Glomerular Filtration Rate Measurement and Chemotherapy Dosing
Many chemotherapeutic drugs used to treat malignancies undergo renal clearance. Thus, accurate knowledge of kidney function is critical to ensure proper dosing, maximize efficacy, and minimize toxicity of drugs that often have a narrow therapeutic index. Making this issue more salient is the fact that impaired kidney function, as assessed by glomerular filtration rate (GFR), is encountered commonly in patients with cancer. Recent data and expert guidelines recommend the use of the Chronic Kidney Disease –Epidemiology Collaboration equation to guide the assessment of kidney function, except when directly measured GFR is c...
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - April 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Mitchell H. Rosner, Ben Sprangers, Geeta Sandhu, Jolanta Malyszko Source Type: research
Hypomagnesemia in Patients With Cancer: The Forgotten Ion
Magnesium is crucial for various cellular and enzymatic processes, yet it often is overlooked or underappreciated. Hypomagnesemia, a deficiency of magnesium in the blood, is a frequent problem in cancer patients and can lead to severe symptoms and morbidity. In this review, we provide an in-depth analysis of the physiology and regulation of magnesium, and signs and symptoms of hypomagnesemia in cancer patients. We also examine the causes and mechanisms of magnesium imbalances in cancer patients, specifically focusing on cancer-specific therapies that can lead to hypomagnesemia. (Source: Seminars in Nephrology)
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - April 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Marco Bonilla, Biruh T. Workeneh, Nupur N. Uppal Source Type: research
Chronic Kidney Disease Burden in Low-Resource Settings: Regional Perspectives
Summary: The burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has increased exponentially worldwide but more so in low- and middle-income countries. Specific risk factors in these regions expose their populations to an increased risk of CKD, such as genetic risk with APOL1 among populations of West African heritage or farmers with CKD of unknown etiology that spans various countries across several continents to immigrant/indigenous populations in both low- and high-income countries. Low- and middle-income economies also have the double burden of communicable and noncommunicable diseases, both contributing to the high prevalence of C...
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - April 12, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Ifeoma I. Ulasi, Olugbenga Awobusuyi, Saurabh Nayak, Raja Ramachandran, Carlos G. Musso, Santos A. Depine, Gustavo Aroca-Martinez, Adaobi Uzoamaka Solarin, Macaulay Onuigbo, Valerie A. Luyckx, Chinwuba K. Ijoma Source Type: research
Mesoamerican Endemic Nephropathy (MeN): A Disease Reported in Adults That May Start Since Childhood?
Mesoamerican endemic nephropathy (MeN) is a type of chronic kidney disease (CKD) of uncertain etiology that occurs along the Pacific coast of the southern part of Mexico and Central America. During the past 20 years MeN has become a leading cause of death in the region, clamming close to 50,000 lives, with 40% of these deaths occurring in young people. The cause remains unknown, but most researchers believe in a multifactorial etiology that includes social determinants of poverty. Existing evidence suggests that subclinical kidney injury begins early in life and leads to a higher than expected prevalence of CKD among child...
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - April 5, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Randall Lou-Meda, Ana Catalina Alvarez-El ías, Melvin Bonilla-Félix Source Type: research
Pregnancy-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Low-Resource Settings: Progress Over the Last Decade
Summary: Despite immense global effort, the maternal mortality rate in low-resource settings remains unacceptably high. Globally, this reflects the grave inequalities in access to health and reproductive services. Pregnancy-associated acute kidney injury (PRAKI) is an independent risk factor for mortality. The reported incidence of PRAKI in low- and middle-income countries is higher than that of high-income countries (4%-26% versus 1%-2.8%, respectively). Hypertensive disorders are now the leading cause of PRAKI in many regions, followed by hemorrhage and sepsis. (Source: Seminars in Nephrology)
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - April 2, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Bianca Davidson, Divya Bajpai, Silvi Shah, Erika Jones, Perditer Okyere, Nicola Wearne, Ramnika Gumber, Nikhil Saxena, Charlotte Osafo Source Type: research
Progress in Kidney Health in Low-Resource Settings: Building a More Equitable World —Introduction
Over the past century, kidney disease emerged as a leading global cause of morbidity and mortality. Up to 10% of the world's population (>800 million people) suffer from chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the prevalence is increasing.1,2 Low- and lower middle-income countries (LLMICs) are disproportionately affected by kidney disease.2 Persistent inequities in health care access are barriers to appropriate diagnosis and treatment, and worsen patient outcomes. Further, engagement in research is difficult for nephrologists in LLMICs. (Source: Seminars in Nephrology)
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - March 30, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Cal H. Robinson, Rulan S. Parekh Source Type: research
Screening for Kidney Disease in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Kidney disease is the 10th leading cause of death worldwide and disproportionately increases morbidity and mortality for people residing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Considering the high burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on patients, society, and health care systems, strategies to improve screening for CKD need to be prioritized. With appropriate interventions, screening could prevent progression of early stages of CKD and, ultimately, reduce the need for kidney replacement therapy. (Source: Seminars in Nephrology)
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - March 29, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Robert Kalyesubula, Andrea L. Conroy, Viviane Calice-Silva, Vivek Kumar, Ugochi Onu, Anthony Batte, Francoise Folefack Kaze, June Fabian, Ifeoma Ulasi Source Type: research
The Impact of Low Socioeconomic Status on Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Low- and Lower Middle-Income Countries
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing in prevalence and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, especially in low- and lower middle-income countries (LLMICs). Risk factors for CKD are numerous and may start in utero through to adulthood. Low socioeconomic status increases the risk of CKD and contributes to late presentation and suboptimal management especially in LLMICs. This leads to progression to kidney failure with associated increased mortality when kidney replacement therapy is required. (Source: Seminars in Nephrology)
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - March 24, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Elliot Koranteng Tannor, Onu Ugochi Chika, Ikechi G Okpechi Source Type: research
Transplant: The Success of Renal Transplant Programs
We describe the contrasting levels of provi sion of kidney transplantation in Mexico, India, Nigeria, Ghana, and Zimbabwe, and kidney transplant services for children in Africa. (Source: Seminars in Nephrology)
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - March 15, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Ebun L. Bamgboye, Manjusha Yadla, Guillermo Garcia-Garcia, Vincent Boima, Privilage D. Makanda-Charambira, Mignon I. McCulloch, Dwomoa Adu Source Type: research
Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome in Africa: Epidemiology, Treatment Trends, and Outcomes
Nephrotic syndrome is a common childhood glomerular disease that is associated with massive proteinuria and edema. Children with nephrotic syndrome are at risk of chronic kidney disease, disease-related complications, and treatment-related complications. Patients with frequently relapsing disease or steroid toxicity may require newer immunosuppressive medications. However, access to these medications is limited in many African countries owing to prohibitive cost, the need for frequent therapeutic drug monitoring, and a lack of appropriate facilities. (Source: Seminars in Nephrology)
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - March 10, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Adebowale D. Ademola, Adanze O. Asinobi, Michael A. Alao, Wasiu A. Olowu Source Type: research
Masthead
(Source: Seminars in Nephrology)
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - March 1, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Seminars in Nephrology)
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - March 1, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: Seminars in Nephrology)
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - March 1, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Access to Dialysis for Acute Kidney Injury in Low-Resource Settings
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is estimated to occur in approximately 13.3 million patients per year with an estimated mortality of 1.7 million. Approximately 85% of cases occur in low-resource settings where access to kidney replacement therapy (KRT) may be limited or nonexistent. The true extent of AKI, including access to KRT in developing countries, is largely unknown because appropriate systems are not in place to detect AKI or report it. Barriers to provision of KRT in low-resource settings revolve around systems management and funding, however, there also are region-specific issues. (Source: Seminars in Nephrology)
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - February 22, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Brett Cullis, Viviane Calice da Silva, Mignon McCulloch, Ifeoma Ulasi, Eranga Wijewickrama, Arpana Iyengar Source Type: research
Use of Medicinal Plants in Africa: A Case Study From the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
Although medicinal plants are beneficial, they also can be important risk factors for the development of acute and chronic kidney injury, as well toxicity of other solid organs. There are a lack of reports of adverse kidney events and drug interactions resulting from medicinal plants owing to a lack of professional surveillance and specific data on kidney toxicity, especially in low-resource settings. Within the context of increased medicinal plant use and lack of effective regulatory control, safety is a key priority issue. (Source: Seminars in Nephrology)
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - February 19, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Chantal Zinga, Kalulu Taba, Gauthier Mesia, Ernest Sumaili, Gaston Tona, Jean-Jacques Muyembe, Junior Kindala, Nazaire Nseka Source Type: research
