Containment Care Units for Managing Patients With Highly Hazardous Infectious Diseases: A Concept Whose Time Has Come
We describe the original concepts behind development of such facilities, how the concept and acceptance has evolved over time, and how the guidelines for managing patients infected with viral hemorrhagic fevers have evolved as new information has been learned about protecting medical care providers from highly hazardous infectious pathogens. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kortepeter, M. G., Kwon, E. H., Hewlett, A. L., Smith, P. W., Cieslak, T. J. Tags: PUBLIC HEALTH Source Type: research
The Epi Info Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF) Application: A Resource for Outbreak Data Management and Contact Tracing in the 2014-2016 West Africa Ebola Epidemic
The Epi Info Viral Hemorrhagic Fever application (Epi Info VHF) was developed in response to challenges managing outbreak data during four 2012 filovirus outbreaks. Development goals included combining case and contact data in a relational database, facilitating data-driven contact tracing, and improving outbreak data consistency and use. The application was first deployed in Guinea, when the West Africa Ebola epidemic was detected, in March 2014, and has been used in 7 African countries and 2 US states. Epi Info VHF enabled reporting of compatible data from multiple countries, contributing to international Ebola knowledge...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Schafer, I. J., Knudsen, E., McNamara, L. A., Agnihotri, S., Rollin, P. E., Islam, A. Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY Source Type: research
Discovery and Description of Ebola Zaire Virus in 1976 and Relevance to the West African Epidemic During 2013-2016
Conclusions. An international commission working harmoniously in laboratories and with local communities was essential for rapid success in 1976. Control and understanding of the recent West African outbreak were delayed because of late recognition and because authorities were overwhelmed by many patients and poor community involvement. Despite obstacles, research was a priority in 1976 and recently. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Breman, J. G., Heymann, D. L., Lloyd, G., McCormick, J. B., Miatudila, M., Murphy, F. A., Muyembe-Tamfun, J.-J., Piot, P., Ruppol, J.-F., Sureau, P., van der Groen, G., Johnson, K. M. Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY Source Type: research
Reply to Chen et al
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Cohen, T., Chindelevitch, L., Misra, R., Kempner, M. E., Galea, J., Moodley, P., Wilson, D. Tags: CORRESPONDENCE Source Type: research
Heteroresistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains May Be Associated More Strongly With Poor Treatment Outcomes Than Within-Host Heterogeneity of M. tuberculosis Infection
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Chen, L., Zhang, J., Zhang, H. Tags: CORRESPONDENCE Source Type: research
Reply to Lipsitch
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kilianski, A., Nuzzo, J. B., Modjarrad, K. Tags: CORRESPONDENCE Source Type: research
Comment on "Gain-of-Function Research and the Relevance to Clinical Practice"
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Lipsitch, M. Tags: CORRESPONDENCE Source Type: research
Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Induces HPV-Specific Antibodies in the Oral Cavity: Results From the Mid-Adult Male Vaccine Trial
Conclusions. This is the first study demonstrating that vaccination of males with Gardasil induces HPV antibody levels at the oral cavity that correlate with circulating levels. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Pinto, L. A., Kemp, T. J., Torres, B. N., Isaacs-Soriano, K., Ingles, D., Abrahamsen, M., Pan, Y., Lazcano-Ponce, E., Salmeron, J., Giuliano, A. R. Tags: PATHOGENESIS AND HOST RESPONSE Source Type: research
Alterations in Systemic Extracellular Heme and Hemopexin Are Associated With Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Ugandan Children With Severe Malaria
Conclusions. The ratio of heme to hpx is associated with disease severity and adverse clinical outcomes in Ugandan children, and dysregulation of the heme axis may contribute to malaria pathogenesis. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Elphinstone, R. E., Conroy, A. L., Hawkes, M., Hermann, L., Namasopo, S., Warren, H. S., John, C. C., Liles, W. C., Kain, K. C. Tags: PATHOGENESIS AND HOST RESPONSE Source Type: research
Human ULK1 Variation and Susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Conclusions. These results demonstrate a strong association of rs12297124, a noncoding ULK1 SNP, with LTBI and a role for ULK1 regulation of TNF secretion, nonspecific and M. tuberculosis–induced autophagy, and M. tuberculosis replication in monocytes. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Horne, D. J., Graustein, A. D., Shah, J. A., Peterson, G., Savlov, M., Steele, S., Narita, M., Hawn, T. R. Tags: BACTERIA Source Type: research
Identification of Giardia lamblia Assemblage E in Humans Points to a New Anthropozoonotic Cycle
Giardia lamblia is a pathogen transmitted by water and food that causes infection worldwide. Giardia genotypes are classified into 8 assemblages (A–H). Assemblages A and B are detected in humans, but they are potentially zoonotic because they infect other mammalian hosts. Giardia in samples from 44 children was genotyped. Conserved fragments of the genes encoding β-giardin and glutamate dehydrogenase were sequenced and their alignment were carried out with sequences deposited in GenBank. As expected for Rio de Janeiro, the majority of samples were related to assemblage A. Surprisingly, assemblage E was detected ...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Fantinatti, M., Bello, A. R., Fernandes, O., Da-Cruz, A. M. Tags: PARASITES Source Type: research
High-Resolution Molecular Typing of Trypanosoma cruzi in 2 Large Outbreaks of Acute Chagas Disease in Colombia
Oral transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi has gained relevance because of its association with high morbidity and lethality rates. This transmission route is responsible for maintaining the infection of the parasite in sylvatic cycles, and human cases have been associated mainly with the consumption of food contaminated with triatomine feces or didelphid secretions. Several ecological changes allow the intrusion of sylvatic reservoirs and triatomines to the domestic environments with subsequent food contamination. Here, high-resolution molecular tools were used to detect and genotype T. cruzi across humans, reservoirs, and in...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Hernandez, C., Vera, M. J., Cucunuba, Z., Florez, C., Cantillo, O., Buitrago, L. S., Gonzalez, M. S., Ardila, S., Duenas, L. Z., Tovar, R., Forero, L. F., Ramirez, J. D. Tags: PARASITES Source Type: research
Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Lumefantrine in Young Ugandan Children Treated With Artemether-Lumefantrine for Uncomplicated Malaria
Conclusions. We demonstrate that age, in addition to weight, is a determinant of lumefantrine exposure, and in the absence of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, lumefantrine exposure is a determinant of recurrent parasitemia. Exposure levels in children aged 6 months to 2 years was generally lower than levels published for older children and adults. Further refinement of artemether-lumefantrine dosing to improve exposure in infants and very young children may be warranted. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Tchaparian, E., Sambol, N. C., Arinaitwe, E., McCormack, S. A., Bigira, V., Wanzira, H., Muhindo, M., Creek, D. J., Sukumar, N., Blessborn, D., Tappero, J. W., Kakuru, A., Bergqvist, Y., Aweeka, F. T., Parikh, S. Tags: PARASITES Source Type: research
Genomic Analysis Reveals a Common Breakpoint in Amplifications of the Plasmodium vivax Multidrug Resistance 1 Locus in Thailand
In regions of coendemicity for Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax where mefloquine is used to treat P. falciparum infection, drug pressure mediated by increased copy numbers of the multidrug resistance 1 gene (pvmdr1) may select for mefloquine-resistant P. vivax. Surveillance is not undertaken routinely owing in part to methodological challenges in detection of gene amplification. Using genomic data on 88 P. vivax samples from western Thailand, we identified pvmdr1 amplification in 17 isolates, all exhibiting tandem copies of a 37.6–kilobase pair region with identical breakpoints. A novel breakpoint-specific ...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Auburn, S., Serre, D., Pearson, R. D., Amato, R., Sriprawat, K., To, S., Handayuni, I., Suwanarusk, R., Russell, B., Drury, E., Stalker, J., Miotto, O., Kwiatkowski, D. P., Nosten, F., Price, R. N. Tags: PARASITES Source Type: research
Saposin-like Proteins, a Multigene Family of Schistosoma Species, are Biomarkers for the Immunodiagnosis of Schistosomiasis Japonica
Conclusions. These results suggest that SjSAPLP4 and SjSAPLP5 could serve as novel biomarkers for the immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica, which will further improve diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Liu, S., Zhou, X., Piao, X., Hou, N., Shen, Y., Zou, Y., Li, S., Cao, J., Chen, Q. Tags: PARASITES Source Type: research
