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Association between obesity and life courses in young adulthood. Results from the KiGGS cohort study
Abstract In the last decades, young adulthood has established as an independent phase of life with important biographical transitions impacting further life course and health. In turn, health in adolescence can also affect the transitions into young adulthood. So far, for Germany there are no analyses on the association between family-related and employment-related biographies and obesity in young adults. The analysis is based on data from the KiGGS cohort study on 3,100 participants aged 23-31 at second follow-up (t2). Using BMI measurements at t0 (2003-2006) and at t2 (2014-2017), obesity groups were formed (no obesity...
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Mental health and access of care during Covid-19 pandemics: an italian cross-sectional study
ConclusionsCompared to the pre-pandemic period, higher levels of anxiety and depression were observed. No differences in mental health and care access were shown between the two observation periods. Being afraid to go out of necessity and avoidance of physical activity for fear of injury is related to reduced access to care, but not to self-medication.Key messagesThe 24.7 % of the sample reported depressive symptoms, and 24.2 % anxious symptoms. Similar increases were observed in both periods: April-May (first lockdown) and November-December (no lockdown).During the pandemic, delayed access to planned and acute care, avoid...
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Pathways through rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury: preliminary results from an Irish study
DiscussionReferrals to rehabilitation services varied substantially in this cohort of TBI survivors with evidence to suggest that, overall, males experience greater impacts on quality of life than do females. These findings support the need to, a) increase political priority and resource allocation for rehabilitation services for TBI survivors in Ireland and b) further study gender differences in TBI survivor outcome.Key messagesSurvivors of moderate to severe brain injury in Ireland have very divergent, and often inadequate experiences of rehabilitation.There is some evidence that male survivors of moderate to severe trau...
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Decreasing trends in suboptimal prescribing in older people: a French nationwide study
ConclusionsPrevalence of PIMs and hyper-polypharmacy declined in France between 2011 and 2019 and may reflect an improvement in prescribing practices. Still, suboptimal prescribing remains frequent in older people and often involves benzodiazepines.Key messagesThe prevalence of most potentially inappropriate medications decreased between 2011 and 2019 in France, consistently with trends previously reported in European countries, although still high.The observed diminution of hyper-polypharmacy over the study period also sends a positive and original signal. (Source: The European Journal of Public Health)
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

A mixed methods study of lived experiences of homelessness in Wales and childhood adversity
ConclusionsA clear association is seen between ACEs and homelessness. Early intervention that prevents ACEs is needed, as well as better addressing support needs of both child and adult vulnerable populations to prevent homelessness and intervene earlier.Key messagesIn a national Welsh study, 87% of those reporting lived experience of homelessness had experienced at least one adverse childhood experience (ACE), and 50% reported four or more ACEs.Early intervention that prevents ACEs, combined with a trauma-informed approach that builds resilience in at-risk children and adults, is likely to contribute to reducing and preve...
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Associations of university student life challenges with mental health and self-rated health
This study investigates to what extent student life challenges and changes therein are associated with mental health and self-rated health.MethodsIn a longitudinal study with 568 Italian university students mental health was assessed using the Mental Health Inventory-5 (MHI-5) and self-rated health with a single item from the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF36) (score ranges: 0-100) at baseline and at six months follow-up. Student life challenges were investigated using six subscales (score ranges: 1-4) of the Higher Education Stress Inventory (HESI). A between-within linear regression model was used to investigate whether ...
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Prescription medication misuse among students in Lithuanian universities
ConclusionsThese results further suggest the importance of assessing PDM risk factors for young adults. Students who often feel stress, anxiety are more likely to participate in PDM. Effective monitoring and prevention strategies should be developed.Key messagesThere is a need to increase public health literacy and to introduce innovative interventions to build mental resilience of young people.Greater availability of mental health services to students is likely to reduce PDM. (Source: The European Journal of Public Health)
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Referral to treatment of absent employees diagnosed with burnout in the Netherlands
ConclusionsOPs referred three quarters of the employees on sick leave with burnout to treatment. Referral by OPs related only to younger age and employee RTW expectation only to BAT score. The practitioners that were referred to most often, focused less on RTW. As burnout is a work-related syndrome, these findings suggest room for improving the treatment's focus on (returning to) work.Key messagesOPs referred 75.9% of the burned out employees on sick leave to treatment, particularly younger employees.The practitioners that were referred to most often, focused less on RTW. (Source: The European Journal of Public Health)
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Self-reported sick leave following a brief preventive intervention on work-related stress
ConclusionsThe brief intervention showed no effect on the numbers of self-reported sick leave days. However, using sick leave as an outcome measure was difficult, as sick leave is multifactorial and the data has a non-normal distribution. In addition, sick leave might be used as an indicator as well as a possible treatment of ill health. Other actions and interventions to address patients perceiving ill health due to work-related stress should be explored.Key messagesSick leave is used as an indicator and as a treatment of ill health, which can complicate the evaluation of studies.The complexity of primary health care tria...
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Managers ’ sick-leave recommendations for employees with common mental disorders – a vignette study
ConclusionsThe likelihood of a manager recommending sick leave after watching a CMD-labelled video vignette was higher if the manager had previously experienced this situation in real life. We consider this study being important as a first study looking into managers' attitudes and personal experience and recommendations of sick leave.Key messagesThe odds for recommending sick leave to a video vignette case was higher if managers had this experience.This study highlights the importance of including managerial behaviors to understand the sick leave process for employees with CMD. (Source: The European Journal of Public Health)
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Identifying trans and non-binary youth in population-based school health surveys in western Canada
ConclusionsA two-step measure of gender identity is feasible for adolescents as young as 12 years old in large scale school surveys, with very low missing responses in western Canada. Although<1% identified as trans, in large samples stable estimates for population comparisons are possible. Future studies should pilot gender identity measures in other nations/languages. (Source: The European Journal of Public Health)
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Role models and well-being among trans and non-binary youth
ConclusionsYouth with role models have better social and emotional well-being. The importance of role models for TNB youth should not be diminished. We will share the implications of our findings for health promotion and public health policy, as well as recommendations for further research. (Source: The European Journal of Public Health)
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Health assets in transgender adolescents: The role of socio-political engagement and competence
ConclusionsSense of unity and social self-efficacy act as sources of resilience, increasing adolescent wellbeing. Thus, social inclusion and active citizenship can help adolescents to better cope with pressure and promote health. Moreover, the positive contributions of sense of unity and social self-efficacy was similar for cisgender and gender minority adolescents, suggesting similar underlying mechanisms. (Source: The European Journal of Public Health)
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Gender minority youth: Shifting the paradigm from risk to resilience
ConclusionsDiscourse that focuses exclusively on the ‘at-riskness' of trans and gender minority young people presents a one-dimensional perspective that fails to capture the reality and richness of their lives. Over-emphasising individual risk factors may obscure the structural and social factors that underpin the health inequalities experienced by TGM youth. (Source: The European Journal of Public Health)
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

8.O. Workshop: Developmental assets and resilience in gender minority youth: Towards a balanced research agenda
Abstract Since the late 1990s, health inequalities among sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth have been increasingly recognised and investigated. However, most studies have been conducted in North America, while the research landscape in Europe is bleak. Gender minority (e.g. transgender, non-binary, genderqueer and genderfluid) youth receive even less attention than their sexual minority peers (e.g. those identifying as lesbian, gay and bisexual). A growing number of researchers recognise that the studies so far have concentrated on the disproportionate burden SGM youth face across various health outcomes. This mainta...
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - October 20, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research