Revamped mini- αA-crystallin showed improved skin permeation and therapeutic activity against melittin-induced toxicity
This study compared the skin permeation, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of natural peptide MAC and its modified version (MAC-GRD) formed by attaching cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) and GRD amino residues into MAC. Gel formulations were prepared for MAC and MAC-GRD peptides using carbopol (1% w/w), Tween 80 (1%), and ethanol (10%). An ex-vivo skin permeation study was performed using a vertical-type Franz diffusion apparatus. Preclinical in-vivo experiments were conducted to compare the native and modified peptide formulations against melittin-induced toxicity in Wistar rats. MAC gel, MAC-GRD gel and 1% hydrocor...
Source: Toxicon - January 11, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Tenzin Tender Rakesh Ravishankar Rahangdale Madhavan Nampoothiri Ruchira Raychaudhuri Srinivas Mutalik Krishna Sharma Raghu Chandrashekar H Source Type: research
Antimutagenic activity of different forms of Bifidobacterium lactis probiotic against aflatoxin B1 by Ames method
Toxicon. 2024 Feb 23;239:107608. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107608. Epub 2024 Jan 9.ABSTRACTThe health risks caused by aflatoxins, as one of the most important contaminants of human food and feed and the main cause of cancer, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were investigated. The aim of the study was to assess the antimutagenic effects of Bifidobacterium lactis (B. lactis) probiotic against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The study was conducted with 27 treatments and three replications. The independent variables were aflatoxin concentrations at three levels of 5, 15, and 25 ng/g and probiotic content in three forms of cel...
Source: Toxicon - January 11, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Mehdi Pakizeh Leila Nouri Mohammad Hossein Azizi Source Type: research
Challenges associated with the availability, accessibility, and use of antivenoms for treating snakebite envenoming in Ghana: A MaxDiff experiment design
This study aims to identify the challenges associated with the availability, accessibility, and use of antivenoms for treating SBE. The data for this study were obtained from a cross-sectional study involving healthcare workers from two districts (namely Afram Plains North and Afram Plains South) in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Through the MaxDiff design methodology, we quantify the challenges associated with the availability, accessibility, and use of antivenoms. Responses from a simple random sample of 203 healthcare workers were included in this study. Participants identified the high cost of antivenoms as the most chal...
Source: Toxicon - January 8, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Eric Nyarko Ebenezer Kwesi Ameho Samuel Iddi Louis Asiedu Source Type: research
Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, toxicity, and recent advances in Eugenol's potential benefits against natural and chemical noxious agents: A mechanistic review
Toxicon. 2024 Feb 1;238:107607. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107607. Epub 2024 Jan 7.ABSTRACTThe active biological phytochemicals, crucial compounds employed in creating hundreds of medications, are derived from valuable and medicinally significant plants. These phytochemicals offer excellent protection from various illnesses, including inflammatory disorders and chronic conditions caused by oxidative stress. A phenolic monoterpenoid known as eugenol (EUG), it is typically found in the essential oils of many plant species from the Myristicaceae, Myrtaceae, Lamiaceae, and Lauraceae families. One of the main ingredients of cl...
Source: Toxicon - January 8, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Negin Tavvabi-Kashani Maede Hasanpour Vafa Baradaran Rahimi Naser Vahdati-Mashhadian Vahid Reza Askari Source Type: research
Challenges associated with the availability, accessibility, and use of antivenoms for treating snakebite envenoming in Ghana: A MaxDiff experiment design
This study aims to identify the challenges associated with the availability, accessibility, and use of antivenoms for treating SBE. The data for this study were obtained from a cross-sectional study involving healthcare workers from two districts (namely Afram Plains North and Afram Plains South) in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Through the MaxDiff design methodology, we quantify the challenges associated with the availability, accessibility, and use of antivenoms. Responses from a simple random sample of 203 healthcare workers were included in this study. Participants identified the high cost of antivenoms as the most chal...
Source: Toxicon - January 8, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Eric Nyarko Ebenezer Kwesi Ameho Samuel Iddi Louis Asiedu Source Type: research
Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, toxicity, and recent advances in Eugenol's potential benefits against natural and chemical noxious agents: A mechanistic review
Toxicon. 2024 Jan 6:107607. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107607. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe active biological phytochemicals, crucial compounds employed in creating hundreds of medications, are derived from valuable and medicinally significant plants. These phytochemicals offer excellent protection from various illnesses, including inflammatory disorders and chronic conditions caused by oxidative stress. A phenolic monoterpenoid known as eugenol (EUG), it is typically found in the essential oils of many plant species from the Myristicaceae, Myrtaceae, Lamiaceae, and Lauraceae families. One of the main ingredients of ...
Source: Toxicon - January 8, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Negin Tavvabi-Kashani Maede Hasanpour Vafa Baradaran Rahimi Naser Vahdati-Mashhadian Vahid Reza Askari Source Type: research
Novel toxin-based mRNA vaccine against Clostridium perfringens using in silico approaches
In this study, computational tools were utilized to design a RNA vaccine targeting C. perfringens toxins. Toxin protein sequences were retrieved and their linear B-cell, MHCI, and MHCII binding epitopes were predicted. Allergenicity, toxigenicity, and IFN-γ induction were assessed to select non-allergenic, non-toxic, and IFN-γ-inducing epitopes. Molecular docking was performed to identify epitopes that fit within the binding cleft of MHC alleles. A final peptide vaccine construct was designed with selected epitopes separated by a linker sequence. The antigenicity and physicochemical properties of the vaccine were evaluat...
Source: Toxicon - January 7, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Parisa Asadollahi Behrooz Sadeghi Kalani Source Type: research
Novel toxin-based mRNA vaccine against Clostridium perfringens using in silico approaches
In this study, computational tools were utilized to design a RNA vaccine targeting C. perfringens toxins. Toxin protein sequences were retrieved and their linear B-cell, MHCI, and MHCII binding epitopes were predicted. Allergenicity, toxigenicity, and IFN-γ induction were assessed to select non-allergenic, non-toxic, and IFN-γ-inducing epitopes. Molecular docking was performed to identify epitopes that fit within the binding cleft of MHC alleles. A final peptide vaccine construct was designed with selected epitopes separated by a linker sequence. The antigenicity and physicochemical properties of the vaccine were evaluat...
Source: Toxicon - January 7, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Parisa Asadollahi Behrooz Sadeghi Kalani Source Type: research
Acute hepatic and kidney injury after ingestion of Lepiota brunneoincarnata: Report of 2 cases
Toxicon. 2024 Jan 4:107605. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107605. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTLepiota brunneoincarnata is a highly toxic mushroom species known to cause acute liver failure. However, there are limited reports investigating L. brunneoincarnata causing acute hepatic and renal damage. The present article reports 2 cases of L. brunneoincarnata poisoning in a mother and son from Chuxiong City, Yunnan Province, China. Both patients presented with gastrointestinal symptoms approximately 8-9 h after ingesting the suspect mushrooms and sought medical attention 27-28 h post-ingestion, both exhibiting acute hepatic an...
Source: Toxicon - January 6, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: JiaJu Zhong Pin Xu HaiJiao Li ChengYe Sun Yun Tong QunMei Yao ChengMin Yu Source Type: research
Mitigation of arsenic poisoning induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity by Ocimum gratissimum L
Toxicon. 2024 Jan 4:107603. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107603. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTArsenic toxicity is a major problem across the world due to geogenic activity and has been supposed to generate free radicals and genotoxicity among the arsenic-poisoned population. There is a need to find suitable free radical quenching compounds for the arsenic-induced free radical-affected population. In the present study, Na3AsO3- induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity were evaluated in Oryctolagus cuniculus L, and quenching competency of Ocimum species was examined by applying enzymatic and non-enzymatic in vitro tests, co...
Source: Toxicon - January 6, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Nikhil Mishra Seema Tripathi Lutfun Nahar Satyajit D Sarker Anil Kumar Source Type: research
Cyclotides derived from Viola dalatensis Gagnep: A novel approach for enrichment and evaluation of antimicrobial activity
This study used a novel approach to enhance cyclotides after extraction. The approach combined 30% ammonium sulfate salt precipitation and RP-HPLC. A comprehensive analysis was performed to ascertain the overall protein content, flavonoids content, polyphenol content, and free radical scavenging capacity of compounds derived from V. dalatensis. Six known cyclotides were sequenced utilizing MS tandem. Semi-purified cyclotide mixtures (M1, M2, and M3) exhibited antibacterial efficacy against Bacillus subtilis (inhibitory diameters: 19.67-23.50 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.17-23.50 mm), and Aspergillus flavus (14.67-21.33 ...
Source: Toxicon - January 5, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Tien T Dang Tam T T Tran Gia-Hoa Tran Son H Pham Tuan H N Nguyen Source Type: research
Full-length transcriptomics study of Ustiloxins-induced hepatocyte injury
In this study, we found that cell viability decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner when BNL CL.2 cells were treated with different concentrations of Ustiloxins (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 150 and 200 μg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. In addition, scanning electron microscope observation showed that the cell membrane of the experimental group was damaged, with the appearance of apoptotic bodies. Moreover, the ROS and GSH levels were significantly increased in cells exposed to Ustiloxins. We analyzed the key action targets of Ustiloxins on hepatocyte injury using full-length transcriptomics. A total of 1099 differenti...
Source: Toxicon - January 5, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Guomei Zhang Xuming Zhou Shanshan Liu Youning Ma Han Li Yingchun Du Zhaoyun Cao Lihua Sun Source Type: research
Cyclotides derived from Viola dalatensis Gagnep: A novel approach for enrichment and evaluation of antimicrobial activity
This study used a novel approach to enhance cyclotides after extraction. The approach combined 30% ammonium sulfate salt precipitation and RP-HPLC. A comprehensive analysis was performed to ascertain the overall protein content, flavonoids content, polyphenol content, and free radical scavenging capacity of compounds derived from V. dalatensis. Six known cyclotides were sequenced utilizing MS tandem. Semi-purified cyclotide mixtures (M1, M2, and M3) exhibited antibacterial efficacy against Bacillus subtilis (inhibitory diameters: 19.67-23.50 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.17-23.50 mm), and Aspergillus flavus (14.67-21.33 ...
Source: Toxicon - January 5, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Tien T Dang Tam T T Tran Gia-Hoa Tran Son H Pham Tuan H N Nguyen Source Type: research
Full-length transcriptomics study of Ustiloxins-induced hepatocyte injury
In this study, we found that cell viability decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner when BNL CL.2 cells were treated with different concentrations of Ustiloxins (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 150 and 200 μg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. In addition, scanning electron microscope observation showed that the cell membrane of the experimental group was damaged, with the appearance of apoptotic bodies. Moreover, the ROS and GSH levels were significantly increased in cells exposed to Ustiloxins. We analyzed the key action targets of Ustiloxins on hepatocyte injury using full-length transcriptomics. A total of 1099 differenti...
Source: Toxicon - January 5, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Guomei Zhang Xuming Zhou Shanshan Liu Youning Ma Han Li Yingchun Du Zhaoyun Cao Lihua Sun Source Type: research
Microcystin-LR-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like cells acquire resistance to multi-toxins
Toxicon. 2023 Dec 30;238:107592. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107592. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe protein phosphatase inhibitor microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a hepatocyte-selective cyanotoxin, induces phenotypic changes in HEK293 OATP1B3-expressing (HEK293-OATP1B3) cells, which include cytoskeletal reorganization (HEK293-OATP1B3-AD) and anoikis resistance (HEK293-OATP1B3-FL) transformed cells, respectively. These cells acquire resistance to MC-LR and partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) characteristics. In cancer cells, EMT is generally involved in multi-drug resistance. Here, we focused on the multi-drug resista...
Source: Toxicon - January 1, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Shota Takumi Masaru Tomioka Yasunari Yunoki Risa Eto Yumiko Komatsu Kazuhiro Shiozaki Masaharu Komatsu Source Type: research
