“Artificial intelligence & COVID-19: (bio)ethical aspects of end of life
(Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira)
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - November 7, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Sleep and immunity in times of COVID-19
CONCLUSION Sleep exercises a direct influence on immunity maintenance and immunological response. Circadian rhythm alterations, associated with the psychological problems imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic compromise the quality of sleep and, for that reason, the immune system.RESUMO OBJETIVOS Analisar como a pandemia de COVID-19 (Sars-CoV-2) e as medidas de restri ção social afetam a qualidade do sono e o sistema imunológico. MÉTODOS Fez-se uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa usando-se artigos científicos dos últimos cinco anos, das bases de dados PubMed, com os descritores: Sono; Quarentena; COVID-19; Imunid...
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Kawasaki and COVID-19 disease in children: a systematic review
CONCLUSION A significant increase in the incidence of Kawasaki-type diseases after the onset of the epidemic has been reported, suggesting an association between the COVID-19 epidemic and the high incidence of a severe form of KD. However, further studies are needed to conduct an investigation of the association between these two diseases.RESUMO OBJETIVO Apresentar evid ências científicas com base em revisão sistemática da literatura (Prisma) avaliando a associação da Doença de Kawasaki (DK) e COVID-19 em crianças. MÉTODOS Para a seleção dos estudos foi utilizada a combinação baseada no Medical Subject He...
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Current evidence of SARS-CoV-2 vertical transmission: an integrative review
CONCLUSION Further studies with a great number of cases are warranted to elucidate whether the virus may be vertically transmitted to the fetus and if any maternal conditions can influence that. Our findings seem to demonstrate that vertical transmission is possible but quite unusual.RESUMO OBJETIVO Revisar as evid ências científicas atuais sobre a transmissão vertical relacionada à infecção pelo novo coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19). MÉTODOS Uma revisão integrativa foi realizada por dois pesquisadores independentes, com base na literatura disponível nas bases de dados Medline (via PubMed) e Lilacs, uti lizando o...
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Safety alert for hospital environments and health professional: chlorhexidine is ineffective for coronavirus
The objective of this study is to compare the different disinfectants used for disinfection on several surfaces, in a review of worldwide works. Scientific studies were researched in the BVS (Virtual Health Library), PubMed, Medline, and ANVISA (National Health Surveillance Agency) databases. The following agents were studied: alcohol 62-71%, hydrogen peroxide 0.5%, sodium hypochlorite 0.1%, benzalkonium chloride 0.05-0.2%, povidone-iodine 10%, and chlorhexidine digluconate 0.02%, on metal, aluminum, wood, paper, glass, plastic, PVC, silicone, latex (gloves), disposable gowns, ceramic, and Teflon surfaces. Studies have sho...
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Clinical and socioeconomic characteristics of older adults with COVID-19: A protocol for a rapid systematic review
SUMMARY The aim of this rapid systematic review is to analyze the prevalence of clinical, socioeconomic, and demographic characteristics, laboratory and imaging findings, diagnostic tests, and treatment information of older adults with COVID-19. To conduct this systematic review, the Cochrane Handbook recommendations will be followed. Patients aged 60 years or older with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection will be included. A comprehensive literature search will be performed in the following databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Latin American and Caribbe...
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Renal changes and acute kidney injury in covid-19: a systematic review
CONCLUSION Although COVID-19 affects mainly the lungs, it can also impact the kidneys. Increased serum creatinine and BUN, hematuria, proteinuria, and AKI were frequent findings in patients with severe COVID-19 and were related to an increased mortality rate. Further studies focusing on renal changes and their implications for the clinical condition of patients infected with the novel coronavirus are needed.RESUMO OBJETIVO Apresentar uma revis ão sobre as alterações renais nos pacientes com COVID-19. MÉTODOS Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura para buscar estudos referentes a pacientes com altera...
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Ethical dilemmas in COVID-19 times: how to decide who lives and who dies?
The objective of this work is to reflect, from the point of view of medical ethics, on the basic principles of the choices made by the health teams, during the COVID-19 pandemic, whose resources are scarce and decisions cause anguish and restlessness. The ethical values for the rationing of health resources in an epidemic must converge to some proposals based on fundamental values such as maximizing the benefits produced by scarce resources, treating people equally, promoting and recommending instrumental values, giving priority to critical situations. Naturally, different judgments will occur in different circumstances, b...
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Chest tubes in COVID-19 times: a safe way to protect the team
CONCLUSIONS Health officials are under increasing pressure to control the spread of COVID-19, which is a very virulent disease. Our analysis brought together old rules against contamination along with new tactics for professionals who deal with chest drains in order to minimize the contamination of teams during the Pandemic. (Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira)
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Impact of oral hygiene in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in the COVID-19 pandemic
SUMMARY COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, can present respiratory complications that often lead patients to depend on mechanical ventilation (MV) for several days. It is known that Pneumonia Associated with Mechanical Ventilation (PAMV) is frequent in patients who use this equipment for a long time. As a consequence of COVID-19, its prolonged use can lead to a worse prognosis for the patients. For this reason, in addition to the insufficiency of devices for mechanical ventilation to meet the current demand, it is necessary to adopt measures aimed at preventing complications that may aggravate the patient ’ s clinical condi...
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Investigation of the frequency of COVID-19 in patients treated with intravesical BCG
CONCLUSION Intravesical BCG administration does not decrease the frequency of COVID-19 infection.RESUMO INTRODU ÇÃO Neste estudo retrospectivo, objetivou-se investigar a frequência de COVID-19 em pacientes com e sem aplicação de BCG por tumor de bexiga. MÉTODOS A presença de COVID-19 foi investigada em 167 pacientes com BCG e 167 sem câncer de bexiga. Todos os pacientes compatíveis para infecção por COVID-19. Resumidamente, os pacientes foram incluídos no estudo com RT-PCR positivo para Sars-CoV-2 e/ou TC de tórax positivo para pneumonia viral entre março e maio de 2020. RESULTADOS Um total de 334 pac...
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

The effect of abo and rh blood group antigens on admission to intensive care unit and mortality in patients with COVID-19 infection
CONCLUSION The most frequently seen blood type among COVID-19 patients was A +. The Rh + blood group was found in all cases who were admitted to ICU and had a death outcome. The Rh + blood group was found in a significantly high number of patients who were admitted to ICU, while no significant relationship was found between mortality and Rh blood group.RESUMO OBJETIVO O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o significado prognóstico dos antígenos do grupo sanguíneo ABO e Rh, juntamente com vários parâmetros em pacientes acompanhados com o diagnóstico de COVID-19. MÉTODOS Foram avaliados 397 pacientes que foram acom...
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Demographic characteristics and neurological comorbidity of patients with COVID-19
SUMMARY ABSTRACT The COVID-19 infection that started in the Wuhan Province of the People's Republic of China and has now spread throughout the world is not limited to the respiratory system, but also causes other systemic symptoms through viremia. Recent data show that the central and peripheral nervous system involvement is particularly substantial. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the current neurological comorbidities and symptoms of patients with COVID-19 who were followed up by our clinic physicians.RESUMO RESUMO A infec ção de COVID-19 que começou na província de Wuhan, na República Popular da Chi...
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Neutrophil count to albumin ratio as a new predictor of mortality in patients with COVID-19 ınfection
CONCLUSION The present study showed that NAR levels can be a cheap and simple marker for predicting mortality in patients with COVID-19.RESUMO ANTECEDENTES A doen ça de coronavírus 2019 é uma doença respiratória inflamatória aguda. Causa muitas alterações nos parâmetros do hemograma. Baixos níveis de albumina estão associados ao risco de mortalidade em pacientes hospitalizados. O objetivo do presente estudo é revelar o local da razão entre contag em de neutrófilos e albumina na predição de mortalidade em pacientes com COVID-19. MÉTODOS Cento e quarenta e quatro pacientes do sexo feminino e 79 do sexo ...
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Impact of antihypertensive agents on clinical course and in-hospital mortality: analysis of 169 hypertensive patients hospitalized for COVID-19
CONCLUSION The type of antihypertensive agent being used had no effect on the clinical course and mortality in hypertensive patients with COVID-19. The use of these agents should be maintained for the treatment of hypertension d uring hospitalization.RESUMO OBJETIVO A doen ça de coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19) é uma ameaça emergente à saúde causada por um novo coronavírus denominado síndrome respiratória aguda grave coronavírus 2 (Sars-COV-2). Estudos anteriores observaram que a hipertensão está associada a um aumento da mortalidade devido ao COVID-19, no enta nto, não está claro se o aumento do risco pertence...
Source: Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira - September 21, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research