Comparison of activity levels derived from two accelerometers in dogs with osteoarthritis: Implications for clinical trials
This study was conducted to evaluate a novel accelerometer that allows for remote download of data via Wi-Fi (Heyrex), to compare automatically generated parameters quantifying activity levels to previously established cut-points (Actical) and to describe the variability of accelerometer data in dogs with osteoarthritis. Twelve client-owned dogs with osteoarthritis were fitted with a collar with two accelerometers (Heyrex and Actical). Accelerometer data were recorded for 28 days. Pearson bivariate correlations and coefficient of variation (CV%) were calculated for accelerometer data.There was a strong correlation between ...
Source: The Veterinary Journal - August 16, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Estimation of perinatal mortality in dairy calves: A review
Publication date: Available online 16 August 2019Source: The Veterinary JournalAuthor(s): Emma Cuttance, Richard LavenAbstractDairy calf mortality is of interest worldwide as animal welfare continues to increase in importance to the consumer. This review summarises overall estimations of perinatal mortality from published literature, then further explores the limitations of each publication as well as its applicability, and challenges faced in use of the generated data for comparisons. The first limitation is the definition of perinatal mortality. There is no agreed definition of the period over which perinatal mortality c...
Source: The Veterinary Journal - August 16, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Associations between neutering and idiopathic epilepsy in Labrador retrievers and Border collies under primary veterinary care in the UK
This study aimed to explore the timing of neutering with respect to onset of seizures in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy. Associations between neutering and both age of onset of seizures and the occurrence of cluster seizures or status epilepticus were examined. Survival analysis investigated the effects of sex-neuter categories. The median survival time of Border collies was compared with data previously reported in literature.The study included veterinary primary-care clinical data on 117 Labrador retrievers and 57 Border collies diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy from the VetCompass project in the UK. The majority (74.2%;...
Source: The Veterinary Journal - August 14, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
An equine cadaver study investigating the relationship between cervical flexion, nuchal ligament elongation and pressure at the first and second cervical vertebra
In this study, ten equine head and neck specimens with one side of the soft tissues over the cervical vertebral spine removed were placed in lateral recumbency on a table in neutral, mildly flexed, and hyperflexed head and neck positions. Angulations of the neck were measured using markers placed on the nuchal ligament and drilled into the skull, vertebrae and withers. In six specimens, the pressure between the nuchal ligament and the atlas and the axis was measured using an inflatable air pouch.Hyperflexion was associated with the highest nuchal ligament length and with the highest pressure values at the site of the nucha...
Source: The Veterinary Journal - August 9, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Relationships between failure of passive transfer and subsequent mortality, bodyweights and lactation performance in 12-36 month old heifers on pasture-based, seasonal calving dairy farms in New Zealand
This study examined the long-term effects of failure of passive transfer of immunity (FPT; diagnosed at 1-8 days of age) on subsequent milk production, growth, reproduction, and lactation performance in dairy heifers from 12 to 36 months of age. A total of 34 farms from the Waikato and Canterbury regions of New Zealand were enrolled in 2015. Each farm was visited on three occasions during the seasonal calving period (early, middle, and late). Blood samples were collected at each visit from 20 replacement heifer calves aged between 1 and 7 days to test for FPT. These heifers (n=1879) were monitored from birth until the end ...
Source: The Veterinary Journal - August 6, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Comparison of fasted basal insulin with the combined glucose-insulin test in horses and ponies with suspected insulin dysregulation
In conclusion, FI correlated well with CGIT results and had adequate sensitivity and specificity at lower cut-offs, despite poor sensitivity at conventional cut-off values. Further research to derive cut-off values relevant to the fasting period is warranted. (Source: The Veterinary Journal)
Source: The Veterinary Journal - August 6, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Effects of general anaesthesia in dorsal recumbency with and without vatinoxan on bronchoalveolar lavage cytology of healthy horses
In this study, anaesthesia in dorsal recumbency resulted in no clinically relevant changes in airway cytology that could be differentiated from the effect of repeated BALF sampling. No differences in BALF matrix metalloproteinase gelatinolytic activity could be detected between the two treatments or the control series. Marked increase in serum amyloid A was detected in some animals. Vatinoxan as premedication did not consistently affect lung cytology or blood inflammatory markers after anaesthesia. (Source: The Veterinary Journal)
Source: The Veterinary Journal - August 6, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: August 2019Source: The Veterinary Journal, Volume 250Author(s): (Source: The Veterinary Journal)
Source: The Veterinary Journal - August 3, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Effect of clinical signs, endocrinopathies, timing of surgery, hyperlipidemia, and hyperbilirubinemia on outcome in dogs with gallbladder mucocele
This study identified several prognostic variables in dogs with GBM including total serum/plasma bilirubin concentration, age, clinical signs, concurrent hyperadrenocorticism, and the Pomeranian breed. The presence of hypothyroidism or diabetes mellitus did not impact outcome in this study. (Source: The Veterinary Journal)
Source: The Veterinary Journal - August 1, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, treatment and outcome of acute organophosphate or carbamate intoxication in 102 dogs: A retrospective study
Publication date: Available online 31 July 2019Source: The Veterinary JournalAuthor(s): S. Klainbart, M. Grabernik, E. Kelmer, O. Chai, O. Cuneah, G. Segev, I. ArochAbstractOrganophosphates (OP) and carbamates are commonly used insecticides and important intoxication sources of humans and animals. Nevertheless, large scale studies of these intoxications in dogs are unavailable. The medical records of dogs presented to a veterinary hospital were reviewed retrospectively. The study included 102 dogs definitely diagnosed with acute OP or carbamate intoxication.The most common presenting clinical signs included muscle tremor, ...
Source: The Veterinary Journal - August 1, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Pulmonary hypertension secondary to respiratory disease and/or hypoxia in dogs: Clinical features, diagnostic testing and survival
Publication date: Available online 30 July 2019Source: The Veterinary JournalAuthor(s): J.A. Jaffey, K. Wiggen, S.B. Leach, I. Masseau, R.E. Girens, C.R. ReineroAbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with substantial morbidity and if untreated, mortality. The human classification of PH is based on pathological, hemodynamic characteristics, and therapeutic approaches. Despite being a leading cause of PH, little is known about dogs with respiratory disease and/or hypoxia (RD/H)-associated PH. Therefore, our objectives were to retrospectively describe clinical features, diagnostic evaluations, final diagnoses and i...
Source: The Veterinary Journal - July 31, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Intranasal dexmedetomidine in healthy beagles: An echocardiographic and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic study
Publication date: Available online 27 July 2019Source: The Veterinary JournalAuthor(s): B. Santangelo, M. Harel, I. Fourel, F. Micieli, M. Cataldi, E. Segard-Weisse, K. PortierAbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the sedative and cardiovascular effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) administrated via intranasal (IN) and intramuscular (IM) routes. This masked, randomised, crossover study used six male beagle dogs, receiving 0.02 mg/kg dexmedetomidine either IN (DEX-IN) or IM (DEX-IM), and an equal volume of saline by the alternative route. Dexmedetomidine plasma concentration was measured before (TB) and at time points ...
Source: The Veterinary Journal - July 28, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Diagnosis of spontaneous hyperadrenocorticism in dogs. Part 2: Adrenal function testing and differentiating tests
Publication date: Available online 27 July 2019Source: The Veterinary JournalAuthor(s): Michael Bennaim, Robert E. Shiel, Carmel T. MooneyAbstractHyperadrenocorticism is a relatively common endocrine disorder in dogs that has been extensively described. However, its diagnosis remains challenging because there is no true reference standard test, and a myriad of factors can affect the diagnostic performance of the commonly used adrenal function tests. Ultimately, the diagnosis is based on a combination of signalment, history and clinical findings, and a variety of diagnostic test results. The second part of this review aims ...
Source: The Veterinary Journal - July 28, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Aerodigestive disorders in dogs evaluated for cough using respiratory fluoroscopy and videofluoroscopic swallow studies
In conclusion, canine aerodigestive disorders can manifest as cough without alimentary signs. VFSS is a useful diagnostic to determine the contribution of esophageal/gastrointestinal pathology in dogs with cough. (Source: The Veterinary Journal)
Source: The Veterinary Journal - July 28, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Effects of vatinoxan on cardiorespiratory function, fecal output and plasma drug concentrations in horses anesthetized with isoflurane and infusion of medetomidine
In conclusion, premedication with vatinoxan induced hypotension, thus its use in anesthetized horses warrants further studies. Even though heart rate and arterial blood pressures remained clinically acceptable with MED, cardiac performance and oxygen delivery were lower than with MED+V. (Source: The Veterinary Journal)
Source: The Veterinary Journal - July 28, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
