Correction: Starburst amacrine cells, involved in visual motion perception, lose their synaptic input from dopaminergic amacrine cells and degenerate in Parkinson ’s disease patients
(Source: Translational Neurodegeneration)
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - May 10, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Correction: Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light chain for the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of frontotemporal dementia
(Source: Translational Neurodegeneration)
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - May 9, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Microtubule acetylation dyshomeostasis in Parkinson ’s disease
AbstractThe inter-neuronal communication occurring in extensively branched neuronal cells is achieved primarily through the microtubule (MT)-mediated axonal transport system. This mechanistically regulated system delivers cargos (proteins, mRNAs and organelles such as mitochondria) back and forth from the soma to the synapse. Motor proteins like kinesins and dynein mechanistically regulate polarized anterograde (from the soma to the synapse) and retrograde (from the synapse to the soma) commute of the cargos, respectively. Proficient axonal transport of such cargos is achieved by altering the microtubule stability via po...
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - May 8, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
An AARS1 variant identified to cause adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with neuroaxonal spheroids and pigmented glia
(Source: Translational Neurodegeneration)
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - April 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Redox dysregulation as a driver for DNA damage and its relationship to neurodegenerative diseases
AbstractRedox homeostasis refers to the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and their elimination by antioxidants. It is linked to all important cellular activities and oxidative stress is a result of imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidant species. Oxidative stress perturbs many cellular activities, including processes that maintain the integrity of DNA. Nucleic acids are highly reactive and therefore particularly susceptible to damage. The DNA damage response detects and repairs these DNA lesions. Efficient DNA repair processes are therefore e...
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - April 14, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Starburst amacrine cells, involved in visual motion perception, lose their synaptic input from dopaminergic amacrine cells and degenerate in Parkinson ’s disease patients
ConclusionsTaken together, this work indicates degeneration of starburst amacrine cells in PD related to dopaminergic degeneration and that dopaminergic amacrine cells could modulate the function of starburst amacrine cells. Since motion perception circuitries are affected in PD, their assessment using visual tests could provide new insights into the diagnosis of PD. (Source: Translational Neurodegeneration)
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - April 3, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Starburst amacrine cells, involved in visual motion perception, loose their synaptic input from dopaminergic amacrine cells and degenerate in Parkinson ’s disease patients
ConclusionsTaken together, this work indicates degeneration of starburst amacrine cells in PD related to dopaminergic degeneration and that dopaminergic amacrine cells could modulate the function of starburst amacrine cells. Since motion perception circuitries are affected in PD, their assessment using visual tests could provide new insights into the diagnosis of PD. (Source: Translational Neurodegeneration)
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - April 3, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Argyrophilic grain disease is common in older adults and may be a risk factor for suicide: a study of Japanese forensic autopsy cases
ConclusionOur study demonstrated that AGD is a significant and isolated risk factor for psychiatric hospital visits and suicide completion. In older adults, AGs may contribute to the progression of functional impairment of the limbic system, which leads to psychiatric disorders and suicide attempts. (Source: Translational Neurodegeneration)
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - April 1, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Modulating arousal to overcome gait impairments in Parkinson ’s disease: how the noradrenergic system may act as a double-edged sword
AbstractIn stressful or anxiety-provoking situations, most people with Parkinson ’s disease (PD) experience a general worsening of motor symptoms, including their gait impairments. However, a proportion of patients actually report benefits from experiencing—or even purposely inducing—stressful or high-arousal situations. Using data from a large-scale international survey s tudy among 4324 people with PD and gait impairments within the online Fox Insight (USA) and ParkinsonNEXT (NL) cohorts, we demonstrate that individuals with PD deploy an array of mental state alteration strategies to cope with their gait impairment...
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - March 26, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Toward a biomarker panel measured in CNS-originating extracellular vesicles for improved differential diagnosis of Parkinson ’s disease and multiple system atrophy
(Source: Translational Neurodegeneration)
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - March 20, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Seed amplification assay of nasal swab extracts for accurate and non-invasive molecular diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases
AbstractNasal swabs are non-invasive testing methods for detecting diseases by collecting samples from the nasal cavity or nasopharynx. Dysosmia is regarded as an early sign of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and nasal swabs are the gold standard for the detection. By nasal swabs, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acids can be cyclically amplified and detected using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction after sampling. Similarly, olfactory dysfunction precedes the onset of typical clinical manifestations by several years in prion diseases and other neurodegenerati...
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - March 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
α-Synuclein conformers reveal link to clinical heterogeneity of α-synucleinopathies
Abstractα-Synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and multiple system atrophy, are a class of neurodegenerative diseases exhibiting intracellular inclusions of misfolded α-synuclein (αSyn), referred to as Lewy bodies or oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusion s (Papp–Lantos bodies). Even though the specific cellular distribution of aggregated αSyn differs in PD and DLB patients, both groups show a significant pathological overlap, raising the discussion of whether PD and DLB are the same or different diseases. Besides clinical investigation, we will f ocus in addition on ...
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - March 14, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Alleviating the unwanted effects of oxidative stress on A β clearance: a review of related concepts and strategies for the development of computational modelling
AbstractTreatment for Alzheimer ’s disease (AD) can be more effective in the early stages. Although we do not completely understand the aetiology of the early stages of AD, potential pathological factors (amyloid beta [Aβ] and tau) and other co-factors have been identified as causes of AD, which may indicate some of the mechani sm at work in the early stages of AD. Today, one of the primary techniques used to help delay or prevent AD in the early stages involves alleviating the unwanted effects of oxidative stress on Aβ clearance. 4-Hydroxynonenal (HNE), a product of lipid peroxidation caused by oxidative stress, plays...
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - March 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Inflammasome activation under high cholesterol load triggers a protective microglial phenotype while promoting neuronal pyroptosis
ConclusionsChanges in intracellular cholesterol levels differentially regulate the inflammasome-mediated immune response in microglia and neuronal cells. Given the microglia-neuron cross-talk in the brain, cholesterol modulation should be considered a potential therapeutic target for AD treatment, which may help to block the aberrant and chronic inflammation observed during the disease progression. (Source: Translational Neurodegeneration)
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - March 9, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Recent advances on the molecular mechanisms of exercise-induced improvements of cognitive dysfunction
AbstractPhysical exercise is of great significance for maintaining human health. Exercise can provide varying degrees of benefits to cognitive function at all stages of life cycle. Currently, with the aging of the world ’s population and increase of life expectancy, cognitive dysfunction has gradually become a disease of high incidence, which is accompanied by neurodegenerative diseases in elderly individuals. Patients often exhibit memory loss, aphasia and weakening of orientation once diagnosed, and are unable to have a normal life. Cognitive dysfunction largely affects the physical and mental health, reduces the quali...
Source: Translational Neurodegeneration - February 27, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
