Dihydromyricetin suppresses inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo through inhibition of IKK β activity in macrophages
Summary
Dihydromyricetin (DMY) a flavonoid derived from medicinal plant Ampelopsis grossedentata, possesses anti‐oxidative and anti‐inflammatory effects in vitro, however, the in vivo anti‐inflammatory action of DMY remains unknown. In the current study, carrageenan‐induced paw edema in rat, an acute inflammation model, and RAW264.7 macrophages activated by LPS were employed to evaluate the anti‐inflammatory potency of DMY in vivo and in vitro. Results showed that DMY significantly attenuated rat paw edema induced by carrageenan. Also, DMY markedly inhibited NO secretion, iNOS, and COX‐2 protein expression, as ...
Source: Scanning - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Rui Wang, Jiang Pi, Xiaohui Su, Juan Liu, Xing Zeng, Ivan Wong, Lufen Huang, Hua Zhou, Jiye Cai, Ting Li, Liang Liu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Design of a high ‐bandwidth tripod scanner for high speed atomic force microscopy
Summary
Tip‐scanning high‐speed atomic force microscopes (HS‐AFMs) have several advantages over their sample‐scanning counterparts. Firstly, they can be used on samples of almost arbitrary size since the high imaging bandwidth of the system is immune to the added mass of the sample and its holder. Depending on their layouts, they also enable the use of several tip‐scanning HS‐AFMs in combination. However, the need for tracking the cantilever with the readout laser makes designing tip‐scanning HS‐AFMs difficult. This often results in a reduced resonance frequency of the HS‐AFM scanner, or a complex and lar...
Source: Scanning - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Chen Yang, Jihong Yan, Maja Dukic, Nahid Hosseini, Jie Zhao, Georg E. Fantner Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Information or resolution: Which is required from an SEM to study bulk inorganic materials?
Summary
Significant technological advances in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been achieved over the past years. Different SEMs can have significant differences in functionality and performance. This work presents the perspectives on selecting an SEM for research on bulk inorganic materials. Understanding materials demands quantitative composition and orientation information, and informative and interpretable images that reveal subtle differences in chemistry, orientation/structure, topography, and electronic structure. The capability to yield informative and interpretable images with high signal‐to‐noise ratio...
Source: Scanning - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Q. Xing Tags: Review Source Type: research
Structural study on the interactions of oxaliplatin and linear DNA
This study characterized, the key structures of different linear DNA in the platination process by UV absorption spectra and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Bathochromic shift and hyperchromicity in UV spectra after addition of oxaliplatin revealed that it can disrupt base stacking of DNA in the platination process. AFM results of different linear DNA indicated that, the platination process can induce DNA change from an extended conformation to the network structure with many kinks and finally to the compact particles, or toroids with increasing the incubation time. All AFM results confirmed that, platination of different l...
Source: Scanning - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Yongpeng Zou, Linhai Biao, Fengjie Xu, Ruisi Liu, Zhiguo Liu, Yujie Fu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Disulfiram chelated with copper promotes apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by impairing the mitochondria functions
Summary
Disulfiram (DSF) has been proved to have broad‐spectrum anti‐alcoholism effects, and it is also found to show stronger anti‐tumor effects after chelating with Cu2+ to form DSF‐Cu complex. In this work, we studied the anti‐tumor activity of DSF‐Cu in MCF‐7 cells by flow cytometry, confocal laser scanning microscope, and atomic force microscopy to clarify the underlying anti‐tumor mechanisms. MCF‐7 cells were incubated with 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 nM DSF chelated with 10 µM CuCl2 for 24 h. The results showed that DSF‐Cu could induce the accumulation of MCF‐7 cells in G2/M phase and apo...
Source: Scanning - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Yaping Yang, Kefan Zhang, Yawei Wang, Mengjia Li, Xiaoxue Sun, Zhihong Liang, Liwei Wang, Lixin Chen, Haifeng Yang, Linyan Zhu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Brain early infarct detection using gamma correction extreme‐level eliminating with weighting distribution
SUMMARY
According to the statistic from World Health Organization (WHO), stroke is one of the major causes of death globally. Computed tomography (CT) scan is one of the main medical diagnosis system used for diagnosis of ischemic stroke. CT scan provides brain images in Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) format. The presentation of CT brain images is mainly relied on the window setting (window center and window width), which converts an image from DICOM format into normal grayscale format. Nevertheless, the ordinary window parameter could not deliver a proper contrast on CT brain images for ischemic str...
Source: Scanning - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: V. Teh, K. S. Sim, E. K. Wong Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
A micro‐computed tomography study of the negotiation and anatomical feature in apical root canal of mandibular molars
In conclusion, ARC anatomic variations had a strong potential impact on the negotiation. The category of negotiation in ARC would be helpful in the using of NiTi rotary instruments. Negotiation of ARC to the working length with patency should be careful and skillful because of the complexities of ARC. SCANNING 9999:1–6, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Scanning)
Source: Scanning - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Yi Min, Jing‐Zhi Ma, Ya Shen, Gary Shun‐Pan Cheung, Yuan Gao Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Bending resistance and cyclic fatigue of a new heat‐treated reciprocating instrument
Summary
The current study aimed to evaluate the bending resistance and the cyclic fatigue life of a new heat‐treated reciprocating instrument (ProDesign R). Untreated ProDesign R, Reciproc R25, and WaveOne Primary instruments were used as reference instruments for comparison. The bending resistance was performed in ten instruments of each system by using a universal testing machine and a proper apparatus. The cyclic fatigue resistance was tested measuring the number of cycles to failure in an artificial stainless steel canal. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was performed to determine the mode of fracture and possib...
Source: Scanning - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Cristiane Rodrigues, Victor Talarico Leal Vieira, Felipe Gonçalves Belladonna, Gustavo De‐Deus, Hélio Pereira Lopes Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Simulations and measurements in scanning electron microscopes at low electron energy
Summary
The advent of new imaging technologies in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) using low energy (0–2 keV) electrons has brought about new ways to study materials at the nanoscale. It also brings new challenges in terms of understanding electron transport at these energies. In addition, reduction in energy has brought new contrast mechanisms producing images that are sometimes difficult to interpret. This is increasing the push for simulation tools, in particular for low impact energies of electrons. The use of Monte Carlo calculations to simulate the transport of electrons in materials has been undertaken by many...
Source: Scanning - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Christopher G.H. Walker, Luděk Frank, Ilona Müllerová Tags: Review Source Type: research
Immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharide compounds in macrophages revealed by high resolution AFM
In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that PCs‐1 and PCs‐2 had strong immunomodulatory effects on macrophages both in in vitro and in vivo models by atomic force microscopy (AFM). By high resolution AFM imaging, PCs‐1 and PCs‐2 were found to inhibit LPS induced cell surface particle size and roughness increase in RAW264.7 macrophages, demonstrating the anti‐inflammatory effects of PCs‐1 and PCs‐2 on macrophages. PCs‐1 and PCs‐2 were also proved to increase the particle size and roughness of resting RAW264.7 macrophages, which suggested that PCs could activate resting RAW264.7 macrophages. And ...
Source: Scanning - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Jiang Pi, Yuanyuan Wang, Haiyan Zhu, Hua Jin, Jinhuan Jiang, Fen Yang, Chung Wah Ma, Minghua Hu, Fangli Ma, Huaihong Cai, Jiye Cai Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Scanning electron microscopy combined with image processing technique: Analysis of microstructure, texture and tenderness in Semitendinous and Gluteus Medius bovine muscles
In this study the effect of freeze drying on the microstructure, texture, and tenderness of Semitendinous and Gluteus Medius bovine muscles were analyzed applying Scanning Electron Microscopy combined with image analysis. Samples were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy at different magnifications (250, 500, and 1,000×). Texture parameters were analyzed by Texture analyzer and by image analysis. Tenderness by Warner–Bratzler shear force. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were obtained for image and instrumental texture features. A linear trend with a linear correlation was applied for instrumental and image...
Source: Scanning - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Facundo Pieniazek, Valeria Messina Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Atomic ‐scale characterization of the equilibrium β phase in Mg‐Nd‐Y alloy by means of HAADF‐STEM
Scanning,Volume 38, Issue 6, Page 743-746, November/December 2016. (Source: Scanning)
Source: Scanning - April 27, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Jingxu Zheng
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Bin Chen Source Type: research
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Scanning,Volume 38, Issue 6, Page 743-746, November/December 2016. (Source: Scanning)
Source: Scanning - April 27, 2016 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
