Like Father, Like Son: Empirical Insights into the Intergenerational Continuity of Masculinity Ideology
In this study, we theorize the role of fathers ’ adherence to masculinity ideology in influencing the development of young men’s masculine ideals. We then provide novel empirical evidence on intergenerational congruence between fathers’ and sons’ masculinities using unique data from an Australian national probability survey. Our results reveal moderate, positive associations between fathers’ and sons’ adherence to masculinity ideology. This pattern holds for an overall measure of masculinity, as well as for each of its subscales. Fathers’ religiosity amplified the magnitude of the intergenerational correlatio...
Source: Sex Roles - April 5, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Kinkeeping Across Families: The Central Role of Mothers and Stepmothers in the Facilitation of Adult Intergenerational Ties
AbstractA kinkeeper is the person within the household that is involved in the management of family relationships, a position traditionally fulfilled by women. Due to the increased complexity of family life, which resulted from the rise in divorce and remarriage, the kinkeeper role might nowadays be particularly important but also more ambiguous. First, we examined differences in parental involvement in kinkeeping (buying presents, organizing outings, relaying family news, and discussing problems) along the lines of gender, family structure, and biological relatedness. Second, we explored whether the kinkeeping of parents ...
Source: Sex Roles - April 4, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Do I Say or Let it Go? Emotions Predict How People Respond to Receiving Sexual Objectification at Work
AbstractMany people are reluctant to report sexual objectification at work. We tested whether emotions determine how people respond to sexual objectification at work. In Study 1 (N = 159) women recalled a time that they had experienced sexual objectification at work. Participants then rated their emotions in this situation and how they responded. Anger positively and a shame-based emotion (rejection) negatively predicted taking action against the perpetrator (active respo nse). In contrast, shame positively predicted women blaming themselves (self-blame). Moreover, pride positively and anger negatively predicted women ...
Source: Sex Roles - March 29, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Correction to: Are Men Better Leaders? An Investigation of Head Coaches ’ Gender and Individual Players’ Performance in Amateur and Professional Women’s Basketball
(Source: Sex Roles)
Source: Sex Roles - March 23, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Gender Stereotypes Selectively Affect the Remembering of Highly Valued Professions
This study includes two experiments designed to assess the effects of occupational gender-related stereotypes on information processing and memory performance. These two experiments were conducted in two separate cohorts of undergraduate students (N = 107 andN = 96, respectively). In each of them, we assessed (and confirmed) the presence of an implicit association preferentially linking high status attributes to men using the Implicit Association Test (IAT). We also assessed the effective incorporation of this association into gender-schemata and its consequences for information processing with a memory task that i...
Source: Sex Roles - March 20, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Using the Internalized Misogyny Scale Across Sexual Orientations: Measurement Invariance and Item Factor Analysis
AbstractThe Internalized Misogyny Scale (IMS) is one measure developed to assess internalized sexism among non-heterosexual identified women. To use any instrument across various groups, however, it must exhibit cross-group equivalence in how its items relate to the latent traits it measures. Thus, measurement invariance across heterosexual identified and non-heterosexual identified women was examined in a sample of 712 women (503 heterosexual identified women and 209 non-heterosexual identified women). The results showed that internalized sexism was perceived the same across the groups, providing evidence that the IMS sub...
Source: Sex Roles - March 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Tech-Savvy Men and Caring Women: Middle School Students ’ Gender Stereotypes Predict Interest in Tech-Education
AbstractThe labor market is strongly gender segregated with few women working in the tech sector (e.g., IT) and few men working in the care sector (e.g., nursing). We tested the hypothesis that middle school students strongly associate technology with men and caregiving with women in a Swedish context (i.e., a country that scores high in gender equality indices), and that these gender stereotypes for tech relate to girls ’ lower interest in tech-focused education. We measured technology/caregiving gender stereotypes with implicit (the Implicit Association Test) and explicit (self-report) measures in a sample of middle sc...
Source: Sex Roles - March 11, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
People Overestimate Backlash Against Helpers Who Violate Gender Stereotypes: Experimental Examination of a Prosociality Paradox
AbstractMen and women typically help others in gender stereotypic ways (gender-consistent helping), but how might people judge helpers who do so in counter-stereotypic ways (gender-inconsistent helping)? Most of the time helpers are viewed favorably, but behaviors that deviate from gender stereotypes tend to elicit social sanctions from others. Thus, gender-inconsistent helping presents a paradox wherein people mayanticipate facing negative judgments from others despite helping being a positive, prosocial act. Across three experiments (two pre-registered), participants provided their own (Studies 1 –3) and normative (Stu...
Source: Sex Roles - March 11, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Something to Prove? Manhood Threats Increase Political Aggression Among Liberal Men
AbstractManhood is a precarious state that men seek to prove through the performance of masculine behaviors —including, at times, acts of aggression. Although correlational work has demonstrated a link between chronic masculine insecurity and political aggression (i.e., support for policies and candidates that communicate toughness and strength), experimental work on the topic is sparse. Existing studie s also provide little insight intowhich men —liberal or conservative—are most likely to display increased political aggression after threats to their masculinity. The present work thus examines the effects of masculin...
Source: Sex Roles - March 10, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Like Parent, like Child: General and Specific Associations Between Parents ’ and Children’s Binary Gender Identity in a Gender Egalitarian Context
AbstractThere is ample scientific evidence for the importance of parental gender socialization in children ’s binary gender development. Surprisingly, little is known about the role of parents’ own gender identity in the binary gender identity development of their children. Therefore, the present study investigated the association between parents’ and children’s binary gender identity (i.e., simi larity to same- and other-gender individuals) in a sample of 142 Dutch families with a child between the ages of 6 and 12 years old. The Dutch context is characterized by relatively high gender equality. Both parents and t...
Source: Sex Roles - March 2, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
A Longitudinal Dyadic Study of Six Leisure Activities in Swedish Couples During the Transition to Parenthood
This study uses latent growth curve models and data from the Swedish Pregnancy Panel to examine how often 918 first-time, heterosexual couples participated in six leisure activities from around pregnancy week 19 to one year postpartum. Compared to fathers, mothers less frequently exercised and listened to news, and more frequently read newspapers, spent time for themselves, and spent time with friends. Over time, mothers increased their frequency of praying to God and decreased spending time for themselves and with friends. Fathers decreased frequency of exercise. Within couples, there was a positive correlation between mo...
Source: Sex Roles - February 24, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Correction to: Children ’s Evaluations of Gender Non-Conforming Peers
(Source: Sex Roles)
Source: Sex Roles - February 22, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Masculinity Matters for Meat Consumption: An Examination of Self-Rated Gender Typicality, Meat Consumption, and Veg*nism in Australian Men and Women
AbstractPrevious research shows that men eat more meat than women. We explore the extent to which self-rated gender typicality explains differences in meat consumption intentions and behaviour. We recruited a large sample (N = 4897) of Australian men and women to complete an online survey about their attitudes and intentions regarding meat consumption and abstention and measured their self-rated gender typicality (the extent men view themselves as masculine, and women view themselves as feminine). We used moderated regression analyses to investigate self-rated gender typicality as a moderator of the relationship betwee...
Source: Sex Roles - February 3, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Hostile Sexism and Gender System Justification Predict Greater Support for Girl Child Marriage in Turkey
AbstractThe current study examines whether individual differences in the endorsement of hostile and benevolently sexist ideology predict attitudes toward girl child marriages in Turkey and whether the motivation to justify the gender system mediates these associations. Four hundred forty-seven participants responded to scales measuring attitudes toward girl child marriages, gender-specific system justification, and ambivalent sexism. Hypotheses were tested via regression-based mediation analyses. Results demonstrated a clear distinction between hostile and benevolent sexism in their relation to support for child marriage: ...
Source: Sex Roles - February 2, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Correction to: Context Matters: Differential Gendering of Physics in Arabic-speaking, Hebrew-speaking, and Single-Sex State Schools in Israel
(Source: Sex Roles)
Source: Sex Roles - January 31, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
