Hemocyte –hemocyte adhesion and nodulation reactions of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella are influenced by cholera toxin and its B-subunit
Publication date: 2012 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 2 Author(s): Jason F. Lapointe, Gary B. Dunphy, Craig A. Mandato Nodulation, the lepidopteran insect immune response to large numbers of microbes in the blood (hemolymph) consists of the coordination of the blood cell (hemocyte) types the granular cells and plasmatocytes in terms of granular cell–bacteria adhesion and hemocyte–hemocyte adhesion (microaggregation). Hemocyte–microbe adhesion is influenced by the secondary messenger, cAMP, and cAMP-dependent protein kinase A. In the present study, cholera toxin, an AB5 protein known to indirectly stim...
Source: Results in Immunology - July 20, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
CD4 and CD8 T cells participate in the immune memory response against Vaccinia virus after a previous natural infection
Publication date: 2013 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 3 Author(s): Daniela Carla Medeiros-Silva, Eduardo Augusto dos Santos Moreira-Silva, Juliana de Assis Silva Gomes, Flávio Guimarães da Fonseca, Rodrigo Correa-Oliveira The present study evaluates the immune response of memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from patients following a natural Vaccinia virus (VACV) infection. A total of 42 individuals were involved in the study being: 22 previously infected individuals (vaccinated or not against smallpox) and 20 non-infected individuals (vaccinated or not). A short-term in vitro stimulation with UV-inactivated ...
Source: Results in Immunology - July 20, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Sequence analysis of a normalized cDNA library of Mytilus edulis hemocytes exposed to Vibrio splendidus LGP32 strain
Publication date: 2013 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 3 Author(s): Marion Tanguy, Patty McKenna, Sophie Gauthier-Clerc, Jocelyne Pellerin, Jean-Michel Danger, Ahmed Siah In the past decades, reports on bivalves' pathogens and associated mortalities have steadily increased. To face pathogenic micro-organisms, bivalves rely on innate defenses established in hemocytes which are essentially based on phagocytosis and cytotoxic reactions. As a step towards a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the mussel Mytilus edulis innate immune system, we constructed and sequenced a normalized ...
Source: Results in Immunology - July 20, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Uptake of biodegradable poly( γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles and antigen presentation by dendritic cells in vivo
In this study, γ-PGA NPs were examined for their uptake by DCs and subsequent migration from the skin to the regional lymph nodes (LNs) in mice. After subcutaneous injection of fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled NPs or FITC-ovalbumin (OVA)-carrying NPs (FITC-OVA-NPs), DCs migrated from the skin to the LNs and maturated, resulting in the upregulation of the costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 and the chemokine receptor CCR7. However, the migrated DCs were not detected in the spleen. FITC-OVA-NPs were found to be taken up by skin-derived CD103+ DCs, and the processed antigen peptides were cross-presented by the m...
Source: Results in Immunology - July 20, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Constitutive expression of genes encoding notch receptors and ligands in developing lymphocytes, nTreg cells and dendritic cells in the human thymus
Publication date: Available online 5 April 2016 Source:Results in Immunology Author(s): Luciana Bento-de-Souza, Jefferson R. Victor, Luiz C. Bento-de-Souza, Magaly Arrais-Santos, Andréia C. Rangel-Santos, Érica Pereira-Costa, Elaine Raniero-Fernandes, Maria I Seixas-Duarte, João B. Oliveira-Filho, Alberto J Silva-Duarte The thymus is the site of T cell maturation. Notch receptors (Notch1-4) and ligands (DLL1-3 and Jagged1-2) constitute one of several pathways involved in this process. Our data revealed differential constitutive expression of Notch genes and ligands in T lymphocytes and thymic den...
Source: Results in Immunology - April 4, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
De novo assembly of the blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) gill transcriptome to identify ammonia exposure associated microRNAs and their targets
This study demonstrates the feasibility of identifying miRNA targets by transcriptome analysis. The transcriptome assembly data represent a substantial increase in the genomic resources available for Megalobrama amblycephala and will be useful for gene expression profile analysis and miRNA functional annotation. (Source: Results in Immunology)
Source: Results in Immunology - March 11, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Immunomodulation for treatment of drug and device refractory gastroparesis
Conclusions Immunomodulatory therapy shows positive outcomes in improving vomiting symptom in some gastroparetic patients who have coexisting positive autoimmune profiles. This preliminary data suggests the need for further investigations in immunotherapy targeted to patients with gastroparetic symptoms refractory to approved drug and device therapies. (Source: Results in Immunology)
Source: Results in Immunology - March 4, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Ascorbic acid serum levels are reduced in patients with hematological malignancies
Publication date: Available online 12 January 2016 Source:Results in Immunology Author(s): Mirelle J.A.J. Huijskens, Will K.W.H. Wodzig, Mateusz Walczak, Wilfred T.V. Germeraad, Gerard M.J. Bos In this paper we demonstrate that patients treated with chemotherapy and/or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have highly significant reduced serum ascorbic acid (AA) levels compared to healthy controls. We recently observed in in vitro experiments that growth of both T and NK cells from hematopoietic stem cells is positively influenced by AA. It might be of clinical relevance to study the function and rec...
Source: Results in Immunology - January 13, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Ly6G-mediated depletion of neutrophils is dependent on macrophages
Publication date: Available online 21 December 2015 Source:Results in Immunology Author(s): Kevin W. Bruhn, Ken Dekitani, Travis Nielsen, Paul Pantapalangkoor, Brad Spellberg Antibody-mediated depletion of neutrophils is commonly used to study neutropenia. However, the mechanisms by which antibodies deplete neutrophils have not been well defined. We noticed that mice deficient in complement and macrophages had blunted neutrophil depletion in response to anti-Ly6G monoclonal antibody (MAb) treatment. In vitro, exposure of murine neutrophils to anti-Ly6G MAb in the presence of plasma did not result in significa...
Source: Results in Immunology - December 21, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
A focused Real Time PCR strategy to determine GILZ expression in mouse tissues
Publication date: 2015 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 5 Author(s): Luigi Cari, Erika Ricci, Marco Gentili, Maria Grazia Petrillo, Emira Ayroldi, Simona Ronchetti, Giuseppe Nocentini, Carlo Riccardi Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper (GILZ) is a glucocorticoid-inducible gene that mediates glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory effects. GILZ and the isoform L-GILZ are expressed in a variety of cell types, especially of hematopoietic origin, including macrophages, lymphocytes and epithelial cells, and strongly upregulated upon glucocorticoid treatment. A quantitative analysis of GILZ expression in mouse...
Source: Results in Immunology - December 10, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Plasma levels of M-CSF are increased in ANCA-associated vasculitides with active nephritis
In conclusion, M-CSF is higher in patients with AAV and active nephritis and could contribute to the pathogenesis of these diseases. In addition, M-CSF could behave as a useful marker of renal involvement in AAV. (Source: Results in Immunology)
Source: Results in Immunology - December 10, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Expression and regulation of Schlafen (SLFN) family members in primary human monocytes, monocyte-derived dendritic cells and T cells
In conclusion, we demonstrate, that SLFN gene upregulation is mainly dependent on autocrine type I interferon signaling in primary human immune cells. Rapid decrease of SLFN expression levels following T cell receptor stimulation indicates a role of SLFNs in the regulation of human T cell quiescence. (Source: Results in Immunology)
Source: Results in Immunology - December 10, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
N-terminal amphipathic helix of Amphiphysin can change the spatial distribution of immunoglobulin E receptors (FcεRI) in the RBL-2H3 mast cell synapse
Publication date: Available online 3 December 2015 Source:Results in Immunology Author(s): Kathrin Spendier Biomembranes undergo extensive shape changes as they perform vital cellular functions or become diseased. To understand the mechanisms by which lipids and proteins control membrane curvature during various processes, researchers have identified and engineered many curvature-inducing and curvature-sensing proteins and peptides. In this paper, a simple experiment was performed to show qualitatively how membrane remodeling by N-terminal amphipathic helix of Amphiphysin affects the spatial distribution of the trans...
Source: Results in Immunology - December 10, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Adenovirus serotype 5 E1A expressing tumor cells elicit a tumor-specific CD8+ T cell response independent of NKG2D
Publication date: Available online 15 January 2015 Source:Results in Immunology Author(s): Michael J. Korrer , John M. Routes The expression of the Adenovirus serotype 2 or serotype 5 (Ad2/5) E1A gene in tumor cells upregulates ligands that are recognized by the NKG2D activating receptor, which is expressed on NK cells and T cells, and reduces their tumorigenicity, a process dependent on NK cells and T cells. In some model systems, the forced overexpression of NKG2D ligands on tumor cells induced antigen-specific CD8+ T cells that mediated anti-tumor immunity. We wanted to determine if the interaction of NKG2D ligand...
Source: Results in Immunology - January 16, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Molecular pathway alterations in CD4 T-cells of nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice in the preinsulitis phase of autoimmune diabetes
Publication date: 2014 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 4 Author(s): Dorothy N. Kakoola , Anita Curcio-Brint , Nataliya I. Lenchik , Ivan C. Gerling Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a multigenic disease caused by T-cell mediated destruction of the insulin producing pancreatic islet β-cells. The earliest sign of islet autoimmunity in NOD mice, islet leukocytic infiltration or insulitis, is obvious at around 5 weeks of age. The molecular alterations that occur in T cells prior to insulitis and that may contribute to T1D development are poorly understood. Since CD4 T-cells are essential to T1D development, we tested the ...
Source: Results in Immunology - December 24, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
