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Commentary: Scar! What is it Good For? Absolutely Nothing!
It is not a novel point that the mitral valve (MV) does not operate in isolation. Its form and function are affected by that of the rest of the left ventricle (LV) and vice versa. So it is reasonable to expect that an intervention on one of these will not universally correct defects in the other, and that intervening on both will not correct an irreversible problem. There is value in the ability to predict when intervention will fall short of correcting function or restoring form. Using gadolinium-enhanced (GE) MRI our colleagues in Kyoto examined whether total myocardial hyperenhancement, or if the number of myocardial se...
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 9, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: John Bozinovski Tags: ADULT – Commentary Source Type: research

Congenital Heart Surgery Training Experiences and Perceptions Among Cardiothoracic Surgery Residents
This study aimed to evaluate perceptions, interest, exposure, and experience among current trainees. A 22 question survey was distributed to all cardiothoracic surgical trainees in ACGME-accredited thoracic surgery residencies. Questions included demographics, exposure to CHS during, perceptions of, participation in and quality assessment of CHS training. There were 106 responses (20.1% response rate) of which 31 (29.0%) were female and 87 (81.3%) were cardiothoracic track. (Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 9, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Garrett N. Coyan, Maxwell Kilcoyne, Mario Castro-Medina, Melita Viegas, Luciana Da Fonseca Da Silva, Jennifer C. Romano, Stephanie M. Fuller, Victor O. Morell Tags: CONGENITAL – Original Submission Source Type: research

Hybrid Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: Safety & Efficacy of Unilateral Epicardial Access
Hybrid ablation combines thoracoscopic epicardial ablation with percutaneous catheter based endocardial ablation for the treatment of AF. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of hybrid ablation surgery for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), and to compare outcomes of unilateral versus bilateral thoracoscopic epicardial ablation. Patients with documented AF who underwent hybrid ablation were followed post-operatively for major events. Major events were classified into two categories consisting of 1) safety, comprising all-cause mortality and major morbidities, and 2) efficacy, which incl...
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 9, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Terrence Pong, Rajan L. Shah, Cody Carlton, Angeline Truong, Beatty Fann, Kevin Cyr, Joy Aparicio-Valenzuela, Chad Brodt, Paul J. Wang, Anson M. Lee Tags: ADULT – Original Submission Source Type: research

Commentary: Rethinking the role of gastroesophageal reflux in lung transplant candidates
Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is the leading cause of death in the first year following lung transplantation. Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is among one of the several risk factors for the development of CLAD.1 Early studies suggest a protective effect of anti-reflux surgery on long term transplant outcomes, especially when performed soon after lung transplantation.2 –4 Accordingly, it is acknowledged that antibodies against lung self-antigens (SAbs) play an important role in determining transplant outcomes. (Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 9, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Qimeng Gao, Isabel DeLaura, Matthew G. Hartwig Tags: THORACIC – Commentary Source Type: research

Midterm Outcomes of One-Stage Hybrid Aortic Arch Repair for Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection: A Single Center's Experience
This study sought to identify the midterm outcomes of one-stage hybrid aortic arch repair (HAAR) in patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD). Between January 2010 and December 2015, 75 consecutive patients with TAAD involving the aortic arch who underwent one-stage type Ⅱ HAAR at our institution were identified. During this period, 496 consecutive patients with TAAD underwent traditional total aortic arch replacement (TAR) with frozen elephant trunk. The preoperative, perioperative and postoperative data of all patients were compared. (Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 8, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Shen Liu, Jiawei Qiu, Juntao Qiu, Wenxiang Jiang, Wei Gao, Bo Wei, Cuntao Yu Tags: ADULT – Original Submission Source Type: research

A risk model to predict the delivery of adjuvant chemotherapy following lung resection in patients with pathologically positive lymph nodes
To investigate factors associated with the ability to receive adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with pathological N1 and N2 stage after anatomic lung resections for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Multicenter retrospective analysis on 707 consecutive patients found pathologic N1 (pN1) or N2 (pN2) disease following anatomic lung resections for NSCLC (2014-2019). Multiple imputation logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with adjuvant chemotherapy and to develop a model to predict the probability of starting this treatment. (Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 8, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Miriam Patella, Alessandro Brunelli, Laura Adams, Stefano Cafarotti, Lorena Costardi, Paul De Leyn, Herbert Decaluw é, Kevin N. Franks, Marta Fuentes, Marcelo F. Jimenez, Sunanda Karri, Johnny Moons, Pierluigi Novellis, Enrico Ruffini, Giulia Veronesi, E Tags: THORACIC – Original Submission Source Type: research

Complete Lymphadenectomy for Clinical Stage I Lepidic Adenocarcinoma of the Lung: Is it justified?
The role of a systematic lymphadenectomy in patients undergoing surgery for clinical stage I lung lepidic adenocarcinoma is still unclear. In the last years, some authors have advocated the possibility to avoid a complete lymph-node dissection in this setting. Results of patients who received systematic hilar-mediastinal nodal dissection for this oncologic condition are here reported. Between 2012 and March 2019, 135 consecutive patients underwent lung resection for clinical stage I lepidic adenocarcinoma, at our institution. (Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 7, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Giulio Maurizi, Antonio D'Andrilli, Giacomo Argento, Anna Maria Ciccone, Mohsen Ibrahim, Claudio Andreetti, Camilla Vanni, Simone Maria Tierno, Federico Venuta, Erino Angelo Rendina Tags: THORACIC – Original Submission Source Type: research

Transcatheter Approaches to Pulmonary Valve Replacement in Congenital Heart Disease: Revolutionizing the Management of RVOT Dysfunction?
Patients with congenital heart disease affecting the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), such as tetralogy of Fallot, truncus arteriosus, and other conotruncal malformations typically undergo surgical palliative procedures early in life that involve RVOT reconstruction. Depending on the surgical approach, this often leads to severe pulmonary regurgitation or RVOT obstruction that is detrimental to right ventricular hemodynamics by the imposition of a volume load, pressure load, or mix of both. (Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 5, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Ari J. Gartenberg, Matthew J. Gillespie, Andrew C. Glatz Tags: CONGENITAL - Invited Expert Opinion Source Type: research

Commentary: A Premature Presumption
Combining 25 years of ascending aortic surgery at a single institution with data from a national vital status registry, Voigt et al1 aim to study sex differences in short and long-term outcomes. While adjusted operative and 15-year mortality were similar between sexes, preoperative characteristics were significantly different, with women being older, higher risk by EuroSCORE, and having more advanced aortic disease by absolute and indexed aortic dimensions. The message of the authors, “Physicians should be aware of male-female differences to diagnose female patients with ascending aortic aneurysms in a timely fashion” ...
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 5, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Dawn S. Hui Tags: ADULT – Commentary Source Type: research

Team Approach to Decision-Making in Pulmonary Valve Replacement
Isolated pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) or right ventricle-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) conduit replacement is the most common late intervention following repair of congenital heart disease (CHD), usually tetralogy of Fallot or other conotruncal anomalies. Recent advances in transcatheter technology to manage the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) demand a collaborative approach between surgeons and cardiologists as part of a multidisciplinary team with systematic review of each patient and shared decision-making to determine the optimal treatment plan. (Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 4, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Elizabeth H. Stephens, Joseph A. Dearani, Nathaniel W. Taggart, Jason H. Anderson, William R. Miranda Tags: CONGENITAL - Invited Expert Opinion Source Type: research

The effect of diabetes on pathologic complete response among patients with esophageal cancer
Diabetes is a common comorbidity in the U.S. and is associated with adverse outcomes in a variety of disease processes. Other cancer specialties have shown an association of diabetes with poor oncologic outcomes. We hypothesized that pathologic complete response (pCR) would be less likely among diabetic patients with esophageal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT) followed by esophagectomy resulting in worse overall survival (OS). We performed a retrospective chart review at two high-volume academic hospitals of all patients with esophageal cancer who received nCRT followed by esophagectomy from 2...
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 3, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Christine E. Alvarado, Kevin C. Kapcio, Michal J. Lada, Philip A. Linden, Christopher W. Towe, Stephanie G. Worrell Tags: THORACIC – Original Submission Source Type: research

Perioperative esophagectomy outcomes in older esophageal cancer patients in two different time eras
To investigate perioperative outcomes of esophagectomies by age groups. Retrospective analysis of esophageal cancer patients undergoing esophagectomy from 2005-2020 at a single academic institution. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were analyzed by 3 age groups: (Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 2, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Aaron R. Dezube, Lisa Cooper, Emanuele Mazzola, Daniel P. Dolan, Daniel N. Lee, Suden Kucukak, Luis E. De Leon, Clark Dumontier, Abby White, Scott J. Swanson, Michael T. Jaklitsch, Laura N. Frain, Jon O. Wee, Brigham Thoracic Esophageal Large Database Gro Tags: THORACIC – Original Submission Source Type: research

Reply to a Letter to the Editor – Cardiothoracic Surgery Training Program Directors Have a Fiduciary Responsibility for Diverse Recruitment
The cardiothoracic surgery specialty needs to intentionally invest in a next generation of surgeons who reflect the increasingly diverse patient population of the United States. Finding, recruiting, and retaining talented future cardiothoracic surgeons, many of whom are future healthcare leaders, requires awareness of the systemic barriers diverse trainees face, and support of initiatives that eliminate attrition. In response to our analysis of program director awareness of readily available Underrepresented in Medicine Visiting Student Clerkship Programs (UIM-VMSCPs),1 Chen et al present a call to action to residency prog...
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 2, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Angelica C. Martin, Luis A. Godoy, Lisa M. Brown, David T. Cooke Tags: ADULT – Reply to Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Discussion
Presenter: Dr. William C. Frankel (Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 1, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Source Type: research

Discussion
AATS 2020 Virtual Annual Meeting (Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - March 1, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Tags: Discussion Source Type: research