NOD2-RIP2-Mediated Signaling Helps Shape Adaptive Immunity in Visceral Leishmaniasis
Interferon (IFN-) and interleukin 17A (IL-17A)–producing cells are described to be related to the protection against Leishmania infantum infection. How the immune system coordinates the balance between T-helper type 1 (Th1) and 17 (Th17) responses during visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is still unknown. Here, we combined transcriptional profiling, using RNA sequencing analysis of human samples, with an experimental model to show that Th17-related genes are suppressed and that Th1 signature genes are induced during human VL. The high amount of Th1 cells in VL was dependent on the NOD2-RIP2 signaling in dendritic cells, wh...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - November 13, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Nascimento, M. S. L., Ferreira, M. D., Quirino, G. F. S., Maruyama, S. R., Krishnaswamy, J. K., Liu, D., Berlink, J., Fonseca, D. M., Zamboni, D. S., Carregaro, V., Almeida, R. P., Cunha, T. M., Eisenbarth, S. S., Silva, J. S. Tags: PATHOGENESIS AND HOST RESPONSE Source Type: research
Impaired Recognition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Alveolar Macrophages From Diabetic Mice
Conclusions. Reduced MARCO and CD14 expression contributes to defective sentinel function of alveolar macrophages, promoting tuberculosis susceptibility in diabetic hosts at a critical early step in the immune response to aerosol infection. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - November 13, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Martinez, N., Ketheesan, N., West, K., Vallerskog, T., Kornfeld, H. Tags: PATHOGENESIS AND HOST RESPONSE Source Type: research
Desialylation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Lipooligosaccharide by Cervicovaginal Microbiome Sialidases: The Potential for Enhancing Infectivity in Men
Previous studies have demonstrated that Neisseria gonorrhoeae sialylates the terminal N-acetyllactosamine present on its lipooligosaccharide (LOS) by acquiring CMP-N-acetyl-5-neuraminic acid upon entering human cells during infection. This renders the organism resistant to killing by complement in normal human serum. N-acetyllactosamine residues on LOS must be free of N-acetyl-5-neuraminc acid (Neu5Ac; also known as "sialic acid") in order for organisms to bind to and enter urethral epithelial cells during infection in men. This raises the question of how the gonococcus infects men if N-acetyllactosamine residues are subst...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - November 13, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ketterer, M. R., Rice, P. A., Gulati, S., Kiel, S., Byerly, L., Fortenberry, J. D., Soper, D. E., Apicella, M. A. Tags: PATHOGENESIS AND HOST RESPONSE Source Type: research
The Shifting Paradigm of Care for Adults Living With HIV: Smoking Cessation for Longer Life
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - November 13, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Althoff, K. N. Tags: EDITORIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Does the Cervicovaginal Microbiome Facilitate Transmission of Neisseria gonorrhoeae From Women to Men? Implications for Understanding Transmission of Gonorrhea and Advancing Vaccine Development
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - November 13, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Shafer, W. M. Tags: EDITORIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Mohn et al (J Infect Dis 2016; 214:722-31)
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: ERRATA Source Type: research
Wang et al (J Infect Dis 2016; 213:1380-7)
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: ERRATA Source Type: research
Bagga et al (J Infect Dis 2015; 212:1093-9)
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: ERRATA Source Type: research
Reply to Planet et al
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Francois, P., von Dach, E., Diene, S. M., Harbarth, S., Schrenzel, J. Tags: CORRESPONDENCE Source Type: research
Global Spread of the Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 Latin American Variant
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Planet, P. J., Diaz, L., Rios, R., Arias, C. A. Tags: CORRESPONDENCE Source Type: research
A Prophage in Diabetic Foot Ulcer-Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus Impairs Invasiveness by Limiting Intracellular Growth
The mechanisms that drive the transition from commensality to invasiveness in Staphylococcus aureus are poorly understood. We recently reported that >50% of S. aureus isolates from uninfected diabetic foot ulcers in French patients harbor a prophage, ROSA-like, that is absent from invasive isolates from diabetic foot infections, including osteomyelitis. Here we show that the ROSA-like insertion abolishes the ability of S. aureus to replicate within osteoblasts, the bone-forming cells, greatly reducing damage to infected cells. These results unravel an important mechanism by which particular S. aureus strains are maintai...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Rasigade, J.-P., Dunyach-Remy, C., Sapin, A., Messad, N., Trouillet-Assant, S., Dupieux, C., Lavigne, J.-P., Laurent, F. Tags: PATHOGENESIS AND HOST RESPONSE Source Type: research
Intra-amniotic Ureaplasma parvum-Induced Maternal and Fetal Inflammation and Immune Responses in Rhesus Macaques
Conclusions. U. parvum colonized the amniotic fluid and caused uterine inflammation, but without overt chorioamnionitis. It caused mild fetal lung inflammation but had a more profound effect on the fetal immune system, decreasing Tregs and polarizing them toward a T-helper 1 phenotype. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Senthamaraikannan, P., Presicce, P., Rueda, C. M., Maneenil, G., Schmidt, A. F., Miller, L. A., Waites, K. B., Jobe, A. H., Kallapur, S. G., Chougnet, C. A. Tags: PATHOGENESIS AND HOST RESPONSE Source Type: research
Antigen-Independent Restriction of Pneumococcal Density by Mucosal Adjuvant Cholera Toxin Subunit B
For many bacterial respiratory infections, development of (severe) disease is preceded by asymptomatic colonization of the upper airways. For Streptococcus pneumoniae, the transition to severe lower respiratory tract infection is associated with an increase in nasopharyngeal colonization density. Insight into how the mucosal immune system restricts colonization may provide new strategies to prevent clinical symptoms. Several studies have provided indirect evidence that the mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) may confer nonspecific protection against respiratory infections. Here, we show that CTB reduces the pneu...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kuipers, K., Diavatopoulos, D. A., van Opzeeland, F., Simonetti, E., van den Kieboom, C. H., Kerstholt, M., Borczyk, M., van IngenSchenau, D., Brandsma, E. T., Netea, M. G., de Jonge, M. I. Tags: PATHOGENESIS AND HOST RESPONSE Source Type: research
Genomic Epidemiology of Gonococcal Resistance to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins, Macrolides, and Fluoroquinolones in the United States, 2000-2013
Conclusions. Quinolone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae and reduced cefixime susceptibility appear amenable to development of sequence-based diagnostic tests, whereas the undefined mechanisms of resistance to ceftriaxone and azithromycin underscore the importance of phenotypic surveillance. The identification of multidrug-resistant isolates highlights the need for additional measures to respond to the threat of untreatable gonorrhea. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Grad, Y. H., Harris, S. R., Kirkcaldy, R. D., Green, A. G., Marks, D. S., Bentley, S. D., Trees, D., Lipsitch, M. Tags: BACTERIA Source Type: research
Adherence to Intestinal Cells Promotes Biofilm Formation in Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio cholerae, the etiological agent of cholera, is known to form biofilms to persist in the environment. It is demonstrated here that even during infection, biofilm genes are upregulated, and microscopic observation indicated that biofilm formation is initiated almost immediately after adherence of V. cholerae to intestinal cells. About 7-fold upregulation of the biofilm regulatory gene vpsT was observed within 30 minutes of adherence of V. cholerae to the intestinal cell line INT 407, and a massive induction of about 700-fold was observed in rabbit ileal loops. The upregulation was observed in the classical and El Tor ...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sengupta, C., Mukherjee, O., Chowdhury, R. Tags: BACTERIA Source Type: research
