Characterization of the biochemical and behavioral effects of cannabidiol: implications for migraine
AbstractCannabidiol (CBD) is the main pharmacologically active phytocannabinoid. CBD exerts an analgesic effect in several pain models, does not have side effects and has low toxicity. The data about CBD mechanisms of action in pain and its therapeutic potential in this area are limited. Here, we tested CBD effects in animal models specific for migraine. We assayed CBD distribution in plasma and in cranial areas related to migraine pain in male Sprague Dawley rats treated chronically (5 days). Successively, we tested CBD activity on the behavioral and biochemical effects induced in the acute and the chronic migraine anim...
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - May 3, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Social cognition in chronic migraine with medication overuse: a cross-sectional study on different aspects of mentalization and social relationships
ConclusionsCM + MO results characterized by a profile of compromised socio-cognitive abilities that affects different dimensions. These findings may have a relevant role in multiple fields related to chronic headache: from the assessment to the management. (Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain)
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Mapping the aberrant brain functional connectivity in new daily persistent headache: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study
ConclusionsPatients with NDPH showed aberrant FC in multiple brain regions involved in perception and regulation of emotion and pain.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05334927. (Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain)
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 26, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Brain structure and cortical activity changes of new daily persistent headache: multimodal evidence from MEG/sMRI
ConclusionOur findings indicated that patients with NDPH have abnormalities in brain morphology, such as cortical area, cortical thickness, and grey matter volume, accompanied by abnormal cortical neural activity. Brain structural changes in the frontotemporal cortex and abnormalities in cortical ripple activity may be involved in the pathogenesis of NDPH. (Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain)
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 26, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neuroanatomical restoration of salience network links reduced headache impact to cognitive function improvement in mild traumatic brain injury with posttraumatic headache
ConclusionsThese results showed that neuroanatomical restoration of key regions in salience network correlated reduced headache impact with cognitive function improvement in MTBI with PTH, which further substantiated the vital role of salience network and provided an alternative clinical target for cognitive improvement in MTBI patients with PTH.Graphical Abstract (Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain)
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Activation of CB1R alleviates central sensitization by regulating HCN2-pNR2B signaling in a chronic migraine rat model
ConclusionsThese data reveal that activation of CB1R alleviates central sensitization by regulating HCN2-pNR2B signaling in CM rats. The activation of CB1R might have a positive influence on the prevention of CM by mitigating central sensitization. (Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain)
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
PAR2 activation in the dura causes acute behavioral responses and priming to glyceryl trinitrate in a mouse migraine model
ConclusionsThese results indicate that PAR2 activation in the meninges can cause acute headache behavioral responses and priming to an NO donor, and support further exploration of PAR2 as a novel therapeutic target for migraine. (Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain)
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 19, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Periaqueductal gray matter echogenicity as a marker of migraine chronification: a case control study
ConclusionPatients with chronic migraine showed a larger area of echogenicity of periaqueductal gray matter, a lower intensity of its echogenicity and a higher heterogenicity within this brainstem structure compared to patients with episodic migraine and controls. The echogenicity of the periaqueductal gray matter should be further investigated as a biomarker of migraine chronification. (Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain)
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 17, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
European Headache Federation (EHF) critical re-appraisal and meta-analysis of oral drugs in migraine prevention —part 1: amitriptyline
ConclusionsOur meta-analysis showed that amitriptyline may have a prophylactic role in migraine patients, however these results are far from robust. This warrants further large-scale research to evaluate the role of amitriptyline in migraine prevention. (Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain)
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Migraine symptoms, healthcare resources utilization and disease burden in a large Polish migraine cohort
ConclusionsPeople with migraine in Poland face similar difficulties as their peers in other countries. Despite relatively high access to neurologist consultations and good diagnosis accuracy, migraine still poses diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. In this context, migraine undertreatment in Polish population must be underlined, especially in context of high disease burden. (Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain)
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Potent dual MAGL/FAAH inhibitor AKU-005 engages endocannabinoids to diminish meningeal nociception implicated in migraine pain
ConclusionsIn the meninges, high anti-nociceptive 2-AG levels can tonically counteract meningeal signalling, whereas AEA can be engaged on demand by local depolarization. AEA-mediated anti-nociceptive effects through CB1 receptors have therapeutic potential. Together with previously detected MAGL activity in trigeminal ganglia, dual MAGL/FAAH inhibitor AKU-005 appears promising as migraine treatment.Graphical Abstract (Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain)
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Cluster headache and kynurenines
ConclusionsOur results refer to a specifically altered Trp metabolism in CH patients. The onset of metabolic imbalance can be attributed to the interbout period, where the decreased KYN level is unable to perform its protective functions, while the concentration of QUINA, as a toxic compound, increases. These processes can trigger CH attacks, which may be associated with glutamate excess induced neurotoxicity, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Further studies are needed to elucidate the exact functions of these molecular alterations that can contribute to identify new, potential biomarkers in the therapy of CH. (Sour...
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 5, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Cytokines in primary headache disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionsThe higher levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and TNF- α in migraine compared to controls, and IL-1β during the ictal stage, suggest a role for inflammation in the pathophysiology of migraine, however prospective studies are required to confirm causality and investigate the mechanisms for the increase in cytokine levels identified. Cytokines may also have a role in tension-type headache. Due a lack of data, no conclusions can be made regarding cluster headache or NDPH. (Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain)
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 4, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Headache impact and socioeconomic status: findings from a study of the German Migraine and Headache Society (DMKG)
ConclusionsSES is an important factor that should not be neglected in headache awareness campaigns and headache treatment. Longitudinal studies are needed in the future to investigate whether lifestyle interventions, such as weight reduction, can help to reduce headache impact in people in lower SES. (Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain)
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 4, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Shared and independent roles of CGRP and PACAP in migraine pathophysiology
AbstractThe neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) have emerged as mediators of migraine pathogenesis. Both are vasodilatory peptides that can cause migraine-like attacks when infused into people and migraine-like symptoms when injected into rodents. In this narrative review, we compare the similarities and differences between the peptides in both their clinical and preclinical migraine actions. A notable clinical difference is that PACAP, but not CGRP, causes premonitory-like symptoms in patients. Both peptides are found in distinct, but overlapp...
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - April 3, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
