MASP-2 and MASP-3 inhibitors block complement activation, inflammation, and microvascular stasis in a murine model of vaso-occlusion in sickle cell disease
Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) have ongoing hemolysis that promotes endothelial injury, complement activation, inflammation, vaso-occlusion, ischemia-reperfusion pathophysiology, and pain. Complement activation markers are increased in SCD in steady-state and further increased during vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC). However, the mechanisms driving complement activation in SCD have not been completely elucidated. Ischemia-reperfusion and heme released from hemoglobin during hemolysis, events that characterize SCD pathophysiology, can activate the lectin pathway (LP) and alternative pathway (AP), respectively. (Source: ...
Source: Translational Research - July 22, 2022 Category: Research Authors: John D. Belcher, Julia Nguyen, Chunsheng Chen, Fuad Abdulla, Ruan Conglin, Zalaya K. Ivy, Jason Cummings, Thomas Dudler, Gregory M. Vercellotti Source Type: research
Identifying endotypes of individuals after an attack of pancreatitis based on unsupervised machine learning of multiplex cytokine profiles
After an attack of pancreatitis, individuals may develop metabolic sequelae (e.g., new-onset diabetes) and/or pancreatic cancer. These new-onset morbidities are, at least in part, driven by low-grade inflammation. The aim was to study the profiles of cytokines/chemokines in individuals after an attack of pancreatitis. A commercially available panel including 31 cytokines/chemokines was investigated. Random forest classifier and unsupervised hierarchical clustering was applied to study participants (who had no persistent organ failure and did not require ICU admission) according to their cytokine/chemokine profiles. (Source...
Source: Translational Research - July 17, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Wandia Kimita, Sakina H. Bharmal, Juyeon Ko, Maxim S. Petrov Source Type: research
Human lung organoids as a model for respiratory virus replication and countermeasure performance in human hosts
Human respiratory viruses induce a wide breadth of disease phenotypes and outcomes of varying severity. Innovative models that recapitulate the human respiratory tract are needed to study such viruses, understand the virus-host interactions underlying replication and pathogenesis, and to develop effective countermeasures for prevention and treatment. Human organoid models provide a platform to study virus-host interactions in the proximal to distal lung in the absence of a human in vivo model. These cultures fill the niche of a suitable ex vivo model that represents the in vivo lung environment and encapsulates the structu...
Source: Translational Research - July 15, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Caitlin E. Edwards, Aleksandra Tata, Ralph S. Baric Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Recent advances in the development of transplanted colorectal cancer mouse models
Despite progress in prevention and treatment, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most common malignancy worldwide and the second most common cause of cancer death in 2020. To evaluate various characteristics of human CRC, a variety of mouse models have been established. Transplant mouse models have distinct advantages in studying the clinical behaviour and therapeutic progress of CRC. Host, xenograft, and transplantation routes are the basis of transplant mouse models. As the effects of the tumour microenvironment and the systemic environment on cancer cells are gradually revealed, three key elements of transplanted...
Source: Translational Research - July 15, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Yu-Shen Yang, Chu-Yun Liu, Dan Wen, Da-Zhi Gao, Shu Lin, He-fan He, Xue-Feng Zhao Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
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(Source: Translational Research)
Source: Translational Research - July 13, 2022 Category: Research Source Type: research
