervous system that can present with intracerebral hemorrhage, seizure, and new focal neurologic deficits resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality. To date, there is no effective evidence-based preventive regimen. There have been several preclinical and clinical studies investigating the potential mechanisms and benefits of beta-blockers, especially on propranolol. We aimed to conduct a systematic review on the published literature investigating the use of beta-blockers in the tre...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 19, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
