miR-146a-5p Alleviates Radiation-Induced Liver Fibrosis by Regulating PTPRA-SRC Signaling in Mice
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 28. doi: 10.1667/RADE-22-00017.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPatients with hepatobiliary tumors who accept radiotherapy are at risk for radiation-induced liver fibrosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced liver damage and possess potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, the role of miR-146a-5p in radiation-induced liver fibrosis is less well understood. The current study was designed to evaluate the role of miR-146a-5p in radiation-induced liver fibrosis in mice and to investigate the possible mechanisms involved in miR-146a-5p-med...
Source: Radiation Research - November 28, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Bao-Ying Yuan Yuan Zhuang Zhi-Feng Wu Xiao-Mei Zhao Li Zhang Gen-Wen Chen Zhao-Chong Zeng Source Type: research
A Novel Platform for Evaluating Dose Rate Effects on Oxidative Damage to Peptides: Toward a High-Throughput Method to Characterize the Mechanisms Underlying the FLASH Effect
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 28. doi: 10.1667/RADE-23-00131.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHigh dose rate radiation has gained considerable interest recently as a possible avenue for increasing the therapeutic window in cancer radiation treatment. The sparing of healthy tissue at high dose rates relative to conventional dose rates, while maintaining tumor control, has been termed the FLASH effect. Although the effect has been validated in animal models using multiple radiation sources, it is not yet well understood. Here, we demonstrate a new experimental platform for quantifying oxidative damage to protein sidechains in solutio...
Source: Radiation Research - November 28, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Sayan Gupta Jamie L Inman Jared De Chant Lieselotte Obst-Huebl Kei Nakamura Shawn M Costello Susan Marqusee Jian-Hua Mao Louis Kunz Ryan Paisley Marie-Catherine Vozenin Antoine M Snijders Corie Y Ralston Source Type: research
Assessment of Cataract Risk after Diagnostic Head CT Scan Radiation Exposure in Ontario, Canada
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 28. doi: 10.1667/RADE-23-00179.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIonizing radiation is one of the known risk factors for cataract development, however, there is still debate regarding the level of risk after low dose exposures. One of the largest sources of radiation exposure to the lens of the eye is diagnostic CT scans. The aim of this study was to examine whether ionizing radiation associated with head CT scans increases cataract risk in residents of Ontario, Canada. Data were collected from January 1, 1994 to December 31, 2015 (22 years) from anonymized Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP) medical r...
Source: Radiation Research - November 28, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Pirouz Emami Katherine Gaudreau Mark P Little Choonsik Lee Brian Moroz Douglas R Boreham Christopher Thome Source Type: research
Effects of Differing Underlying Assumptions in In Silico Models on Predictions of DNA Damage and Repair
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 28. doi: 10.1667/RADE-21-00147.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe induction and repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are critical factors in the treatment of cancer by radiotherapy. To investigate the relationship between incident radiation and cell death through DSB induction many in silico models have been developed. These models produce and use custom formats of data, specific to the investigative aims of the researchers, and often focus on particular pairings of damage and repair models. In this work we use a standard format for reporting DNA damage to evaluate combinations of different, ind...
Source: Radiation Research - November 28, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: John W Warmenhoven Nicholas T Henthorn Aimee L McNamara Samuel P Ingram Michael J Merchant Karen J Kirkby Jan Schuemann Harald Paganetti Kevin M Prise Stephen J McMahon Source Type: research
Development of a Multi-Organ Radiation Injury Model with Precise Dosimetry with Focus on GI-ARS
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 28. doi: 10.1667/RADE-23-00068.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe goal of this study was to establish a model of partial-body irradiation (PBI) sparing 2.5% of the bone marrow (BM2.5-PBI) that accurately recapitulates radiological/nuclear exposure scenarios. Here we have reported a model which produces gastrointestinal (GI) damage utilizing a clinical linear accelerator (LINAC) with precise dosimetry, which can be used to develop medical countermeasures (MCM) for GI acute radiation syndrome (ARS) under the FDA animal rule. The PBI model (1 hind leg spared) was developed in male and female C57BL/6 mic...
Source: Radiation Research - November 28, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Vidya P Kumar Kefale Wuddie Alena Tsioplaya Alia Weaver Gregory P Holmes-Hampton Sanchita P Ghosh Source Type: research
Single-fraction Radiation Treatment Dose Response in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Medulloblastoma
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 22. doi: 10.1667/RADE-23-00126.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMedulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor of children. Although standard of care radiotherapy for pediatric medulloblastoma (PM) can lead to long-term remission or cure in many patients, it can also cause life-long cognitive impairment and other adverse effects. The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in radiation-induced cerebral damage are incompletely understood, and their elucidation may lead to interventions that mitigate radiation toxicity. To explore the mechanisms of radiation-induced cerebral damage, transgenic m...
Source: Radiation Research - November 22, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Kevin J Tu Connor E Stewart Nerissa T Williams Yan Ma Lixia Luo Debosir Ghosh Loren B Weidenhammer Scott R Floyd Yi Fan David G Kirsch Mark Oldham Zachary J Reitman Source Type: research
Single-fraction Radiation Treatment Dose Response in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Medulloblastoma
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 22. doi: 10.1667/RADE-23-00126.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMedulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor of children. Although standard of care radiotherapy for pediatric medulloblastoma (PM) can lead to long-term remission or cure in many patients, it can also cause life-long cognitive impairment and other adverse effects. The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in radiation-induced cerebral damage are incompletely understood, and their elucidation may lead to interventions that mitigate radiation toxicity. To explore the mechanisms of radiation-induced cerebral damage, transgenic m...
Source: Radiation Research - November 22, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Kevin J Tu Connor E Stewart Nerissa T Williams Yan Ma Lixia Luo Debosir Ghosh Loren B Weidenhammer Scott R Floyd Yi Fan David G Kirsch Mark Oldham Zachary J Reitman Source Type: research
Single-fraction Radiation Treatment Dose Response in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Medulloblastoma
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 22. doi: 10.1667/RADE-23-00126.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMedulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor of children. Although standard of care radiotherapy for pediatric medulloblastoma (PM) can lead to long-term remission or cure in many patients, it can also cause life-long cognitive impairment and other adverse effects. The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in radiation-induced cerebral damage are incompletely understood, and their elucidation may lead to interventions that mitigate radiation toxicity. To explore the mechanisms of radiation-induced cerebral damage, transgenic m...
Source: Radiation Research - November 22, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Kevin J Tu Connor E Stewart Nerissa T Williams Yan Ma Lixia Luo Debosir Ghosh Loren B Weidenhammer Scott R Floyd Yi Fan David G Kirsch Mark Oldham Zachary J Reitman Source Type: research
Single-fraction Radiation Treatment Dose Response in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Medulloblastoma
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 22. doi: 10.1667/RADE-23-00126.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMedulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor of children. Although standard of care radiotherapy for pediatric medulloblastoma (PM) can lead to long-term remission or cure in many patients, it can also cause life-long cognitive impairment and other adverse effects. The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in radiation-induced cerebral damage are incompletely understood, and their elucidation may lead to interventions that mitigate radiation toxicity. To explore the mechanisms of radiation-induced cerebral damage, transgenic m...
Source: Radiation Research - November 22, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Kevin J Tu Connor E Stewart Nerissa T Williams Yan Ma Lixia Luo Debosir Ghosh Loren B Weidenhammer Scott R Floyd Yi Fan David G Kirsch Mark Oldham Zachary J Reitman Source Type: research
Heme Biosynthesis is Crucial for Cell Survival and Mitochondrial OXPHOS after X Irradiation
In this study, we evaluated heme biosynthesis activity after X irradiation and examined the effects of heme biosynthesis inhibition by SA on cellular radiosensitivity and mitochondrial OXPHOS function. We demonstrated that X irradiation significantly increased ALAS1 mRNA levels and cellular heme content. Inhibition of heme biosynthesis by SA significantly decreased cellular heme content and sensitized cancer cells to radiation. We also showed that SA reduced cellular ATP levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial ROS production, suggesting mitochondrial OXPHOS dysfunction. SA decreased the expression of mi...
Source: Radiation Research - November 21, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Tomoki Bo Koen Van Wijk Osamu Nakajima Source Type: research
Naive CD4 T Cells Highly Expressing the Inflammatory Chemokine Receptor CXCR3 Increase with Age and Radiation Exposure in Atomic Bomb Survivors
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 21. doi: 10.1667/RADE-23-00065.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe numbers of naive T cells that react to novel pathogens not yet encountered by an immune system, decrease during aging, mainly due to age-associated involution of the thymus. CD45RA+ naive CD4 T cells consist of heterogeneous populations, including highly CXCR3-expressing cells that appear during the homeostatic proliferation of naive T cells and exhibit enhanced type-1 inflammatory phenotypes. Based on previous evidence of radiation-associated reductions in thymic function and peripheral blood naive CD4 T cells, we hypothesized that th...
Source: Radiation Research - November 21, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Kengo Yoshida Munechika Misumi Mika Yamaoka Seishi Kyoizumi Waka Ohishi Hiromi Sugiyama Tomonori Hayashi Yoichiro Kusunoki Source Type: research
Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 Radioligand Targeted Therapy Using 177Lutetium-pentixather for Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cancers
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 21. doi: 10.1667/RADE-23-00064.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIntermediate to high-grade lung neuroendocrine tumors (NETs; i.e., atypical carcinoid tumors) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are currently difficult to cure. These tumors were found to express the CXCR4 G-protein coupled receptor that can be targeted with radioligands. PCR and flow cytometric analysis of lung NET and NEC cell lines using an anti-CXCR4 antibody demonstrated that all cell lines tested expressed CXCR4. PET/CT imaging with 68Galium-pentixafor in mouse xenografts of NETs and NECs verified tumor targeting that was blocked ...
Source: Radiation Research - November 21, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Melissa A Fath Dijie Liu Jordan T Ewald Claudia Robles-Planells Ann M Tomanek-Chalkley Stephen A Graves James R Howe Thomas M O'Dorisio Prerna Rastogi Andrew M Bellizzi M Sue O'Dorisio Yusuf Menda Douglas R Spitz Source Type: research
Iron Deposition in the Bone Marrow and Spleen of Nonhuman Primates with Acute Radiation Syndrome
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 16. doi: 10.1667/RADE-23-00107.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe risk of exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation from nuclear weapons or radiological accidents is an increasing world concern. Partial- or total-body exposure to high doses of radiation is potentially lethal through the induction of acute radiation syndrome (ARS). Hematopoietic cells are sensitive to radiation exposure; white blood cells primarily undergo apoptosis while red blood cells (RBCs) undergo hemolysis. Several laboratories demonstrated that the rapid hemolysis of RBCs results in the release of acellular iron into the bl...
Source: Radiation Research - November 15, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Regina M Day W Bradley Rittase John E Slaven Sang-Ho Lee Grace V Brehm Dmitry T Bradfield Jeannie M Muir Stephen Y Wise Oluseyi O Fatanmi Vijay K Singh Source Type: research
Iron Deposition in the Bone Marrow and Spleen of Nonhuman Primates with Acute Radiation Syndrome
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 16. doi: 10.1667/RADE-23-00107.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe risk of exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation from nuclear weapons or radiological accidents is an increasing world concern. Partial- or total-body exposure to high doses of radiation is potentially lethal through the induction of acute radiation syndrome (ARS). Hematopoietic cells are sensitive to radiation exposure; white blood cells primarily undergo apoptosis while red blood cells (RBCs) undergo hemolysis. Several laboratories demonstrated that the rapid hemolysis of RBCs results in the release of acellular iron into the bl...
Source: Radiation Research - November 15, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Regina M Day W Bradley Rittase John E Slaven Sang-Ho Lee Grace V Brehm Dmitry T Bradfield Jeannie M Muir Stephen Y Wise Oluseyi O Fatanmi Vijay K Singh Source Type: research
Iron Deposition in the Bone Marrow and Spleen of Nonhuman Primates with Acute Radiation Syndrome
Radiat Res. 2023 Nov 16. doi: 10.1667/RADE-23-00107.1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe risk of exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation from nuclear weapons or radiological accidents is an increasing world concern. Partial- or total-body exposure to high doses of radiation is potentially lethal through the induction of acute radiation syndrome (ARS). Hematopoietic cells are sensitive to radiation exposure; white blood cells primarily undergo apoptosis while red blood cells (RBCs) undergo hemolysis. Several laboratories demonstrated that the rapid hemolysis of RBCs results in the release of acellular iron into the bl...
Source: Radiation Research - November 15, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Regina M Day W Bradley Rittase John E Slaven Sang-Ho Lee Grace V Brehm Dmitry T Bradfield Jeannie M Muir Stephen Y Wise Oluseyi O Fatanmi Vijay K Singh Source Type: research
