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Phytochemical study of Harrisia adscendens
The objective of this study was to perform the isolation and identification of the secondary metabolites obtained from the vegetal drug by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the extract. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of the extract showed suggestive results for the presence of alkaloids. Two compounds were isolated and identified: 2-methyl-9H- β -carboline-2-ion, a β -carboline alkaloid obtained for the first time as a natural product and 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyacetophenone-2'-O- β -glucoside. In the antimicrobial tests, it was possible to observe activ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - July 10, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

A new glucosidic iridoid from Isodon rubescens
ABSTRACT One new glucosidic iridoid, 6-O-veratroylbarlerin, was isolated from the chloroform/methanol extract of Isodon rubescens (Hemsl.) H.Hara, Lamiaceae aerial parts, along with the known compounds apigenin and caffeic acid. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR experiments and ESI-MS technique. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia)
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - July 10, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Validated high performance liquid chromatography for simultaneous determination of stability of madecassoside and asiaticoside in film forming polymeric dispersions
The objective of the work was to validate the high performance liquid chromatography for simultaneous determination of stability of madecassoside and asiaticoside in Centella asiatica (L.) Urb., Apiaceae, extract-loaded film forming polymeric dispersions. High performance liquid chromatography method was validated in five topics: linearity and range, limit of detection and limit of quantitation, specificity, precision, and accuracy. Results showed the method had a good linearity (R2> 0.9990) in the range of 5 – 150 µg/ml and specific. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation of madecassoside were 81 and 245 n...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - July 10, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Quantification of major phenolic and flavonoid markers in forage crop Lolium multiflorum using HPLC-DAD
The objective of this study was to perform preliminary screening of phytochemical compounds and quantification of major phenolics and flavonoid markers in Italian ryegrass extract using HPLC-DAD. Previously, LC – MS analysis has identified different phenolic acids, including caffeic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, dihydroxy benzoic acid, propyl gallate, catechin, and six flavonoids including rutin hydroxide, luteolin, kaemferol, vitexin, narcissoside, and myricetin from Italian ryegrass extract. In the present study, Italian ryegrass silage powder was extracted with ethanol: water for 20 min at 90 ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - July 10, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Comparative leaf morpho-anatomy of six species of Eucalyptus cultivated in Brazil
ABSTRACT The present work provides a comparative account of the morpho-anatomy of six species of Eucalyptus, namely E. badjensis Beuzev.& Welch, E. benthamii Maiden& Cambage, E. dunnii Maiden, E. grandis W.Hill, E. globulus Labill. and E. saligna Sm., Myrtaceae. Leaf samples of these six species were investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy. The observed microscopic features that can be useful in the identification and quality control of the studied species include the morphology of epicuticular waxes, presence of prismatic crystals on the leaf surface, leaf midrib shape and arrangement of its vascula...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - July 10, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Identification of Plastrum Testudinis used in traditional medicine with DNA mini-barcodes
ABSTRACT The carapace of the tortoise Chinemys reevesii is an ingredient of “ Guijia ” , a traditional Chinese medicine. However, C. reevesii is difficult to raise in aquaculture and is rare in the wild. Counterfeit tablets are made from carapaces of other species. In addition to C. reevesii, other species including Mauremys sinensis, Indotestudo elongate and Trachemys scripta have been used in Plastrum Testudinis as well. After processing, these carapaces are difficult to identify on the basis of morphological characteristics, which impedes law enforcement. Our study used DNA barcoding technology to identify C. reeves...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - July 10, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Coupled monolithic columns as an alternative for the use of viscous ethanol–water mobile phases on chromatographic fingerprinting complex samples
ABSTRACT Concepts of sustainability have received attention from people involved in investigation of nature-derived matrices. The effects of concomitant pollutant activities are cumulative and harmful to the environment from which these matrices are obtained. High performance liquid chromatography analyses generate millions of litters of chemical waste worldwide every year. Reduction of organic solvent consumption during the analyses and replacement of harmful solvents with greener options are the main approaches to mitigate this problem. This work explored the strategy of employing monolithic columns when the problematic ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - July 10, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

An overview of odoriferous marine seaweeds of the Dictyopteris genus: insights into their chemical diversity, biological potential and ecological roles
ABSTRACT Since the middle of the twentieth century the marine algae have attracted attention as a source of new drugs. Dictyopteris is an important group of marine seaweeds and is widely distributed in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. This genus is known by its characteristic “ ocean smell ” . Some species show a distinct phytochemistry, with specific secondary metabolites, including C11-hydrocarbons, sulfur compounds and quinone derivatives, not usually found in marine seaweeds and described for the first time in the literature. Furthermore, several terpenes, steroids and halogenated compounds have been de...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Antitussive and expectorant properties of growing and fallen leaves of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica)
ABSTRACT Folium Eriobotryae, the dried leaves of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica, (Thunb.) Lindl., Rosaceae), is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat cough with phlegm in China. Fallen and growing loquat leaves were tested for their effect on coughing and expectoration in mice. HPLC-ELSD and HPLC-MS analyses of aqueous and ethanol extracts of fallen or growing leaves were used to identify the chemical components responsible for this effect. Both the aqueous and ethanol extracts of growing and fallen leaves of loquat contained antitussive and expectorant activities. Moreover, an aqueous extract of growing loquat leaves ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Chemical constituents from ethanol extract of Polyalthia rumphii branches and their cytotoxicity evaluation
ABSTRACT Twelve known compounds, including eight alkaloids, three lignans and one gossypol derivative, were isolated from the branches of Polyalthia rumphii (Blume ex Hensch.) Merr., Annonaceae. The chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic methods and comparison with literature data. All the isolates were evaluated the cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines: Hela, MCF-7 and A549, the results showed that partial of isolates displayed weak cytotoxicities with the IC50 values ranging from 25 to 40 µg/ml. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia)
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Nitric oxide inhibitory and anti-Bacillus activity of phenolic compounds and plant extracts from Mesua species
ABSTRACT Species from the genus Mesua, Calophyllaceae, are rich source for phenolic compounds such as coumarin xanthone, and benzophenone derivatives. An investigation on the potential biologically active phenolic compounds 1 – 5 and crude extracts from the stem bark of Mesua hexapetala (Hook. f.) P.S. Ashton and Mesua beccariana (Baill.) Kosterm. for nitric oxide inhibitory activity on RAW 264.7 macrophage as well as anti-Bacillus activity on selected Bacillus were carried out. Hexapetarin (1), which we reported as a new compound isolated from M. hexapetala showed very good nitric oxide inhibitory activity with an IC50 ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Phenylacylated-flavonoids from Peucedanum chryseum
ABSTRACT Phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Peucedanum chryseum (Boiss.& Heldr.) D.F.Chamb., Apiaceae, led to the isolation of a dihydrofuranochromone, cimifugin (1); a phloroacetophenone glucoside, myrciaphenone A (2); and a flavonoid glycoside, afzelin (3) along with two phenylacylated-flavonoid glycosides: rugosaflavonoid C (4), and isoquercitrin 6"-O-p-hydroxybenzoate (5). The structures of compounds 1 – 5 were elucidated by extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic analysis in combination with MS experiments and comparison with the relevant literature. All compounds are repor...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Morpho-anatomy of native species used as substitute of quina (Cinchona spp.) in Brazilian traditional medicine: Esenbeckia febrifuga
ABSTRACT Esenbeckia febrifuga (A.St.-Hil.) A. Juss. ex Mart., Rutaceae, is known by several popular names including quina-do-mato. This name is a reference to the use of its bark as febrifuge and in the past was employed as a substitute of Cinchona sp. for treatment of malaria symptoms. This confusion may have been reinforced by the fact that the bark of these plants are similar in appearance and have a bitter taste. In view thereof this study presents the description morphological and anatomical and the histochemistry of the stem bark and contributes to the pharmacobotanical study of plant drugs identified as Brazilian qu...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Randomized controlled trial of Panax ginseng in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
ABSTRACT The irritable bowel syndrome is defined as the presence of continuing or recurrent abdominal pain and it is associated with altered bowel habit. Experimental studies with Panax ginseng C.A. Mey., Araliaceae, have demonstrated the antinociceptive action on calcium and sodium channels, as well as on primary sensory neurons. A clinical double-blind, randomized, prospective and experimental trial was conducted for sixty days, comparing the action of dry extract of P. ginseng (300 mg/day) with trimebutine (600 mg/day). Patients were assessed at four visits for abdominal pain, using the Likert scale, and adverse events....
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Development and clinical efficacy evaluation of anti-greasy green tea tonner on facial skin
ABSTRACT Green tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, Theaceae) polyphenols have activities against skin disorders; however, anti-sebum efficacy of green tea cosmetic has sparely been reported. The facial tonner containing green tea was therefore developed and clinical evaluated. The base formulas which stabled following accelerated tests were sensorial assessed in ten volunteers. The base with hydroxyethyl cellulose, glycerin and panthenol (totally 3.6%) with the significant (p< 0.05) preference (82.3 ± 0.55%) over the others was further developed to green tea preparations. All of the products were stable and caused none...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research