Polyphosphate Nanoparticles: Balancing Energy Requirements in Tissue Regeneration Processes
Polyphosphate (polyP) is a physiological polymer composed of orthophosphate units linked by energy-rich bonds. Glucose and polyP serve as energy (ATP) generators. The polyP nanoparticles are converted to a coacervate, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and free energy conversion to ADP and ATP. This review summarizes the currently available knowledge on the route of polyP nanoparticles during the regeneration of injured human tissue. AbstractNanoparticles of a particular, evolutionarily old inorganic polymer found across the biological kingdoms have attracted increasing interest in recent years not only because of their cruc...
Source: Small - March 13, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Werner E.G. M üller, Meik Neufurth, Shunfeng Wang, Heinz C. Schröder, Xiaohong Wang Tags: Review Source Type: research

A Deep Dive into Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) Solar Cells: A Review of Exploring Roadblocks, Breakthroughs, and Shaping the Future
Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS)-based solar cells show promise due to their abundant, cheaper, and non-toxic elements. However, challenges like defects, secondary phases, and interface issues impede performance in conventional substrate configuration. Efforts to overcome these hurdles include transitioning to a superstrate structure and exploring tandem device fabrication. This review emphasizes research priorities to fully leverage CZTS's potential in photovoltaics, advocating for a forward-looking approach. AbstractRenewable energy is crucial for sustainable future, and Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) based solar cells shine as a beacon of hope. CZTS...
Source: Small - March 12, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Usman Ali Shah, Ao Wang, Muhammad Irfan Ullah, Muhammad Ishaq, Imtiaz Alam Shah, Yiyu Zeng, Misbah Sehar Abbasi, Muhammad Ali Umair, Umar Farooq, Guang ‐Xing Liang, Kaiwen Sun Tags: Review Source Type: research

Phase ‐Tunable Molybdenum Boride Ceramics as an Emerging Sensitive and Reliable SERS Platform in Harsh Environments
In this study, the SERS effect of molybdenum boride ceramic powders is presented with an enhancement factor of 5 orders, which is comparable to conventional noble metal substrates. The molybdenum boride powders synthesized through liquid-phase precursor and carbothermal reduction have β-MoB, MoB2, and Mo2B5 phases. Among these phases, β-MoB demonstrates the most significant SERS activity, with a detection limit for rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules of 10−9 m. The impressive SERS enhancement can be attributed to strong molecule interactions and prominent charge interactions between R6G and the various phases of molybdenum b...
Source: Small - March 12, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Mengen Hu, Ke Li, Xian Dang, Chengwan Yang, Xinyang Li, Zhen Wang, Kewei Li, Liang Cao, Xiaoye Hu, Yue Li, Nianqiang Wu, Zhulin Huang, Guowen Meng Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Uniting Synergistic Effect of Single ‐Ni Site and Electric Field of B‐ Bridged‐N for Boosted Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia
This study reveals novel ways to rationally fabricate SACs' atomic coordination structure with tunable electronic properties to enhance electrocatalytic performance. (Source: Small)
Source: Small - March 12, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Saira Ajmal, Anuj Kumar, Muhammad Asim Mushtaq, Mohammad Tabish, Yulin Zhao, Wenbin Zhang, Abdul Sammed Khan, Ali Saad, Ghulam Yasin, Wei Zhao Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

The Nonvolatile Memory and Neuromorphic Simulation of ReS2/h ‐BN/Graphene Floating Gate Devices Under Photoelectrical Hybrid Modulations
A floating gate device (FGD) based on ReS2/h-BN/graphene heterostructure is developed and its photoelectrical hybrid memory and neuromorphic simulation are studied. Benefiting from the outstanding photoelectrical response of ReS2, the excellent nonvolatile memory and higher recognition accuracy of artificial neural network constructed by this FGD indicate that FGD based on ReS2 channel has a great potential in sense –memory-computation integration chips. AbstractThe floating gate devices, as a kind of nonvolatile memory, obtain great application potential in logic-in-memory chips. The 2D materials have been greatly studi...
Source: Small - March 12, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Wei Li, Jiaying Li, Tianhui Mu, Jiayao Li, Pengcheng Sun, Mingjian Dai, Yuhua Chen, Ruijing Yang, Zhao Chen, Yucheng Wang, Yupan Wu, Shaoxi Wang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Wearable and Recyclable Water ‐Toleration Sensor Derived from Lipoic Acid
This study presents a novel approach to enhancing the mechanics of poly(lipoic acid) and the fabrication of multifunctional sensors. By moisture-induced association of poly(lipoic acid) hydrophobic chains, the ionic conducting elastomers (ICEs) achieve swelling-strengthening and enhanced adhesion strength in underwater environments, thus making it possible for multi-environment applications (atmospheric and underwater environments). AbstractFlexible wearable sensors recently have made significant progress in human motion detection and health monitoring. However, most sensors still face challenges in terms of single detecti...
Source: Small - March 12, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Weikun Xu, Tao Shen, Yutong Ding, Huijian Ye, Bozhen Wu, Feng Chen Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Self ‐Limited Formation of Cobalt Nanoparticles for Spontaneous Hydrogen Production through Hydrazine Electrooxidation
A novel electrochemical system for spontaneous H2 production without external energy input has been developed through coupling the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR), which is enabled by a highly active HzOR catalyst composed of self-limited Co nanoparticles. AbstractHydrogen (H2) has emerged as a highly promising energy carrier owing to its remarkable energy density and carbon emission-free properties. However, the widespread application of H2 fuel has been limited by the difficulty of storage. In this work, spontaneous electrochemical hydrogen production is demonstrated using hydraz...
Source: Small - March 12, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Qian Liu, Xin Tan, Xiaobin Liao, Jiabao Lv, Xiaotong Li, Zerui Chen, Yue Yang, Angjian Wu, Yan Zhao, Hao Bin Wu Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Modulating the d ‐Band Center of RuO2 via Ni Incorporation for Efficient and Durable Li–O2 batteries
This study confers the concept of d-band center modulation for efficient and durable cathode catalysts of LOBs. (Source: Small)
Source: Small - March 12, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Chaoyang Sun, Xinhang Cui, Fenglong Xiao, Deliang Cui, Qilong Wang, Feng Dang, Haohai Yu, Gang Lian Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Transforming Undesired Corrosion Products into a Nanoflake ‐Array Functional Layer: A Gelatin‐Assistant Modification Strategy for High Performance Zn Battery Anodes
A functional layer on the Zn anode is built by a gelatin-assistant corrosion and low-temperature pyrolysis method. The modification mechanism of the functional layer for Zn anode is revealed in detail. The modified Zn anode exhibits superior performance in both half cells and full cells, showing a good application prospect for this promising strategy. AbstractAs corrosion products of Zn anodes in ZnSO4 electrolytes, Zn4SO4 (OH)6·xH2O with loose structure cannot suppress persistent side reactions but can increase the electrode polarization and induce dendrite growth, hindering the practical applications of Zn metal batteri...
Source: Small - March 12, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Bing Wu, Jiaxing Liu, Shengpu Rao, Chengjin Zheng, Weihao Song, Qing Ma, Jin Niu, Feng Wang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Decorating Pd –Au Nanodots Around Porous In2O3 Nanocubes for Tolerant H2 Sensing Against Switching Response and H2S Poisoning
Fast and ppb-concentration H2 sensing is developed by decorating Pd –Au nanodots (NDs) on porous In2O3 nanocubes (NCBs) with tolerant stability against “switching sensing response” and “H2S poisoning ”. Such excellent H2 sensing may be attributed to the synergistic effect of boosted Pd –Au NDs’ spillover effect, increased adsorption sites over porous NCBs’ surface, and utilized Pd NDs’ affinity with H2 and H2S. AbstractWith the recently-booming hydrogen (H2) economy by green H2 as the energy carriers and the newly-emerged exhaled diagnosis by human organ-metabolized H2 as a biomarker, H2 sensing is simult...
Source: Small - March 12, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Xinhua Zhao, Lingling Du, Xiaxia Xing, Zhenxu Li, Yingying Tian, Xiaoyu Chen, Xiaoyan Lang, Huigang Liu, Dachi Yang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Universal Strategy for Metal ‐Organic Framework Growth: From Cascading‐Functional Films to MOF‐on‐MOFs
A universal strategy is proposed for the modification of poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) on multiscale and multistructured substrates to promote the in situ growth of large-area and continuous metal-organic framework (MOF) films, achieving excellent selective adsorption and synergetic separation of industrially relevant isomers, also realizing the ingenious construction of MOF-on-MOFs. AbstractTransformation of metal-organic framework (MOF) particles into thin films is urgently needed for the persistent development of well-applicable devices, and recently emerging functional-integrated hybrid frameworks. Although some flexibl...
Source: Small - March 11, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Juan Zheng, Luyi Chen, Yixin Kuang, Gangfeng Ouyang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Ion Transport Behavior in van der Waals Gaps of 2D Materials
A general overview of ion transport behavior in van der Waals (vdW) gaps of 2D materials is provided here. The 2D nanosheet synthesis, assembly methods of 2D lamellar membranes, ion transport mechanism, responsive regulation, and novel membrane applications are emphasized. This work will be an inspiring contribution to the development of multifunctional lamellar membranes based on 2D materials. Abstract2D materials, with advantages of atomic thickness and novel physical/chemical characteristics, have emerged as the vital building blocks for advanced lamellar membranes which possess promising potential in energy storage, io...
Source: Small - March 11, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Yahan Yang, Moxuan Wang, Qianqian He, Pengbo Zhai, Peng Zhang, Yongji Gong Tags: Review Source Type: research

Boosting Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction of CoFe ‐Layered Double Hydroxides Nanosheets via Co‐Coordination Mechanism of W‐Doping and Oxygen Defect Engineering
The tungsten doping induced local crystal distortion in CoFe-LDH, leading to a decrease in the crystal structure energy of CoFeW-LDH and a reduction in the formation energy of oxygen vacancies. The abundant presence of oxygen vacancies significantly lowered the barrier for cleaving HO ─H bonds and impacted the coordination environment of tungsten atoms, consequently enhancing the performance of the hydrogen evolution reaction. AbstractWhile surface defects and heteroatom doping exhibit promising potential in augmenting the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), their performance remains unable to rival that ...
Source: Small - March 11, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Shaohong Wang, Jing Wu, Yin Xu, Dandan Liang, Da Li, Dahong Chen, Guohong Liu, Yujie Feng Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Gene Delivery From Granular Scaffolds for Tunable Biologics Manufacturing
Nucleic acid nanoparticle-loaded granular hydrogel scaffolds enhance transfection and provide sustained protein and virus expression. AbstractThe understanding of the molecular basis for disease has generated a myriad of therapeutic biologics, including therapeutic proteins, antibodies, and viruses. However, the promise that biologics can resolve currently incurable diseases hinges in their manufacturability. These therapeutics require that their genetic material be introduced to mammalian cells such that the cell machinery can manufacture the biological components. These are then purified, validated, and packaged. Most ma...
Source: Small - March 11, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Evan Kurt, Garth Devlin, Aravind Asokan, Tatiana Segura Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

FeNi2S4 –A Potent Bifunctional Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Overall Electrochemical Water Splitting in Alkaline Electrolyte
FeNi2S4 exhibits a superior water splitting activity compared to Fe2NiO4 in alkaline conditions, despite hydroxylation and oxidation of the electrode surface. AbstractFor a carbon-neutral society, the production of hydrogen as a clean fuel through water electrolysis is currently of great interest. Since water electrolysis is a laborious energetic reaction, it requires high energy to maintain efficient and sustainable production of hydrogen. Catalytic electrodes can reduce the required energy and minimize production costs. In this context, herein, a bifunctional electrocatalyst made from iron nickel sulfide (FeNi2S4 [FNS]) ...
Source: Small - March 11, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Mohamed Barakat Zakaria Hegazy, Judith Zander, Morten Weiss, Christopher Simon, Philipp Gerschel, Sebastian A. Sanden, Mathias Smialkowski, David Tetzlaff, Tobias Kull, Roland Marschall, Ulf ‐Peter Apfel Tags: Research Article Source Type: research