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Lay-rescuers in drowning incidents: A scoping review
Many victims of drowning fatalities are lay-people attempting to rescue another. This review aims to identify the safest techniques and equipment (improved or purpose made) for an untrained bystander to use when attempting a water rescue. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 31, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Roberto Barcala-Furelos, Daniel Graham, Cristian Abelairas-G ómez, Antonio Rodríguez-Núñez Source Type: research

Emergency physician bedside echocardiographic identification of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction
There are 5.7 million adults with congestive heart failure (CHF) in the United States, with a total of 915,000 new cases diagnosed annually [1]. Of all patients with CHF, approximately 40 –50% have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which is characterized by heart failure with normal left ventricular systolic function [2]. In HFpEF, the presence of impaired relaxation and progression to non-compliance of the left ventricle leads to diastolic dysfunction (DD) [3 ]. HFpEF has a similar one year risk adjusted mortality rate as heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and has a higher all-cau...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 31, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Judy Lin, Jefferson Drapkin, Antonios Likourezos, Evangelos Giakoumatos, Mindy Schachter, Jean-Pierre Sarkis, Vijay Shetty, Manfred Moskovits, Lawrence Haines, Eitan Dickman Source Type: research

Temporal association of contamination obsession on the prehospital delay of STEMI during COVID-19 pandemic
One of the modifiable risk factors for ST elevation myocardial infarction is prehospital delay. The purpose of our study was to look at the effect of contamination contamination obsession on prehospital delay compared with other measurements during the Covid-19 pandemic. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 31, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Ali Karag öz, Berhan Keskin, Barkın Kültürsay, Dogancan Ceneli, Ozgur Yasar Akbal, Hacer Ceren Tokgoz, Seda Tanyeri, Süleyman Çağan Efe, Cem Dogan, Zubeyde Bayram, Nihal Ozdemir, Cihangir Kaymaz Source Type: research

Garlic burn injuries- a systematic review of reported cases
Medicinal plants have many beneficial effects on human health. Garlic (Allium sativum, Alliaceae) is one of the most famous herbal species, used for various diseases and conditions. Unfortunately, garlic is also associated with adverse effects, including cutaneous manifestations. In this review, burn injuries caused by application of raw garlic are reported. Searching through PubMed, Google Scholar and ResearchGate, a total of 32 articles with 39 patients were found. Demographics of patients, reasons for garlic use, details on garlic application, as well as description of burns and its treatment are thoroughly described an...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 31, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Maja Hitl, Neboj ša Kladar, Neda Gavarić, Branislava Srđenović Čonić, Biljana Božin Source Type: research

Association of resident characteristics with patterns of patient self-assignment
We hypothesized that resident characteristics impact patterns of patient self-assignment in the emergency department (ED). Our goal was to determine if male residents would be less likely than their female colleagues to see patients with sensitive (e.g. breast-related or gynecologic) chief complaints (CCs). We also investigated whether resident specialty was associated with preferentially choosing patients with more familiar chief complaints. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 31, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Isha Agarwal, Anne Grossestreuer, Joshua W. Joseph, Evan L. Leventhal, Leon D. Sanchez Source Type: research

The impact of using different age-adjusted cutoffs of D-dimer in the diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism
This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship of age-adjusted D-dimer value with different coefficients in diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in geriatric patients.MethodsThe emergency admissions of the patients aged 65 and over with suspected PE during 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. The demographic characteristics, laboratory tests and radiologic findings of computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) or single photon emission computed tomography ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy (V/Q) were recorded. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 30, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Melahat Uzel Şener, Sezgi Şahin Duyar, Zeynep Saral Öztürk, Alp Şener Source Type: research

Cardiac arrhythmias in COVID-19 patients: A combination of viral comorbidities and pro-arrhythmic drug interactions
Over the past year, substantial global efforts have been made to connect the signs, symptoms, and consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19). Among the associated sequel includes the noted higher incidence of cardiac arrhythmias [1]. A relationship is unfolding between this widespread virus, underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD) and new onset arrhythmias [1-3]. As these complications are associated with higher mortality rates and the number one cause of death in the US is CVD, it is crucial to develop proactive measures for at-risk patients [4]. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 30, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Haley Ehrlich, Adel Elkbuli Source Type: research

Bypassing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients to a regional cardiac center: Impact on hemodynamic parameters and outcomes
Current guidelines recommend systematic care for patients who experience out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and the development of cardiac arrest centers (CACs). However, data regarding prolonged transport time of these often hemodynamically unstable patients are limited. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 30, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: J. Karasek, J. Seiner, M. Renza, F. Salanda, M. Moudry, M. Strycek, J. Lejsek, R. Polasek, P. Ostadal Source Type: research

No laughing matter – Myeloneuropathy due to heavy chronic nitrous oxide abuse
We report a 37-year-old female who presented with ataxia, loss of lower extremity proprioception, demyelination of her cervical dorsal spinal columns, and other laboratory and physical exam findings consistent with nitrous oxide abuse. The patient reported daily use in excess of 500 nitrous oxide cartridges, also known as “whippits”. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 30, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Brian Lewis, Gilbert Nelson, Thomas Vu, Bryan Judge Source Type: research

Body mass index and all-cause mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock: A systematic review and meta-analysis
The objective of this analysis is to summarize the available evidence of this association and perform meta-analysis using adjusted estimates. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 29, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Fanhua Meng, Feiyan Guo, Burebiguli Abulimiti, Kaidi Zhao, Ying Dong, Xiang Ma, Zhenyan Fu, Yitong Ma Source Type: research

Comparison of 4 tests' utility for predicting need for emergency department care in patients with alcohol-related complaints
Intoxication is a common presenting complaint in emergency departments (ED), but many patients with intoxication do not need emergency care. Three screens (BLINDED, Brown, and San Francisco) attempt to determine which intoxicated patients can be triaged to a lower level of care. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 29, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Salman Leslom, Sumit Patel, Sarah Sommerkamp, Zachary D.W. Dezman Source Type: research

Efficacy of topical capsaicin for the treatment of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome: A retrospective cohort study
Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome (CHS) is a clinical disorder characterized by abdominal pain and intractable vomiting among patients with chronic marijuana use. We sought to assess the efficacy of capsaicin to determine whether it could reduce ED length of stay in patients with CHS. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 29, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Hamzah M. Yusuf, Curtis Geier, Alex Staidle, Juan Carlos C. Montoy Source Type: research

Difficult diagnosis: A case report of thyroid storm obscured by acute asthma exacerbation and concurrent H1N1 influenza
We present an uncommon case of H1N1 triggered thyroid storm in a patient with previously undiagnosed Grave's Disease. This case illustrates the challenges of diagnosing thyroid storm in the emergency department and the importance of including it in the differential when treating more common diagnoses that fail to respond to usual therapies. Thyroid storm is an endocrinologic emergency and requires prompt recognition and treatment. However, it remains a diagnostic challenge as there is no laboratory test specific to thyroid storm. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 28, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: B.S. Katherine Burton, Jonathan Mondragon, Nicolas Ong, Clifford Buckley Source Type: research

Association of ischemia modified albumin with mortality in qSOFA positive sepsis patients by sepsis-3 in the emergency department
This study aimed to investigate whether IMA was associated with short-term mortality in quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA)-positive sepsis or septic shock patients screened by the sepsis management program. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 28, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Jonghak Park, Sejoong Ahn, Seonggeun Lee, Juhyun Song, Sungwoo Moon, Jooyeong Kim, Hanjin Cho Source Type: research

A new medication, a new toxidrome - A case report of anticholinergic wipe toxicity due to improper medication use
We describe a case of a young female who presented to the emergency department with 4  days of progressive myopia, dry mouth, anhidrosis and urinary hesitancy due to overuse of a new topical anticholinergic wipes, glycopyrronium tosylate (GT). In the United States medication misuse accounts for nearly 10% of pediatric emergency visits with 65% of these visits considered to be preve ntable [1]. Being familiar with new medications and their side effect profiles can prevent unnecessary or harmful interventions. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - January 28, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Tarr Michael, Chambers Paul Source Type: research