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Review of multimodal therapies for obesity treatment: including dietary, counseling strategies, and pharmacologic interventions
There have been several recent advances in the field of obesity medicine in the areas of structured behavioral therapies, medically supervised diet programs, pharmacotherapy and new interactive technologies. Patients with obesity now have several options for treatment beyond the standard lifestyle modifications of reducing calories and increasing exercise. Although bariatric surgery is the gold standard of treatment for patients with severe obesity, the problem of recidivism despite surgical intervention has lead obesity medicine specialists to develop multiple treatment modalities. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - November 16, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Rekha B. Kumar, Louis J. Aronne Source Type: research

Future role for endoluminal procedures in “high-risk” bariatric patients
This article reviews intragastric space-occupying devices, endoluminal gastric volume reduction procedures, gastric content aspiration therapy and endoluminal duodenal exclusion as possible choices to “bridge” the high-risk patient to bariatric surgery and as a possible alternative to bariatric surgery. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - November 16, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Matthew Brengman Source Type: research

Initial management of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding and timing of endoscopy
Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) remains a common cause of hospitalization, with nearly 300,000 cases occurring annually in the United States with a mortality rate of 2 –14% [1–5]. The economic burden from UGIB is substantial with estimates of in-hospital nationwide expenditures of $7.6 billion in 2009 [2]. Patients with UGIB typically present with hematemesis, melena, and/or hematochezia in the setting of brisk bleeding. The initial steps in management involve resuscitation with close hemodynamic monitoring, risk stratification based on validated prognostic scores, and prompt upper endoscopy. (Source...
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - November 10, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Navin L Kumar, Jennifer Nayor, John R Saltzman Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - September 30, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Table of Contents
(Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - September 30, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Perianal Crohn ’s: Review of Endoscopic and Cross-Sectional Imaging
Crohn ’s disease has many manifestations and can affect any aspect of the gastrointestinal lumen. In this chapter, we will review perianal manifestations of Crohn’s disease which includes the formation of fistula tracks, strictures and abscesses. Perirectal fistulas can be particularly challenging to manage due to the complexity in diagnosis. Additionally, clinical symptoms of perirectal disease do not always reflect disease activity. Perianal fistulas are important to diagnose early and accurately due to associated complication of abscess formation. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - August 28, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: David A. Schwartz, Shabnam Sarker Source Type: research

Crohn ’s disease stricture evaluation and management
Crohn ′s disease (CD) is chronic inflammatory disease of the intestinal tract. Majority of Crohn′ s disease patients will go on to develop a complicated disease course over time including stricturing and penetrating disease. Stricturing CD requires a multidisciplinary approach between the surgical and medical team for comprehensive management. Despite significant advances in the therapeutic armamentarium for CD, there is no approved medical therapy and none on the horizon that can reverse fibrostenotic disease. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - August 26, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Sara Keihanian, Alan C Moss Tags: SI: Imaging in IBD Source Type: research

Evaluation of Pouches and Stomas
Patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn ′s disease often undergo surgical procedures for medically refractory disease or colitis-associated neoplasia. Ileal pouch surgery has become the surgical treatment of choice for ulcerative colitis patients who require colectomy, while ileostomy is still a valid option for the treatment of patient s with refractory Crohn′s disease or with pouch failure. Endoscopic evaluation of the ileal pouch and stoma is often needed to assess disease recurrence, disease activity, dysplasia surveillance and to deliver of therapy. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - August 26, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Bo Shen Tags: SI: Imaging in IBD Source Type: research

Endoscopic Evaluation for Colon Cancer and Dysplasia in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Certain patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer, and surveillance is recommended to detect dysplasia and early neoplasia. Endoscopic techniques that screen large mucosal surface areas for potential areas of interest that have been studied in IBD surveillance include dye-based surface chromoendoscopy with methylene blue or indigo carmine, dye-less chromoendoscopy including narrow band imaging (NBI), i-scan, and Fujinon intelligent chromoendoscopy (FICE), and autofluorescence imaging. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - August 24, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Amandeep Shergill, Francis A. Farraye Tags: SI: Imaging in IBD Source Type: research

Recent Advances in the Endoscopic Assessment of Ulcerative Colitis
Endoscopic assessment of the severity and extent of inflammation as well as the presence of neoplastic lesions is integral to the management of ulcerative colitis. Numerous scoring systems to assess endoscopic severity indicate that a perfect scoring system is still lacking. Many of the scoring systems were designed in the era of standard definition white light endoscopy. The resolution and details provided by the new generation endoscopes and high definition equipment of both mucosal pattern and vascular pattern mandates a fresh look at endoscopic scoring in ulcerative colitis. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - August 24, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Marietta Iacucci, Remo Panaccione Tags: SI: Imaging in IBD Source Type: research

Endoscopy and cross-sectional imaging for assessing Crohn ׳s disease activity
Crohn ׳s disease is principally characterized by chronic and recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly found in the ileocolonic region. The chronicity and severity of intestinal inflammation together contribute to progressive, cumulative, deep, and transmural intestinal damage, as well as stricturing, obstruction, abscesses, and fistulae. Both intestinal inflammation and its chronic complications result in a range of symptoms subsequently leading to patient presentations with diarrhea, abdominal pain, and anemia related to intestinal blood loss. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - August 22, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ryan W. Stidham, Raymond K. Cross Source Type: research

Endoscopy and Cross Sectional Imaging for Assessing Crohn ′s Disease Activity
Crohn ′s disease (CD) is principally characterized by chronic and recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly found in the ileo-colonic region. The chronicity and severity of intestinal inflammation together contribute to progressive, cumulative, deep, transmural intestinal damag e, including stricturing, obstruction, abscesses, and fistulae. Both intestinal inflammation and its chronic complications result in a range of symptoms subsequently leading to patient presentations with diarrhea, abdominal pain, and anemia related to intestinal blood loss. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - August 22, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ryan W. Stidham, Raymond K. Cross Source Type: research

Preface
Biliary strictures represent a diagnostic challenge. Biliary diseases that were previously evaluated surgically or by interventional radiology through a percutaneous transhepatic approach are now extensively evaluated through techniques and tools of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Over the past forty years, ERCP has evolved from a diagnostic modality relying on diagnostic cholangiography to a therapeutic method for providing biliary drainage through the use of sphincterotomy, stone extraction, stricture dilation, and stent placement. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - August 1, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jennifer Maranki Source Type: research

Diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease and differentiating it from potential mimics
The initial diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) requires multiple diagnostic modalities; however, endoscopic evaluation as a diagnostic test is considered the gold standard. Endoscopic evaluation includes colonoscopy with ileoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, enteroscopy, and capsule endoscopy. IBD encompasses Crohn ’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and IBD unclassified. Colonoscopy with ileoscopy along with biopsy collection is essential in most IBD cases for diagnosis and to rule out alternative findings that may mimic IBD including ischemia, diverticulitis, segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis, n ...
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - July 28, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Kindra D. Clark-Snustad, Scott D. Lee Source Type: research

Preface
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn ׳s and ulcerative colitis, are increasing worldwide with the highest prevalence in Europe and North America, approaching 1 in 200 in the United States. Gastroenterologists in the United States would likely need to face managing a patient with IBD, Crohn׳s disease and ulcerative colitis, which has become more challenging with the increasing number of diagnostic tests and treatments. Endoscopic findings, histopathology, and clinical context are all needed to make a diagnosis of IBD. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - July 28, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Faten N. Aberra Source Type: research