Biocidal products: Opportunities in risk assessment, management, and communication
This study aimed to provide an overview of key aspects of risk assessment, management, and communication that ensure the safety of biocidal active ingredients and products. The inherent characteristics of biocidal products make them effective against pests and pathogens; however, they also possess potential toxicities. Therefore, public awareness regarding both the beneficial and potential adverse effects of biocidal products needs to be increased. Biocidal active ingredients and products are regulated under specific laws: the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act for the United States; the European Union (EU...
Source: Risk Analysis - May 28, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Byung ‐Mu Lee,
Angela Bearth,
Robert M. Tighe,
Manho Kim,
Simon Tan,
Seok Kwon Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Risk justice: Boosting the contribution of risk management to sustainable development
This article offers a new conceptual framework called risk justice that comprises procedural, distributive, and corrective justice in four dimensions related to sustainable development: social, ecological, spatial, and temporal issues. Risk justice is defined as the quality of being fair and reasonable while governing and managing a possible negative event. After explaining the conceptual framework, a detailed content analysis of two international guidelines for disaster risk management (the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015 –2030 and the European Floods Directive) illustrates the analytical potential of ...
Source: Risk Analysis - May 22, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Mathilde de Go ër de Herve,
Thomas Schinko,
John Handmer Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Risk analysis sampling methods in terrorist networks based on the Banzhaf value
This article introduces the Banzhaf and the Banzhaf –Owen values as novel measures of risk analysis of a terrorist attack, determining the most dangerous terrorists in a network. This new approach counts with the advantage of integrating at the same time the complete topology (i.e., nodes and edges) of the network and a coalitional structure on the nodes of the network. More precisely, the characteristics of the nodes (e.g., terrorists) of the network and their possible relationships (e.g., types of communication links), as well as coalitional information (e.g., level of hierarchies) independent of the network. First, fo...
Source: Risk Analysis - May 21, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Encarnaci ón Algaba,
Andrea Prieto,
Alejandro Saavedra‐Nieves Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Behaviorally segmented audiences for managing sunscreen chemical pollution risk in protected coastal natural resource areas
AbstractThis audience segmentation of visitors at coastal parks in Hawaii and North Carolina addresses an emergent natural resource management concern and risk to aquatic ecosystems: sunscreen chemical pollution. Four audiences were identified that correspond to different behavioral profiles: sunscreen protection tourists, multimodal sun protection tourists, in-state frequent park visitors, and frequent beachgoers who skip sunscreen. The second-largest audience, sunscreen protection tourists, represents 29% of visitors at Cape Lookout National Seashore and 25% at Kaloko-Honok ōhau National Historical Park. This group rank...
Source: Risk Analysis - May 16, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: K. L. Akerlof,
Jacqueline Loevenich,
Sara Melena,
Christine A. Lipsky Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Social identification and risk dynamics: How perceptions of (inter)personal and collective risk impact the adoption of COVID ‐19 preventative behaviors
AbstractPublic adoption of preventative behaviors to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 is crucial to managing the pandemic, and so it is vital to determine what factors influence the uptake of those behaviors. Previous studies have identified COVID-19 risk perceptions as a key factor, but this work has typically been limited both in assuming that risk means risk to the personal self, and in being reliant on self-reported data. Drawing on the social identity approach, we conducted two online studies in which we investigated the effects of two different types of risk on preventative measure taking: risk to the personal sel...
Source: Risk Analysis - May 4, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Mark Atkinson,
Fergus Neville,
Evangelos Ntontis,
Stephen Reicher Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Assessing the economic ripple effect of flood disasters in light of the recovery process: Insights from an agent ‐based model
AbstractTo assess the economic ripple effect, this study integrates agent-based modeling (ABM) with a multiregional input –output (MRIO) table to develop an assessment model that considers capacity recovery process. The intermediate and final demands in the MRIO table are used to describe the agents’ interdependence. Survival analysis is used to construct capacity rate curves. By defining the first- and second-orde r ripple effects, ABM is used to capture the ripple process in days. To conduct a case study, the service and retail sectors in Enshi in Hubei, China, are selected as disaster-affected sectors (they were sev...
Source: Risk Analysis - May 1, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Xinyu Jiang,
Ruiying Jia,
Lijiao Yang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Comparative risk perception of the monkeypox outbreak and the monkeypox vaccine
AbstractBased on survey data collected from a nationally representative sample (N = 1,000), this study applies the psychometric paradigm to demonstrate that the American public perceived the monkeypox outbreak as a more dreaded risk than the monkeypox vaccine, but they also viewed the monkeypox vaccine as a more unknown risk. These perceptions influenced their overall risk jud gment toward the monkeypox outbreak, support for public health responses and government assistance measures, and likelihood to get vaccinated. Contributing to research on risk perception, these findings indicate that the dread and unknown dimension...
Source: Risk Analysis - April 29, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Janet Z. Yang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
A copula ‐based method of risk prediction for autonomous underwater gliders in dynamic environments
This study potentially contributes a tailored tool of risk prediction for AUGs in dynamic environments, which can enhance the safety performance of AUGs and assist in risk mitigation for decision makers. (Source: Risk Analysis)
Source: Risk Analysis - April 28, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Xi Chen,
Neil Bose,
Mario Brito,
Faisal Khan,
Ting Zou Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
A classification system for characterizing the integrity and quality of evidence in risk studies
This study develops and presents a classification system to evaluate quality and integrity of evidence that is based on current risk science guidance, best practices from non-risk disciplines, and lessons learned from recent risk events. The classification system is demonstrated on a cyber-security application. This study will be of interest to risk researchers, risk professionals, and data analysts. (Source: Risk Analysis)
Source: Risk Analysis - April 28, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Shital Thekdi,
Terje Aven Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Assessing the economic impacts of a perfect storm of extreme weather, pandemic control, and export restrictions: A methodological construct
This article investigates the economic impacts of a multi-disaster mix comprising extreme weather, such as flooding, pandemic control, and export restrictions, dubbed a “perfect storm.” We develop a compound-hazard impact model that improves on the ARIO model by considering the economic interplay between different types of hazardous events. The model considers simultaneously cross-regional substitution and production specialization, which can influence the resi lience of the economy to multiple shocks. We build scenarios to investigate economic impacts when a flood and a pandemic lockdown collide and how these are affe...
Source: Risk Analysis - April 28, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Yixin Hu,
Daoping Wang,
Jingwen Huo,
Vicky Chemutai,
Paul Brenton,
Lili Yang,
Dabo Guan Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Political ideology shapes risk and benefit judgments of COVID ‐19 vaccines
AbstractIn April 2021, the use of the Johnson& Johnson COVID-19 vaccine was paused to investigate whether it had caused serious blood clots to a small number of women (six out of 6.8 million Americans who had been administered that vaccine). As these events were unfolding, we surveyed a sample of Americans (N = 625) to assess their reactions to this news, whether they supported the pausing of the vaccine, and potential psychological factors underlying their decision. In addition, we employed automated text analyses as a supporting method to more classical quantitative measures. Results showed that political ideology influe...
Source: Risk Analysis - April 27, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Enrico Rubaltelli,
Stephan Dickert,
David M. Markowitz,
Paul Slovic Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Multiregional, multi ‐industry impacts of fairness on pandemic policies
This article proposes a novel multiobjective mixed-integer linear programming formulation, which results in the optimal timing of closure and reopening of states and industries in each. The three objectives being pursued include: (i) the epidemiological impact of the pandemic in terms of the percentage of the infected population; (ii) the social vulnerability index of the pandemic policy based on the vulnerability of communities to getting infected, and for losing their job; and (iii) the economic impact of the pandemic based on the inoperability of industries in each state. The proposed model is implemented on a dataset t...
Source: Risk Analysis - April 26, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Leili Soltanisehat,
Kash Barker,
Andr és D. González Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
The influence of risk awareness and government trust on risk perception and preparedness for natural hazards
AbstractRisk perception is considered the primary motivator for taking preparedness actions. But people with prior experience and a high-risk perception are not necessarily more prepared. This relationship is even more complex when assessing preparedness levels for hazards with different characteristics. These inconsistent findings can be explained by how preparedness has been measured and the influence of other factors, such as trust and risk awareness. Thus, the main goal of this study was to analyze the role of risk awareness and trust in authorities on risk perception and intention to prepare for natural hazards in a c...
Source: Risk Analysis - April 25, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Pamela C. Cisternas,
Luis A. Cifuentes,
Nicol ás C. Bronfman,
Paula B. Repetto Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Revealing indirect risks in complex socioeconomic systems: A highly detailed multi ‐model analysis of flood events in Austria
AbstractCascading risks that can spread through complex systems have recently gained attention. As it is crucial for decision-makers to put figures on such risks and their interactions, models that explicitly capture such interactions in a realistic manner are needed. Climate related hazards often cascade through different systems, from physical to economic and social systems, causing direct but also indirect risks and losses. Despite their growing importance in the light of ongoing climate change and increasing global connections, such indirect risks are not well understood. Applying two fundamentally different economic m...
Source: Risk Analysis - April 24, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Gabriel Bachner,
Nina Knittel,
Sebastian Poledna,
Stefan Hochrainer ‐Stigler,
Karina Reiter Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information ‐ TOC
(Source: Risk Analysis)
Source: Risk Analysis - April 21, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
