Loneliness in psychotic illness and its association with cardiometabolic disorders
Loneliness is an established risk factor for poor cardiometabolic health. People with psychotic disorders experience high rates of both cardiometabolic disease and loneliness, but how these factors are associated is poorly understood. Thus, using data from the second Australian National Survey of Psychosis we examined whether loneliness is associated with the likelihood of cardiometabolic disorder in psychotic illness. Loneliness was assessed using a single-item measure, with a 4-point scale (not lonely; lonely occasionally; some friends but lonely for company; socially isolated and lonely) whilst cardiometabolic status wa...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 19, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Johanna C. Badcock, Andrew Mackinnon, Anna Waterreus, Gerald F. Watts, David Castle, John J. McGrath, Vera A. Morgan Source Type: research
A qualitative study of patient experience when switching from paliperidone palmitate once monthly (PP1M) to paliperidone palmitate three monthly (PP3M) long-acting injectable antipsychotic
Paliperidone palmitate 1-month (PP1M) and 3-month (PP3M) are long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics that aim to enhance adherence, efficacy, tolerability and convenience of medication. Hospitalization rates, occupational status, treatment preference, satisfaction and caregiver burden of patients with schizophrenia has been assessed, and the advantages and disadvantages of PP1M vs. PP3M treatment has been evaluated in previous reports (Brasso et al. 2017; Einarson et al. 2017). With knowledge of patients' perspectives, healthcare providers could strengthen patient-provider relationships and better explore patients' rea...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 18, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jonathan K. Lai, Howard C. Margolese Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Shared co-expression networks in frontal cortex of the normal aged brain and schizophrenia
Previous studies on the brain of people with schizophrenia have identified structural changes and gene expression changes, suggesting that brain aging maybe accelerated in people with schizophrenia. To better characterize gene expression profiles in schizophrenia and in the aged population we constructed co-expression networks using RNA-Seq data from frontal cortex. The first data set analysed was from 62 subjects with schizophrenia and 51 unaffected controls ranging in age from 19 to 63 years. The second separate data set was from normal control individuals ranging in age from 29 to 106 years. (Source: Schizophrenia Research)
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 15, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Sanghyeon Kim, Yousang Jo, Maree J. Webster, Doheon Lee Source Type: research
An Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) haplotype linked with psychosis transition is associated with IL1B gene expression and brain structure
We investigated IL1B genetic variation previously associated with risk for transition to psychosis for its association with gene expression in human post-mortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) from 74 (37 schizophrenia, 37 control) individuals and brain structure in 92 (44 schizophrenia, 48 control) living individuals. The IL1B A-G-T ‘risk for psychosis transition’ haplotype (rs16944|rs4848306|rs12621220) was associated with upregulation of IL1B mRNA expression in the DLPFC as well as reduced total grey matter and left middle frontal volumes and enlarged left lateral ventricular volume. (Source: Schizophrenia Research)
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 14, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Md Shaki Mostaid, Stefanos Dimitrakopoulos, Cassandra Wannan, Vanessa Cropley, Cynthia Shannon Weickert, Ian P. Everall, Christos Pantelis, Chad A. Bousman Source Type: research
Federated multi-site longitudinal study of at-risk mental state for psychosis in Japan
There has been recent accumulation of evidence and clinical guidance regarding the at-risk mental state (ARMS) for psychosis. However, most studies have been observational cohort and intervention studies of Western populations. To assess the validity of the ARMS concept and the transition rate to psychosis in a non-Western nation, we retrospectively combined and analyzed clinical data of individuals diagnosed with ARMS who were prospectively followed-up at three specialized clinical services for ARMS in Japan. (Source: Schizophrenia Research)
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Kazunori Matsumoto, Masahiro Katsura, Naohisa Tsujino, Shimako Nishiyama, Takahiro Nemoto, Naoyuki Katagiri, Tsutomu Takahashi, Yuko Higuchi, Noriyuki Ohmuro, Hiroo Matsuoka, Michio Suzuki, Masafumi Mizuno Source Type: research
Simulated car driving and its association with cognitive abilities in patients with schizophrenia
This study is the first to examine driving behaviour of patients with schizophrenia using an advanced driving simulator, and to explore the role of cognitive abilities of people with schizophrenia for driving. (Source: Schizophrenia Research)
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Anselm B.M. Fuermaier, Dafne Piersma, Rafaele J.C. Huntjens, Dick de Waard, Celina Westermann, Magdalena Bossert, Klaus W. Lange, Matthias Weisbrod, Richard Bruggeman, Steffen Aschenbrenner, Oliver Tucha Source Type: research
Family functioning moderates the impact of psychosis-risk symptoms on social and role functioning
Youth at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis often experience difficulties in social and role functioning. Given evidence that family stress and support can impact psychosis-risk symptoms, as well as an individual's ability to fulfill social and role functions, family dynamics are hypothesized to moderate the effect of psychosis-risk symptoms on functioning. (Source: Schizophrenia Research)
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 8, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Elizabeth Thompson, Pamela Rakhshan, Steven C. Pitts, Caroline Demro, Zachary B. Millman, Kristin Bussell, Jordan DeVylder, Emily Kline, Gloria M. Reeves, Jason Schiffman Source Type: research
Color vision impairments in schizophrenia and the role of antipsychotic medication type
Schizophrenia patients (SCZ) demonstrate deficits in many domains of mental functioning, including visual perception. An issue that has been relatively unexplored, in terms of explaining variation in visual function in SCZ, however, is medication use. The present study explored potential medication effects on color vision in SCZ, a process that is strongly linked to dopaminergic function in the retina. SCZ patients who had clear-cut either typical (n = 29) or atypical (n = 29) monotherapy, without any other concurrent medication, and a group of age- and gender-matched healthy controls participated in the study. (S...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 7, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Thiago Monteiro Paiva Fernandes, Steven M. Silverstein, Pamela D. Butler, Szabolcs K éri, Lucas Galdino Santos, Renata Lyra Nogueira, Natanael Antonio Santos Source Type: research
Elevated allostatic load index is associated with working memory deficits in first-episode psychosis
Cognitive impairment represents one of core characteristics of schizophrenia psychopathology. Chronic stress might impact cognition via various mechanisms (Marin et al., 2011). According to the allostatic load (AL) concept, processes that are activated in response to stress are adaptive in a short-term perspective and enable to maintain homeostasis (McEwen and Wingfield, 2003). These processes have been termed ‘allostasis’. The AL refers to detrimental effects of chronic stress exposure that appear due to over-activation of allostatic mechanisms. (Source: Schizophrenia Research)
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 7, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: B łażej Misiak, Kamila Kotowicz, Olga Loska, Filip Stramecki, Jan Aleksander Beszłej, Jerzy Samochowiec, Agnieszka Samochowiec, Marcin Jabłoński, Piotr Podwalski, Katarzyna Waszczuk, Michał Wroński, Anna Michalczyk, Leszek Sagan, Patryk Piotrowski Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Comparing static and dynamic predictors of risk for hostility in serious mental illness: Preliminary findings
This study compared static predictors of hostility (e.g. demographics, clinician ratings) to subjective (i.e., self-reported affect on slider scales in response to written questions) and objective (i.e., vocal indicators of arousal from speech samples in a story-retelling task) dynamic predictors using ambulatory assessment over five days in a sample of 25 stable outpatients with diagnoses of a serious mental illness. Multilevel modeling showed that both subjective and objective dynamic predictors were significant, but none of the static predictors were. (Source: Schizophrenia Research)
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tovah Cowan, Thanh P. Le, Brita Elvev åg, Peter W. Foltz, Raymond P. Tucker, Terje B. Holmlund, Alex S. Cohen Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Short-term outcome of first episode delusional disorder in an early intervention population
Previous evidence suggests that delusional disorder has a later onset and better functional outcomes compared to schizophrenia. However, studies have not examined longitudinal outcomes in a first episode population, where confounding factors may be adjusted for. (Source: Schizophrenia Research)
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tobias Rowland, Maximillian Birchwood, Swaran Singh, Nicholas Freemantle, Linda Everard, Peter Jones, David Fowler, Tim Amos, Max Marshall, Vimal Sharma, Andrew Thompson Source Type: research
N400 event-related brain potential evidence for semantic priming deficits in persons at clinical high risk for psychosis
The N400 electroencephalographic event-related potential (ERP) waveform normally occurs in response to any meaningful stimulus, such as a word or picture, and is smaller (less negative) for stimuli that are more related to preceding ones (Kutas and Federmeier, 2011). For example, after seeing the prime word cat, people exhibit smaller N400 s to the related word mouse than the unrelated word arrow. These “N400 semantic priming effects” are thought to occur because meaningful prime stimuli activate the neural representations of their concepts in semantic memory, our store of knowledge about the world, and this activat...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jennifer R. Lepock, Romina Mizrahi, Michele Korostil, Margaret Maheandiran, Cory J. Gerritsen, Lauren Drvaric, Sarah Ahmed, R. Michael Bagby, Michael Kiang Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Separating hearing sensitivity from auditory perceptual abnormalities in clinical high risk (CHR) youth
Attenuated auditory distortions, illusions or hallucinations are often observed in those meeting criteria for a prodromal syndrome (clinical high-risk CHR individuals). For example, CHR individuals might report hearing distinct and indistinct sounds or words in the absence of an external stimulus, such as hearing one's name being called, only to then discover that no one is around. Given the costs associated with false-positive CHR diagnoses (e.g., stigma, unnecessary and expensive treatment), it is important to accurately understand and categorize these types of experiences. (Source: Schizophrenia Research)
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Teresa Vargas, K. Juston Osborne, Emily S. Cibelli, Vijay A. Mittal Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
A phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of TAK-063 in subjects with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia
TAK-063 is a potent, selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 10A, an enzyme selectively expressed in medium spiny neurons of the striatum. This randomized, parallel-group study evaluated the efficacy and safety of 20-mg daily TAK-063 versus placebo in subjects with acutely exacerbated symptoms of schizophrenia (NCT02477020). (Source: Schizophrenia Research)
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 3, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Thomas A. Macek, Maggie McCue, Xinxin Dong, Elizabeth Hanson, Paul Goldsmith, John Affinito, Atul R. Mahableshwarkar Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Schizophrenia Research)
Source: Schizophrenia Research - September 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
