Cover Image
3D confocal imaging of a neonatal rat cochlea immunostained to detect spiral ganglion neurons (cyan) and hair cells (red). (Image credit: Dr. Michael Perny).See Roccio beginning on page375. (Source: Stem Cells)
Source: Stem Cells - March 26, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Tags: COVER IMAGE Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: Stem Cells)
Source: Stem Cells - March 26, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Characterization of highly proliferative decidual precursor cells during the window of implantation in human endometrium
Embryo implantation requires intensive tissue remodeling of the midluteal endometrium, driven by differentiation of resident stromal cells into decidual cells, uterine NK (uNK) cell ‐mediated clearance of acute senescent decidual cells, and transvascular migration and engraftment of highly proliferating mesenchymal cells (hPMC), which differentiate in situ into clonogenic decidual precursor cells. AbstractPregnancy depends on the wholesale transformation of the endometrium, a process driven by differentiation of endometrial stromal cells (EnSC) into specialist decidual cells. Upon embryo implantation, decidual cells impa...
Source: Stem Cells - March 25, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Maria Diniz ‐da‐Costa,
Chow‐Seng Kong,
Katherine J. Fishwick,
Thomas Rawlings,
Paul J. Brighton,
Amelia Hawkes,
Joshua Odendaal,
Siobhan Quenby,
Sascha Ott,
Emma S. Lucas,
Pavle Vrljicak,
Jan J. Brosens Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research
Multifaceted involvement of microglia in gray matter pathology in multiple sclerosis
Gray matter involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS) is increasingly appreciated as a key aspect of pathology. Microglia, the resident parenchymal macrophages of the central nervous system, are extensively involved in many aspects of gray matter MS pathology. Microglia deliver context ‐dependent responses tailored to their microenvironment, allowing them to exert both detrimental and beneficial functions in MS gray matter. AbstractIn the inflammatory demyelinating neurodegenerative disease multiple sclerosis (MS), there is increasing interest in gray matter pathology, as neuronal loss and cortical atrophy correlate with di...
Source: Stem Cells - March 25, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Foteini Tsouki,
Anna Williams Tags: Concise Reviews Source Type: research
Chemical induction of neurogenic properties in mammalian M üller glia
Small molecule (SM) ‐mediated neuronal reprograming of Müller glia (MG): A, Schematic diagram showing experimental design for the reprogramming of MG. B‐F, Temporal analysis of morphology of MG and immunoreactivities corresponding to β‐tubulin in response to SMs demonstrate the acquisition of neuronal features. At day 0, GFAP+ MG do not express β‐tubulin immunoreactivities. Upon differentiation MG turn on and off β‐tubulin and GFAP expression, respectively, with residual GFAP immunoreactivities detected in few cells' processes (arrow F). G‐H, Differentiated MG display both bipolar (arrowheads) and multipola...
Source: Stem Cells - March 25, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Xiaohuan Xia,
Pooja Teotia,
Hiren Patel,
Matthew J. Van Hook,
Iqbal Ahmad Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research
Vascularization of human brain organoids
AbstractHuman brain organoids are three ‐dimensional tissues that are generatedin vitro from pluripotent stem cells and recapitulate the early development of the human brain. Brain organoids consist mainly of neural lineage cells, such as neural stem/precursor cells, neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. However, all human brain organoids lack vasculature, which plays indispensable roles not only in brain homeostasis but also in brain development. In addition to the delivery of oxygen and nutrition, accumulating evidence suggests that the vascular system of the brain regulates neural differentiation, migration and ci...
Source: Stem Cells - March 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Takeshi K. Matsui,
Yuichiro Tsuru,
Koichi Hasegawa,
Ken ‐ichiro Kuwako Tags: Stem Cell Technology: Epigenetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Metabonomics Source Type: research
Multifaceted involvement of microglia in gray matter pathology in multiple sclerosis
Gray matter involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS) is increasingly appreciated as a key aspect of pathology. Microglia, the resident parenchymal macrophages of the central nervous system, are extensively involved in many aspects of gray matter MS pathology. Microglia deliver context ‐dependent responses tailored to their microenvironment, allowing them to exert both detrimental and beneficial functions in MS gray matter. AbstractIn the inflammatory demyelinating neurodegenerative disease multiple sclerosis (MS), there is increasing interest in gray matter pathology, as neuronal loss and cortical atrophy correlate with di...
Source: Stem Cells - March 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Foteini Tsouki,
Anna Williams Tags: Regenerative Medicine Source Type: research
Bone marrow ‐derived mesenchymal stem cells improve rat islet graft revascularization by upregulating ISL1
This study demonstrated that BMSCs led to an increase in ISL1 expression in islets and improved the vascular remodeling after islet transplantation in an animal model. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that ISL1 can directly regulate endogenous VEGFA production in islets. These data indicate that ISL1 could be the molecular mediator that led to the effects of BMSCs on islet revascularization. ABSTRACTRevascularization of the islet transplant is a crucial step that defines the success rate of patient recovery. Bone marrow ‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been reported to promote revascularization; however, ...
Source: Stem Cells - March 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Ying Wang,
Jing ‐Wen Wang,
Yang Li,
Xiao‐Hui Tian,
Xin‐Shun Feng,
Shu‐Cong Zhang,
Pei‐Jun Liu,
Wu‐Jun Xue,
Jin Zheng,
Xiao‐Ming Ding Tags: Regenerative Medicine Source Type: research
Mitochondrial transfer from MSCs to macrophages restricts inflammation and alleviates kidney injury in diabetic nephropathy mice via PGC ‐1α activation
AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have fueled ample translation for treatment of immune ‐mediated diseases. Our previous study had demonstrated that MSCs could elicit macrophages (Mϕ) into anti‐inflammatory phenotypes, and alleviate kidney injury in diabetic nephropathy mice via improving mitochondrial function of Mϕ, yet the specific mechanism was unclear. Recent evidence indica ted that MSCs communicated with their microenvironment through exchanges of mitochondria. By a co‐culture system consisting of MSCs and Mϕ, we showed that MSCs‐derived mitochondria (MSCs‐Mito) were transferred into Mϕ, and the mi...
Source: Stem Cells - March 19, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Yujia Yuan,
Longhui Yuan,
Lan Li,
Fei Liu,
Jingping Liu,
Younan Chen,
Jingqiu Cheng,
Yanrong Lu Tags: Regenerative Medicine Source Type: research
Sox2 controls neural stem cell self ‐renewal through a Fos‐centered gene regulatory network
Sox2 is necessary for long ‐term NSC self‐renewal and for Socs3, Fos, Jun and Egr2 gene expression. We previously showed that Socs3 overexpression rescues Sox2‐deleted NSC self‐renewal. Fos, Jun and Egr2 transduction into Sox2‐deleted NSC rescues self‐renewal, Fos alone being both sufficient and necessary. Sox2 tr ansduction upregulates Fos and Socs3 in Sox2‐deleted cells, and Fos upregulates Socs3, defining a Sox2‐dependent regulatory network. AbstractThe Sox2 transcription factor is necessary for the long ‐term self‐renewal of neural stem cells (NSC). Its mechanism of action is still poorly defined. T...
Source: Stem Cells - March 19, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Miriam Pagin,
Mattias Pernebrink,
Simone Giubbolini,
Cristiana Barone,
Gaia Sambruni,
Yanfen Zhu,
Matteo Chiara,
Sergio Ottolenghi,
Giulio Pavesi,
Chia ‐Lin Wei,
Claudio Cantù,
Silvia K. Nicolis Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research
Gap junction ‐mediated cell‐cell interaction between transplanted mesenchymal stem cells and vascular endothelium in stroke
Ten minutes after BCECF ‐loaded mesenchymal stem cells transplantation, the expression of connexin 37 were observed in the cell membrane of endothelial cells which are adjacent to the transferred BCECF signal at nuclei/cytosol of the cells. AbstractWe have shown previously that transplanted bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM ‐MNC), which are a cell fraction rich in hematopoietic stem cells, can activate cerebral endothelial cells via gap junction‐mediated cell‐cell interaction. In the present study, we investigated such cell‐cell interaction between mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and cerebral endothelial cells. In c...
Source: Stem Cells - March 17, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Akie Kikuchi ‐Taura,
Yuka Okinaka,
Orie Saino,
Yukiko Takeuchi,
Yuko Ogawa,
Takafumi Kimura,
Sheraz Gul,
Carsten Claussen,
Johannes Boltze,
Akihiko Taguchi Tags: REGENERATIVE MEDICINE Source Type: research
