Pax7+ Satellite Cells in Human Skeletal Muscle After Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
ConclusionsAn immediate depletion of Pax7+ cells in exercising skeletal muscle concurrent with a transient release of CD34+ cells suggest a replenishment of the local stem cell reserve from bone marrow. A protracted Pax7+ cell expansion in the muscle can be observed during 24 –72 h after resistance exercise. This result provides a scientific basis for exercise recommendations on weekly cycles allowing for adequate recovery time. Exercise-induced Pax7+ cell expansion in muscle remains significant at higher age, despite a lower stem cell reserve after age 50 years. More studies are required to confirm whether Pax7+ cell...
Source: Sports Medicine - October 20, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Fatigue and Human Performance: An Updated Framework
AbstractFatigue has been defined differently in the literature depending on the field of research. The inconsistent use of the term fatigue complicated scientific communication, thereby limiting progress towards a more in-depth understanding of the phenomenon. Therefore, Enoka and Duchateau (Med Sci Sports Exerc 48:2228 –38, 2016, [3]) proposed a fatigue framework that distinguishes between trait fatigue (i.e., fatigue experienced by an individual over a longer period of time) and motor or cognitive task-induced state fatigue (i.e., self-reported disabling symptom derived from the two interdependent attributes performanc...
Source: Sports Medicine - October 18, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Comment on “Can I Have My Coffee and Drink It? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis to Determine Whether Habitual Caffeine Consumption Affects the Ergogenic Effect of Caffeine”
(Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - October 16, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Reply to Zhang and Chen ’s Comment on “Can I Have My Coffee and Drink It? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis to Determine Whether Habitual Caffeine Consumption Affects the Ergogenic Effect of Caffeine”
(Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - October 16, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Wearables for Running Gait Analysis: A Systematic Review
ConclusionsThis comprehensive review highlighted that most studies that have examined running gait using wearable sensors have done so with young adult recreational runners, using one inertial measurement unit sensor, with participants running on a treadmill and reporting outcomes of ground contact time, stride length, stride frequency and tibial acceleration. Future studies are required to obtain consensus regarding terminology, protocols for testing validity and the reliability of devices and suitability of gait outcomes.Clinical Trial RegistrationCRD42021235527. (Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - October 15, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Sensitivity and Specificity of the ImPACT Neurocognitive Test in Collegiate Athletes and US Military Service Academy Cadets with ADHD and/or LD: Findings from the NCAA-DoD CARE Consortium
ConclusionsFor all subgroups and analytical methods, the results illustrate sensitivity and specificity values below typically accepted levels indicative of clinical utility. These findings support that using ImPACT alone may be insufficient to inform concussion diagnoses and encourages the use of a multi-dimensional concussion assessment. (Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - October 14, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Comment on “Black Box Prediction Methods in Sports Medicine Deserve a Red Card for Reckless Practice: A Change of Tactics is Needed to Advance Athlete Care”
(Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - October 14, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Response to Comment on: “Black Box Prediction Methods in Sports Medicine Deserve a Red Card for Reckless Practice: A Change of Tactics is Needed to Advance Athlete Care”
(Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - October 14, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Effects of Concurrent Strength and Endurance Training on Measures of Physical Fitness in Healthy Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
ConclusionsCT is an effective method to improve measures of physical fitness (i.e., muscle strength, power, and CRE) in healthy middle-aged and older adults aged between 50 and 73 years, regardless of sex. Results of independent single training factor analysis indicated that the largest effects on muscle strength were observed after 12 weeks of training, > 30–60 min per session, three sessions per week, higher ET intensities and when ST preceded ET within the same session. For CRE, the largest effects were noted after 21 weeks of training, four sessions per week, > 60–90 min per session, higher ET...
Source: Sports Medicine - October 12, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Correlates of Physical Activity in 0- to 5-year-olds: A Systematic Umbrella Review and Consultation of International Researchers
ConclusionMultiple correlates of young children's physical activity were identified. However, various methodological challenges (e.g., measurement instruments) and the large heterogeneity (e.g., study samples, correlates, and outcome measures) hindered formulating definitive conclusions. Moreover, none of the reviews reported on the interrelatedness between correlates, which would align with more holistic understandings of behavior. Our findings indicate the urgent need for establishing a common ground in definitions, assessment methods, and analytical methods to further the field of physical activity research in this trem...
Source: Sports Medicine - October 11, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Correction: Is it Time to Consider Quaternary Injury Prevention in Sports?
(Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - October 11, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Exogenous Ketone Supplements in Athletic Contexts: Past, Present, and Future
AbstractThe ketone bodies acetoacetate (AcAc) and β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) have pleiotropic effects in multiple organs including brain, heart, and skeletal muscle by serving as an alternative substrate for energy provision, and by modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, catabolic processes, and gene expression. Of particular relevance to athlet es are the metabolic actions of ketone bodies to alter substrate utilisation through attenuating glucose utilisation in peripheral tissues, anti-lipolytic effects on adipose tissue, and attenuation of proteolysis in skeletal muscle. There has been long-standing interest in the d...
Source: Sports Medicine - October 10, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility: Common Errors in Meta-Analyses and Meta-Regressions in Strength & amp; Conditioning Research
ConclusionsStatistical errors in meta-analysis and meta-regression are common in strength and conditioning research. We highlight five errors that authors, editors, and readers should check for when preparing or critically reviewing meta-analyses. (Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - October 8, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
The Acute and Chronic Effects of Implementing Velocity Loss Thresholds During Resistance Training: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Critical Evaluation of the Literature
ConclusionsA graded relationship exists between VL experienced during a set and acute training volume, neuromuscular, metabolic, and perceptual responses to resistance training. However, choice of exercise, load, and individual trainee characteristics (e.g., training history) seem to modulate these relationships. The choice of VL threshold does not seem to affect strength and muscle endurance gains whereas higher VL thresholds are superior for enhancing hypertrophy, and lower VL thresholds are superior for jumping, sprinting, and velocity against submaximal loads performance.Clinical Trial RegistrationThe original protocol...
Source: Sports Medicine - September 30, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Is it Time to Consider Quaternary Injury Prevention in Sports?
AbstractPrevention has traditionally been categorized into three main areas: primary, secondary, and tertiary. In this Current Opinion, we present and discuss the concept of quaternary prevention in sports. Quaternary prevention aims to protect individuals from interventions that likely cause more harm than good, such as overdiagnosis, overtreatment, and overmedication. It includes preventing all types of harm associated with training and clinical interventions. Therefore, any sports injury prevention model or strategy should acknowledge the risks associated with training-related (i.e., overreaching and overuse) and clinic...
Source: Sports Medicine - September 30, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
