Toxic responses of metabolites produced by Ostreopsis cf. ovata on a panel of cell types
Toxicon. 2024 Feb 6;240:107631. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107631. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBlooms of the dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata are regularly associated with human intoxications that are attributed to ovatoxins (OVTXs), the main toxic compounds produced by this organism and close analogs to palytoxin (PlTX). Unlike for PlTX, information on OVTXs'toxicity are scarce due to the absence of commercial standards. Extracts from two cultures of Mediterranean strains of O. cf. ovata (MCCV54 and MCCV55), two fractions containing or not OVTXs (prepared from the MCCV54 extract) and OVTX-a and -d (isolated from the...
Source: Toxicon - February 8, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Rachelle Lanceleur Marin-Pierre G émin Anne-Louise Blier Lisa Meslier Damien R éveillon Zouher Amzil Eva Ternon Olivier P Thomas Val érie Fessard Source Type: research
Ageratina adenophora causes intestinal integrity damage in goats via the activation of the MLCK/ROCK signaling pathway
In this study, after feeding goats with 40 % A. adenophora herb powder for 90 d, we found that the intestinal structure of goats showed pathological changes characterized, and the damage to the small intestinal segments was more severe than that of the large intestine. The MLCK/ROCK signaling pathway was activated, the cytoskeleton underwent centripetal contraction, the composition of tight junctions between intestinal epithelial cells was altered table, Occludin, Claudin-1 and Zonula occluden (ZO-1) amount was decreased, and the intestinal mechanical barrier was disrupted. The intestinal damage markers diamine oxidase (DA...
Source: Toxicon - February 8, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Jianchen Wang Shu Wang Samuel Kumi Okyere Juan Wen Xiaoxuan Wang Ruya Huang Ziyao Tang Suizhong Cao Juliang Deng Zhihua Ren Yanchun Hu Source Type: research
Arenobufagin, isolated from Bufo viridis toad venom, inhibits A549 cells proliferation by inducing apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest
In this study, we further explored the impact of arenobufagin on A549 cells. The results revealed that it exerted a potent cytotoxic effect on A549 cells by inhibiting cell colony formation, promoting cell apoptosis, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and arresting A549 cells in G2/M phase. Collectively, our findings suggested that arenobufagin may have potential as a future therapeutic for lung cancer treatment.PMID:38331108 | DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107641 (Source: Toxicon)
Source: Toxicon - February 8, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Qiang Dong Gulmira Turdu Haji Akber Aisa Abulimiti Yili Source Type: research
Distinct cardiotoxic effects by venoms of a spitting cobra (Naja pallida) and a rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) revealed using an ex vivo Langendorff heart model
Toxicon. 2024 Feb 6;240:107637. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107637. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHere we describe the acute myocardial effects of an elapid (red spitting cobra, Naja pallida) and a viper (western diamondback rattlesnake, Crotalus atrox) venom using an ex vivo heart model. Our results reveal two different pathophysiological trajectories that influence heart function and morphology. While cobra venom causes a drop in contractile force, rattlesnake venom causes enhanced contractility and frequency that coincides with differences in myocellular morphology. This highlights the medical complexity of snake venom-...
Source: Toxicon - February 8, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Ronald Vlasblom Jory van Thiel M átyás A Bittenbinder Jon-Ruben van Rhijn Rinske Drost Lotte Muis Julien Slagboom Daniela Salvatori Jeroen Kool Robert Jan Veldman Source Type: research
Dietary supplementation of Capsicum powder affects the growth, immunoglobulins, pro-inflammatory cytokines, adipokines, meat, and liver histology of aflatoxin B1 exposed broiler chickens
In conclusion, 0.5 g/kg CPAF dietary supplementation may help to ameliorate the adverse effects of AFB1 exposure on broiler chicken health, specifically the growth, immune parameters and liver histology.PMID:38325757 | DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107640 (Source: Toxicon)
Source: Toxicon - February 7, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Olugbenga D Oloruntola Simeon O Ayodele Deborah A Oloruntola Olumuyiwa J Olarotimi Andrew B Falowo Victor O Akinduro Francis A Gbore Olufemi A Adu Johnson O Agbede Source Type: research
Bufalin reprograms erythrocyte lifespan through p38 MAPK and Rac1 GTPase
In conclusion, BFN elicits premature RBC death, subject to regulation by p38 MAPK and Rac1 GTPase, and is detrimental to other peripheral blood cells. Altogether, these novel findings prompt cautious consideration of the toxin in anticancer therapy.PMID:38316294 | DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107636 (Source: Toxicon)
Source: Toxicon - February 5, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Mohammad A Alfhili Jawaher Alsughayyir Source Type: research
Daboialipase, a phospholipase A < sub > 2 < /sub > from Vipera russelli russelli venom posesses anti-platelet, anti-thrombin and anti-cancer properties
Toxicon. 2024 Feb 23;239:107632. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107632. Epub 2024 Feb 2.ABSTRACTSnake venoms are known to contain toxins capable of interfering with normal physiological processes of victims. Specificity of toxins from snake venoms give scope to identify new molecules with therapeutic action and/or help to understand different cellular mechanisms. Russell's viper venom (RVV) is a mixture of many bioactive molecules with enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins. The present article describes Daboialipase (DLP), an enzymatic phospholipase A2 with molecular mass of 14.3 kDa isolated from RVV. DLP was obtained after c...
Source: Toxicon - February 4, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Nivedita Kolvekar Navodipa Bhattacharya Sukanta Mondal Angshuman Sarkar Dibakar Chakrabarty Source Type: research
First report of clinically significant bites due to Platyceps ventromaculatus (GRAY, 1834) from Thar Desert region, Rajasthan, India
CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, P. ventromaculatus has so far not been reported to result in envenoming or medically significant bites. This study highlights that Platyceps bite can present with clinically significant local and possibly systemic findings that may lead to confusion with saw-scaled viper (Echis) envenoming. Clinicians must receive appropriate training so as to be aware and recognize regional snake species that do not require antivenom so as to avoid unnecessary antivenom administration.PMID:38311255 | DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107638 (Source: Toxicon)
Source: Toxicon - February 4, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Akhilesh Kumar P H Sourish Kuttalam Divya Tanwar Bharat Choudhary Mahendra Kumar Garg Maya Gopalakrishnan Source Type: research
Wild mushroom poisoning: A case study of amatoxin-containing mushrooms and implications for public health
Toxicon. 2024 Feb 3;240:107639. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107639. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWild mushroom poisoning is a global public health concern, with mushrooms containing amatoxins being the main cause of fatalities. Mushrooms from the genus Amanita and Galerina contain amatoxins. Here we present a case of wild mushroom poisoning that affected three individuals, resulting in two fatalities. Within 10-15 hours after consumption, they experienced symptoms of gastroenteritis such as vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. One individual sought medical attention promptly and recovered, while the other two sought me...
Source: Toxicon - February 4, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Zhifan He Xiaohui Li Min Feng Xixi Wang Yao Wang Jianxin Chen Source Type: research
TLC and HPLC methods for the determination of plumbagin for the diagnosis of poisoning by Plumbago scandens L
Toxicon. 2024 Feb 23;239:107634. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107634. Epub 2024 Feb 1.ABSTRACTPlumbago scandens L. (Plumbaginaceae) occurs in all regions of Brazil. It has been described as toxic to cattle and goats. Caustic lesions in the upper digestive tract characterize poisoning. P. scandens contains a naphthoquinone named plumbagin, which presents high cytotoxic activity. Plumbago auriculata Lam., a widely used ornamental plant, is considered potentially toxic, but there is limited data about its toxicity. This work aimed to validate analytical methodologies for determining the levels of plumbagin in samples of leaves...
Source: Toxicon - February 2, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Carlos Jos é Rocha Teixeira Barbara Pereira Dos Santos Carolina Julia Costa Saraiva Helo ísa de Paula Pedroza Silvia Catarina Salgado Oloris Benito Soto-Blanco Source Type: research
Evaluation of spontaneous exploratory and anxiety-related behaviors of mice treated with gymnopilins obtained from the mushroom Gymnopilus imperialis (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota)
Toxicon. 2024 Jan 28;240:107626. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107626. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGymnopilins are long chain oligoisoprenoids produced through the condensation of isoprene units from MEV and MEP biosynthetic pathways. In Gymnopilus, these carotenoid-like molecules are recognized as major compounds in some species. In the present study, oligoisoprenoids derived from gymnopilins were dereplicated from Gymnopilus imperialis, a mushroom-forming basidiomycete, using liquid chromatographic coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (tandem LC-HRMS/MS) and GNPS. From the dichloromethane extract (Gym-DCM) of G...
Source: Toxicon - January 30, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Lha ís Araújo Caldas Beatriz Gangale Muratori Andressa Gabriela Soliani Suzete Maria Cerutti Patr ícia Sartorelli Source Type: research
Mathematical models for predicting protodioscin in tropical forage grasses
Toxicon. 2024 Jan 24;240:107628. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107628. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTProtodioscin is a saponin present in grasses that can lead to losses in animal production. Our hypothesis was that mathematical models can accurately and precisely predict the protodioscin concentration in tropical grasses. We evaluated the ability of four mathematical models to describe the protodioscin concentration in Brachiaria and Panicum cultivars with different regrowth periods. Six cultivars of Panicum: Aruana, Massai, Mombaça, Tanzânia, Tamani, and Zuri; and five of Brachiaria-grass: Marandu, Paiaguás, Piatã, Xar...
Source: Toxicon - January 26, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Juliana Caroline Santos Santana Gelson Dos Santos Difante J éssica Gomes Rodrigues Marislayne de Gusm ão Pereira Henrique Jorge Fernandes Camila Celeste Brand ão Ferreira Ítavo Vanessa Zirondi Longhini Alexandre Menezes Dias Lu ís Carlos Vinhas Ítav Source Type: research
STS ⅡA inhibited angiogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma by activating FOXO3 to inhibit CXCL1/STAT3/VEGF pathway
CONCLUSION: Our study finally elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism by which STS ⅡA inhibits LUAD angiogenesis.PMID:38253207 | DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107627 (Source: Toxicon)
Source: Toxicon - January 22, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Bu Wang Fang Zou Gu Xin Bao-Li Xiang Jian-Qing Zhao Sheng-Fang Yuan Xiu-Long Zhang Zhi-Hua Zhang Source Type: research
Chicken CYP1A5 is able to hydroxylate aflatoxin B < sub > 1 < /sub > to aflatoxin M < sub > 1 < /sub >
In this study, we aimed to investigate the roles of CYP1A5 and CYP3A37 in the bioconversion of AFB1 to AFM1. Our results showed that chicken CYP1A5 was able to hydroxylate AFB1 to AFM1. The formation of AFM1 followed the typical Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The kinetics parameters of Vmax and Km were determined as 0.83 ± 0.039 nmol/min/nmol P450 and 26.9 ± 4.52 μM respectively. Docking simulations further revealed that AFB1 adopts a "side-on" conformation in chicken CYP1A5, facilitating the hydroxylation of the C9a atom and the production of AFM1. On the other hand, AFB1 assumes a "face-on" conformation in chicken CYP3A37...
Source: Toxicon - January 20, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Yiyang Yuan Mei Li Xinghui Qiu Source Type: research
Evaluation of acute toxicity of Scabiosa artropurperea var.maritima aqueous extracts in Swiss mice
Toxicon. 2024 Feb 23;239:107614. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107614. Epub 2024 Jan 17.ABSTRACTScabiosa artropurperea var.maritima is a plant widely distributed in the Mediterranean region and used as a traditional medicine. The present study evaluated the biochemical composition and the potential toxicity of aqueous extract of whole Scabiosa artropurperea var.maritima through acute toxicity oral administration in male mice. Phytochemical analysis of the Scabiosa artropurperea var.maritima revealed high levels of reductor sugars and significant flavonoid and total phenol content. The aqueous extract of Scabiosa artropurpere...
Source: Toxicon - January 18, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Wijden Niama Samia Ben Said Christelle Rame Mohamed Aroua Mokhtar Mahouachi Pascal Froment Jo ëlle Dupont Source Type: research
