Longitudinal MicroRNA Signature of Conversion to Psychosis
ConclusionsIn this first longitudinal study of microRNA variation during conversion to psychosis, we combined 2 methodologically independent data-driven strategies to identify a dynamic epigenetic signature of the emergence of psychosis that is pathophysiologically relevant. (Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin)
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - August 22, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Altered Temporal Dynamics of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Adolescent-Onset First-Episode Psychosis
ConclusionsdFC measures hold potential towards the development of brain-based biomarkers characterizing adolescent-onset SSD. (Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin)
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - August 22, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The Relevance of Animal Models of Social Isolation and Social Motivation for Understanding Schizophrenia: Review and Future Directions
ConclusionsWhile experimenter-imposed social isolation provides a viable experimental model for understanding some biological mechanisms linking social dysfunction to clinical and neural pathology in schizophrenia, it bypasses critical antecedents to social isolation in schizophrenia, notably deficits in social reward and social motivation. Recent efforts at modeling social motivation using effort-based tasks in rodents have the potential to quantify these antecedents, identify models (eg, developmental, genetic) that produce deficits, and advance pharmacological treatments for social motivation. (Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin)
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - August 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Predictors of Mortality Following a Schizophrenia Spectrum Diagnosis: Evidence From the 20-Year Follow-up of the OPUS Randomized Controlled Trial
ConclusionsThere is an increased risk of early mortality in schizophrenia compared to the background population, and there is an urgent need for new efforts to improve the disparities in health that lead to this increased mortality. (Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin)
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - August 1, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Epidemiological and Genetic Analyses of Schizophrenia and Breast Cancer
ConclusionsOur study demonstrates an intrinsic link underlying schizophrenia and breast cancer, which may inform tailored screening and management of breast cancer in schizophrenia. (Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin)
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - July 19, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Differences in Patterns of Stimulant Use and Their Impact on First-Episode Psychosis Incidence: An Analysis of the EUGEI Study
AbstractBackgroundUse of illegal stimulants is associated with an increased risk of psychotic disorder. However, the impact of stimulant use on odds of first-episode psychosis (FEP) remains unclear. Here, we aimed to describe the patterns of stimulant use and examine their impact on odds of FEP.MethodsWe included patients with FEP aged 18 –64 years who attended psychiatric services at 17 sites across 5 European countries and Brazil, and recruited controls representative of each local population (FEP = 1130; controls = 1497). Patterns of stimulant use were described. We computed fully adjusted logistic regression models (...
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - July 19, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Temporal Interactions Between Social Motivation and Behavior In Daily Life Among Individuals at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis
ConclusionsFindings suggest that social behavior and motivation have different temporal interactions in CHR and CN. Psychosocial interventions may benefit from targeting the frequency of social behavior with specific partners and modalities to change social motivation. (Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin)
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - July 19, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Retinal Neurodegeneration as a Potential Biomarker of Accelerated Aging in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
ConclusionsThe results suggest that retinal atrophy occurs at an increased rate in schizophrenia spectrum disorders, potentially reflecting accelerated aging inherent to these conditions, with considerable contributions from systemic medical diseases closely linked to this population. (Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin)
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - July 17, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Neural Signatures of Predictive Strategies Track Individuals Along the Autism-Schizophrenia Continuum
ConclusionsThese findings revealed that the weight assigned to prior knowledge is a marker of the ASD –SSD continuum, potentially useful for identifying individuals at-risk of developing mental disorders and for understanding the mechanisms contributing to the onset of symptoms observed in ASD and SSD clinical forms. (Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin)
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - July 14, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Pleiotropic CACNA1C Variants and Neuronal Function in Psychosis
Thanks to the ongoing global efforts of genomics consortia, genome-wide association studies are increasingly providing common variant genetic data that may be integrated with other, extant multi-omics data.CACNA1C is a prime example of a genome-wide association studies discovery with possible leads to bedside. It has strong effects on neurodevelopment, it is targeted with calcium channel blockers (CCB), and there is ample evidence ofCACNA1C common variant association with schizophrenia and with several other major psychiatric disorders,1 –10 most notably bipolar disorder. (Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin)
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - July 11, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Mendelian Randomization Using the Druggable Genome Reveals Genetically Supported Drug Targets for Psychiatric Disorders
ConclusionsOur findings with genetic support were more likely to be to succeed in clinical trials. In addition, our study prioritizes approved drug targets for the development of new therapies and provides critical drug reuse opportunities for psychiatric disorders. (Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin)
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - July 7, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Social Withdrawal, Loneliness, and Health in Schizophrenia: Psychological and Neural Mechanisms
ConclusionsA synthesis of evolutionary and cognitive theories with the “social homeostasis” model of social isolation and loneliness represents one testable framework for understanding the dynamic cognitive and biological correlates, as well as the health consequences, of social disconnection in SMI. The development of such an understanding may provide the basis fo r novel approaches for preventing or treating both functional disability and poor physical health that diminish the quality and length of life for many individuals with these conditions. (Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin)
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - July 7, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Approaches to Studying and Improving Social Motivation in Schizophrenia
AbstractSocial motivation impairments, or “asociality,” have long been considered a core clinical feature of schizophrenia. Although the prevalence and pervasive negative impact of poor social motivation is well-documented, our understanding is limited regarding causal mechanisms. Advances in definition, conceptualization, and character ization are needed to inform research aimed at understanding these mechanisms and developing effective interventions. This theme issue is intended to accelerate efforts to study and treat social motivation in schizophrenia by synthesizing the current knowledge and providing new framewor...
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - July 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Transdiagnostic Predictors of Everyday Functioning: Examining the Relationships of Depression and Reinforcement Learning
ConclusionsThese findings imply that reinforcement learning may differentially relate to function across disorders, traditional domains of neurocognition can be effective transdiagnostic targets for interventions, and positive symptoms and depression play a critical role in self-perceived functional impairments. (Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin)
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - June 29, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Social Psychopharmacology: Novel Approaches to Treat Deficits in Social Motivation in Schizophrenia
ConclusionsGiven the acute effects of these drugs on behavioral and performance-based measures of social motivation in healthy volunteers, they may be particularly beneficial as an adjunct to psychosocial training programs in patient populations. It remains to be determined how these medications affect patients with deficits in social motivation, and in which contexts they may be most effectively administered. (Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin)
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - June 26, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
