Functional, quality of life, and neurodevelopmental outcomes after congenital cardiac surgery
Throughout the past few decades, advances in cardiology, neonatal intensive care, and surgical techniques have resulted in a growing cohort of thriving school-aged children with previously lethal complex congenital heart diseases. While survival has increased, there remains significant morbidity following repair including neurodevelopmental sequelae. Compared to children with a structurally normal heart, these infants and children have a higher frequency of abnormalities in tone, feeding, and delayed developmental milestones, as well as challenges with speech and learning disabilities, while a higher proportion of adolesce...
Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 30, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Megan L. Ringle, Gil Wernovsky Source Type: research
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Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 30, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: research
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Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 30, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: research
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Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 30, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: research
Table of Contents
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Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 30, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: research
A critical question for NEC researchers: Can we create a consensus definition of NEC that facilitates research progress?
In the last decades the reported incidence of preterm necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) has been declining in large part due to implementing comprehensive NEC prevention initiatives, including breast milk feeding, standardized feeding protocols, transfusion guidelines, and antibiotic stewardship and improving the rigor with which non-NEC cases are excluded from NEC data. However, after more than 60 years of NEC research in animal models, the promise of a “magic bullet” to prevent NEC has yet to materialize. (Source: Seminars in Perinatology)
Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 16, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Phillip V. Gordon, Jonathan R. Swanson, Brianna C. MacQueen, Robert D. Christensen Source Type: research
Should we believe in transfusion-associated enterocolitis? Applying a GRADE to the literature
Numerous observational studies appear to demonstrate an association between packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusions and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). However, the limited numbers of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) do not support a causal relationship between pRBC transfusion and NEC. We sought to determine the quality of the evidence behind transfusion-associated necrotizing enterocolitis (TANEC), and to formulate a GRADE-based recommendation regarding transfusion practices to reduce the risk of TANEC. (Source: Seminars in Perinatology)
Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 16, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Susanne Hay, John A.F. Zupancic, Dustin D. Flannery, Haresh Kirpalani, Dmitry Dukhovny Source Type: research
Early neurodevelopmental outcomes of extremely preterm infants
Infants born at extreme preterm gestation are at risk for both death and disability. Although rates of survival have improved for this population, and some evidence suggests a trend toward decreased neuromotor impairment over the past decades, a significant improvement in overall early neurodevelopmental outcome has not yet been realized. This review will examine the rates and types of neurodevelopmental impairment seen after extremely preterm birth, including neurosensory, motor, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes. (Source: Seminars in Perinatology)
Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 15, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Elizabeth E. Rogers, Susan R. Hintz Source Type: research
Advanced neuroimaging and its role in predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes in very preterm infants
Up to 35% of very preterm infants survive with neurodevelopmental impairments (NDI) such as cognitive deficits, cerebral palsy, and attention deficit disorder. Advanced MRI quantitative tools such as brain morphometry, diffusion MRI, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and functional MRI at term-equivalent age are ideally suited to improve current efforts to predict later development of disabilities. This would facilitate application of targeted early intervention therapies during the first few years of life when neuroplasticity is optimal. (Source: Seminars in Perinatology)
Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 14, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Nehal A. Parikh Source Type: research
Outcomes in childhood following therapeutic hypothermia for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE)
In this article, we review the childhood outcomes of neonates with birth depression and/or hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. The outcomes of these children prior to the era of hypothermia for neuroprotection will first be summarized, followed by discussion of results from randomized controlled trials of therapeutic hypothermia for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. The predictors of outcome in childhood following neonatal HIE using clinical and imaging biomarkers following hypothermia therapy will be described. (Source: Seminars in Perinatology)
Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 14, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Girija Natarajan, Athina Pappas, Seetha Shankaran Source Type: research
In their own words: Life at adulthood after very premature birth
This article will focus on the objective information from the published literature and how it differs from the personal perspectives of former very premature infants. (Source: Seminars in Perinatology)
Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 13, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Saroj Saigal Source Type: research
Defining outcomes for high-risk infants: Problems and possibilities
The title of this issue of Seminars in Perinatology, “Outcomes of High-Risk Infants,” naturally leads to two questions: what is meant by “high-risk infant,” and what is meant by “outcome?” The answers are not straightforward, and have evolved and expanded over the decades as perinatal and neonatal care have advanced. The term “high-risk infant” has been defined in many ways, and unfortunately has been encumbered by many negative overtones. In general, the goal of delineating infants as high-risk has been to heighten focus on those children who may benefit from increased surveillance and early intervention a...
Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 10, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Susan R. Hintz, Robert L. Hess Source Type: research
Executive function in children born preterm: Risk factors and implications for outcome
Executive function (EF) refers to the set of cognitive processes involved in the self-regulation of emotion and goal-directed behavior. These skills and the brain systems that support them develop throughout childhood and are frequently compromised in preterm children, even in those with broadly average global cognitive ability. Risks for deficits in EF in preterm children and attendant problems in learning and psychosocial functioning are higher in those with more extreme prematurity, neonatal complications, and related brain abnormalities. (Source: Seminars in Perinatology)
Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 7, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: H. Gerry Taylor, Caron A.C. Clark Source Type: research
Introduction
Michael S. Caplan (Source: Seminars in Perinatology)
Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 7, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Michael S. Caplan Source Type: research
Necrotizing: A historical perspective
This report describes the possible etiologic factors from a historical perspective, and outlines the importance of human milk, intestinal blood flow, and intestinal blood flow changes from a developmental perspective over the last 40-50 years (Source: Seminars in Perinatology)
Source: Seminars in Perinatology - November 7, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Michael S. Caplan, Avroy Fanaroff Source Type: research
