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Pharmacologic Management of Non-Eosinophilic Esophagitis Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases
Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2024 May;44(2):397-406. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2024.01.010. Epub 2024 Feb 10.ABSTRACTData for pharmacologic treatments for non-eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) are limited. Nevertheless, because of the increasing understanding of EGID pathogenesis, a number of medications are used to treat EGIDs, though all are currently off-label. Initial therapy generally starts with corticosteroids, and "topical" delivery is preferred over systemic due to long-term side effects. A number of other small molecules could potentially be used, ranging from allergy medica...
Source: The Medical Clinics of North America - April 4, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Evan S Dellon Sandeep K Gupta Source Type: research

Implications of Malignancy, Radiation, and Timing of Major Nasal Reconstruction
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2024 May;32(2):189-198. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2023.12.001. Epub 2024 Jan 9.ABSTRACTOwing to the complex, multilayered anatomy of the nose in the central face, major nasal reconstruction can pose a significant challenge for reconstructive surgeons. It is the responsibility of reconstructive surgeons to have an understanding of the most common cutaneous malignancies and excisional techniques that may lead to complex nasal defects. The purpose of this article is to discuss these malignancies, excisional techniques, and impacts of radiation on tissue that has implications for reconstructive surgeo...
Source: The Medical Clinics of North America - April 4, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Jin Soo Song Stephen P Smith Chaz L Stucken Source Type: research

Decision Making in Nasal Reconstruction: When to Use the Forehead Flap?
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2024 May;32(2):211-219. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2024.01.002. Epub 2024 Feb 12.ABSTRACTIn this review, the paramedian forehead flap indications and uses are reviewed, specifically examining clinical situations where patient selection is important. In these settings, a preoperative discussion with a patient regarding surgical expectations and goals in the setting of their defect is paramount. The authors review the literature regarding the psychosocial aspects of major nasal reconstruction and review preoperative discussion points that are key to a well-informed patient and improved patient satisf...
Source: The Medical Clinics of North America - April 4, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Virginia E Drake Jeffrey S Moyer Source Type: research

Dysphagia as a Manifestation of Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2024 Apr 3:S0030-6665(24)00038-0. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2024.02.024. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDysphagia is a common manifestation of endocrine and metabolic diseases. Swallowing is a complex neuromuscular process, with an interplay of sensory and motor function, that has voluntary and involuntary control. Disruptions in any of these processes can cause significant dysphagia. Endocrine disorders and metabolic derangements are systemic conditions that affect multiple organ systems. They contribute to the development of neuropathies, myopathies, and motility disorders that lead to swallowing diffi...
Source: The Medical Clinics of North America - April 4, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Chloe Santa Maria Karla O'Dell Source Type: research

Epidemiologic and Clinical Clues to the Etiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2024 May;44(2):145-155. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2023.12.003. Epub 2024 Jan 13.ABSTRACTDespite the rising prevalence and incidence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), the etiology and pathophysiology remain unknown. Studies to date suggest that complex interactions between genetic and environmental risk factors result in the development and presentation of disease. Examining environmental factors both in the early life and later life exposures offers potential clues for the development of EoE, although challenges exist in making causal inferences due to diagnostic delay and access, ascertainment bia...
Source: The Medical Clinics of North America - April 4, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Joy W Chang Elizabeth T Jensen Source Type: research