Correction to: Narcolepsy: a model interaction between immune system, nervous system, and sleep-wake regulation
(Source: Seminars in Immunopathology)
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - May 26, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
The intestinal and biliary microbiome in autoimmune liver disease —current evidence and concepts
AbstractAutoimmune liver diseases are a group of immune-mediated liver diseases with three distinct entities, including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. The interplay of genetic and environmental factors leads to the breakdown of self-tolerance, resulting in hyper-responsiveness, and auto-aggressive immune activation. Emerging evidence links autoimmune liver diseases with alterations of the commensal microbiome configuration and aberrant immune system activation by microbial signals, mainly via the gut-liver axis. Thus, the microbiome is a new frontier to deepen the pat...
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - May 10, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Harnessing the liver to induce antigen-specific immune tolerance
AbstractAutoimmune diseases develop when the adaptive immune system attacks the body ’s own antigens leading to tissue damage. At least 80 different conditions are believed to have an autoimmune aetiology, including rheumatoid arthritis, type I diabetes, multiple sclerosis or systemic lupus erythematosus. Collectively, autoimmune diseases are a leading cause of severe health impai rment along with substantial socioeconomic costs. Current treatments are mostly symptomatic and non-specific, and it is typically not possible to cure these diseases. Thus, the development of more causative treatments that suppress only the pat...
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - May 5, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Glial-mediated neuroinflammatory mechanisms in age-related macular degeneration
This article presents a review of the current evidence regarding the involvement of glia in the pathophysiology of AMD, an overview of the key immune circuits and effector mechanisms shown to be active in AMD, and potential therapeutic avenues targeting glial involvement. (Source: Seminars in Immunopathology)
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - May 5, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Harnessing the liver to induce antigen-specific immune tolerance
AbstractAutoimmune diseases develop when the adaptive immune system attacks the body ’s own antigens leading to tissue damage. At least 80 different conditions are believed to have an autoimmune aetiology, including rheumatoid arthritis, type I diabetes, multiple sclerosis or systemic lupus erythematosus. Collectively, autoimmune diseases are a leading cause of severe health impai rment along with substantial socioeconomic costs. Current treatments are mostly symptomatic and non-specific, and it is typically not possible to cure these diseases. Thus, the development of more causative treatments that suppress only the pat...
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - May 5, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Glial-mediated neuroinflammatory mechanisms in age-related macular degeneration
This article presents a review of the current evidence regarding the involvement of glia in the pathophysiology of AMD, an overview of the key immune circuits and effector mechanisms shown to be active in AMD, and potential therapeutic avenues targeting glial involvement. (Source: Seminars in Immunopathology)
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - May 5, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Establishment of tissue-resident immune populations in the fetus
AbstractThe immune system establishes during the prenatal period from distinct waves of stem and progenitor cells and continuously adapts to the needs and challenges of early postnatal and adult life. Fetal immune development not only lays the foundation for postnatal immunity but establishes functional populations of tissue-resident immune cells that are instrumental for fetal immune responses amidst organ growth and maturation. This review aims to discuss current knowledge about the development and function of tissue-resident immune populations during fetal life, focusing on the brain, lung, and gastrointestinal tract as...
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - May 4, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Cell death in development, maintenance, and diseases of the nervous system
AbstractCell death, be it of neurons or glial cells, marks the development of the nervous system. Albeit relatively less so than in tissues such as the gut, cell death is also a feature of nervous system homeostasis —especially in context of adult neurogenesis. Finally, cell death is commonplace in acute brain injuries, chronic neurodegenerative diseases, and in some central nervous system tumors such as glioblastoma. Recent studies are enumerating the various molecular modalities involved in the execution of cells. Intimately linked with cell death are mechanisms of disposal that remove the dead cell and bring about a t...
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - May 4, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Establishment of tissue-resident immune populations in the fetus
AbstractThe immune system establishes during the prenatal period from distinct waves of stem and progenitor cells and continuously adapts to the needs and challenges of early postnatal and adult life. Fetal immune development not only lays the foundation for postnatal immunity but establishes functional populations of tissue-resident immune cells that are instrumental for fetal immune responses amidst organ growth and maturation. This review aims to discuss current knowledge about the development and function of tissue-resident immune populations during fetal life, focusing on the brain, lung, and gastrointestinal tract as...
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - May 4, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Cell death in development, maintenance, and diseases of the nervous system
AbstractCell death, be it of neurons or glial cells, marks the development of the nervous system. Albeit relatively less so than in tissues such as the gut, cell death is also a feature of nervous system homeostasis —especially in context of adult neurogenesis. Finally, cell death is commonplace in acute brain injuries, chronic neurodegenerative diseases, and in some central nervous system tumors such as glioblastoma. Recent studies are enumerating the various molecular modalities involved in the execution of cells. Intimately linked with cell death are mechanisms of disposal that remove the dead cell and bring about a t...
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - May 4, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
The aging immune system in Alzheimer ’s and Parkinson’s diseases
AbstractThe neurodegenerative diseases Alzheimer ’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) both have a myriad of risk factors including genetics, environmental exposures, and lifestyle. However, aging is the strongest risk factor for both diseases. Aging also profoundly influences the immune system, with immunosenescence perhaps the most pr ominent outcome. Through genetics, mouse models, and pathology, there is a growing appreciation of the role the immune system plays in neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we explore the intersection of aging and the immune system in AD and PD. (Source: Seminars in Immunopathology)
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - May 3, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
A Conceptual Framework for Inducing T Cell-Mediated Immunity Against Glioblastoma
AbstractGlioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor with limited treatment options. Several major challenges have limited the development of novel therapeutics, including the extensive heterogeneity of tumor cell states within each glioblastoma and the ability of glioma cells to diffusely infiltrate into neighboring healthy brain tissue, including the contralateral hemisphere. A T cell-mediated immune response could deal with these challenges based on the ability of polyclonal T cell populations to recognize diverse tumor antigens and perform surveillance throughout tissues. Here we will discuss the major pathways that...
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - May 3, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
The aging immune system in Alzheimer ’s and Parkinson’s diseases
AbstractThe neurodegenerative diseases Alzheimer ’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) both have a myriad of risk factors including genetics, environmental exposures, and lifestyle. However, aging is the strongest risk factor for both diseases. Aging also profoundly influences the immune system, with immunosenescence perhaps the most pr ominent outcome. Through genetics, mouse models, and pathology, there is a growing appreciation of the role the immune system plays in neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we explore the intersection of aging and the immune system in AD and PD. (Source: Seminars in Immunopathology)
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - May 3, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
