Phosphoglycerate Kinase--A Novel Streptococcal Factor Involved in Neutrophil Activation and Degranulation
Conclusions. Taken together, results of this study reveal a novel secreted streptococcal factor that, in the absence of SpeB, can trigger neutrophil activation and degranulation. This finding is of interest in light of reports of hypervirulent SpeB-negative S. pyogenes variants present during invasive infections. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Uhlmann, J., Siemens, N., Kai-Larsen, Y., Fiedler, T., Bergman, P., Johansson, L., Norrby-Teglund, A. Tags: PATHOGENESIS AND HOST RESPONSE Source Type: research
CD36 Provides Host Protection Against Klebsiella pneumoniae Intrapulmonary Infection by Enhancing Lipopolysaccharide Responsiveness and Macrophage Phagocytosis
We examined whether CD36, a scavenger receptor that recognizes pathogen and modified self ligands, is a host determinant of K. pneumoniae pathogenicity. Despite differences in serum sensitivity and virulence of 3 distinct K. pneumoniae (hypermucoviscous K1, research K2, and carbapenemase-producing ST258) strains, the absence of CD36 significantly increased host susceptibility to acute intrapulmonary infection by K. pneumoniae, regardless of strain. We demonstrate that CD36 enhances LPS responsiveness to K. pneumoniae to increase downstream cytokine production and macrophage phagocytosis that is independent of polysaccharid...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Olonisakin, T. F., Li, H., Xiong, Z., Kochman, E. J. K., Yu, M., Qu, Y., Hulver, M., Kolls, J. K., St. Croix, C., Doi, Y., Nguyen, M.-H., Shanks, R. M. Q., Mallampalli, R. K., Kagan, V. E., Ray, A., Silverstein, R. L., Ray, P., Lee, J. S. Tags: PATHOGENESIS AND HOST RESPONSE Source Type: research
A Novel Calcium-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor, Bumped Kinase Inhibitor 1517, Cures Cryptosporidiosis in Immunosuppressed Mice
Cryptosporidium is recognized as one of the main causes of childhood diarrhea worldwide. However, the current treatment for cryptosporidiosis is suboptimal. Calcium flux is essential for entry in apicomplexan parasites. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are distinct from protein kinases of mammals, and the CDPK1 of the apicomplexan Cryptosporidium lack side chains that typically block a hydrophobic pocket in protein kinases. We exploited this to develop bumped kinase inhibitors (BKIs) that selectively target CDPK1. We have shown that several BKIs of Cryptosporidium CDPK1 potently reduce enzymatic activity and decre...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Castellanos-Gonzalez, A., Sparks, H., Nava, S., Huang, W., Zhang, Z., Rivas, K., Hulverson, M. A., Barrett, L. K., Ojo, K. K., Fan, E., Van Voorhis, W. C., White, A. C. Tags: PARASITES Source Type: research
Decreased Rate of Plasma Arginine Appearance in Murine Malaria May Explain Hypoargininemia in Children With Cerebral Malaria
Conclusions. Simultaneous arginine and ornithine depletion in malaria parasite–infected children cannot be fully explained by plasma arginase activity. Our mouse model studies suggest that plasma arginine depletion is driven primarily by a decreased rate of appearance. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Alkaitis, M. S., Wang, H., Ikeda, A. K., Rowley, C. A., MacCormick, I. J. C., Chertow, J. H., Billker, O., Suffredini, A. F., Roberts, D. J., Taylor, T. E., Seydel, K. B., Ackerman, H. C. Tags: PARASITES Source Type: research
Short-term Impact of Mass Drug Administration With Dihydroartemisinin Plus Piperaquine on Malaria in Southern Province Zambia: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
Conclusions. Two rounds of MDA with DHAp rapidly reduced infection prevalence, infection incidence, and confirmed case incidence rates, especially in low-transmission areas.
Clinical Trials Registration. NCT02329301. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Eisele, T. P., Bennett, A., Silumbe, K., Finn, T. P., Chalwe, V., Kamuliwo, M., Hamainza, B., Moonga, H., Kooma, E., Chizema Kawesha, E., Yukich, J., Keating, J., Porter, T., Conner, R. O., Earle, D., Steketee, R. W., Miller, J. M. Tags: PARASITES Source Type: research
Prevalence of Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in Patients Who Are Not Responding to Protease Inhibitor-Based Treatment: Results From the First National Survey in South Africa
This study assessed resistance profiles in adults across South Africa who were not responding to PI-based regimens. pol sequencing was undertaken and submitted to the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database. At least 1 major PI mutation was detected in 16.4% of 350 participants. A total of 53.4% showed intermediate resistance to darunavir/ritonavir, whereas high-level resistance was not observed. Only 5.2% and 32.8% of participants showed high-level and intermediate resistance to etravirine, respectively. Although the prevalence of major PI mutations was within previously reported ranges, most patients will likely experience...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Steegen, K., Bronze, M., Papathanasopoulos, M. A., van Zyl, G., Goedhals, D., Van Vuuren, C., Macleod, W., Sanne, I., Stevens, W. S., Carmona, S. C. Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research
Asymptomatic Cerebrospinal Fluid HIV-1 Viral Blips and Viral Escape During Antiretroviral Therapy: A Longitudinal Study
In conclusion, CSF escape was rare, and increased CSF HIV RNA loads usually represented CSF virus load blips. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Eden, A., Nilsson, S., Hagberg, L., Fuchs, D., Zetterberg, H., Svennerholm, B., Gisslen, M. Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research
Inflammatory Function of CX3CR1+ CD8+ T Cells in Treated HIV Infection Is Modulated by Platelet Interactions
Increases in inflammation, coagulation, and CD8+ T-cell numbers are associated with an elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected antiretroviral therapy (ART) recipients. Circulating memory CD8+ T cells that express the vascular endothelium-homing receptor CX3CR1 (fractalkine receptor) are enriched in HIV-infected ART recipients. Thrombin-activated receptor (PAR-1) expression is increased in HIV-infected ART recipients and is particularly elevated on CX3CR1+ CD8+ T cells, suggesting that these cells could interact with coagulation elements. Indeed, thrombin directly enha...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Mudd, J. C., Panigrahi, S., Kyi, B., Moon, S. H., Manion, M. M., Younes, S.-A., Sieg, S. F., Funderburg, N. T., Zidar, D. A., Lederman, M. M., Freeman, M. L. Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research
Impact of the Centers for Disease Control's HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Guidelines for Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States
Conclusions. Implementation of CDC PrEP guidelines would result in strong and sustained reductions in HIV incidence among MSM in the United States. The guidelines strike a good balance between epidemiological impact (PIA) and efficiency (NNT) at plausible scale-up levels. Adherence counseling could maximize public health investment in PrEP by decreasing the NNT. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jenness, S. M., Goodreau, S. M., Rosenberg, E., Beylerian, E. N., Hoover, K. W., Smith, D. K., Sullivan, P. Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research
Population Perspectives and World Health Organization Recommendations for CYD-TDV Dengue Vaccine
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Wilder-Smith, A., Vannice, K. S., Hombach, J., Farrar, J., Nolan, T. Tags: PERSPECTIVES Source Type: research
Critique of World Health Organization Recommendation of a Dengue Vaccine
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Halstead, S. B. Tags: PERSPECTIVES Source Type: research
Mass Drug Administration for Malaria: A Means to What end?
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Chen, I., Gosling, R., Drakeley, C., Bousema, T. Tags: EDITORIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Making an Impact With Preexposure Prophylaxis for Prevention of HIV Infection
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Baeten, J. M. Tags: EDITORIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Cover/Standing Material Source Type: research
Subscriptions Page
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - December 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Cover/Standing Material Source Type: research
